Rudiments of ancient architecture, containing an historical account of the five orders, with their proportions, and examples of each from antiques also, extracts from Vitruvius, Pliny, &c. relative to the buildings of the ancients (London, 1810 (4. Aufl.))

ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE. 69

style, and the columns have an eighth part
for their thickness, they have a clumsy and
ungraceful appearance, on account of the
frequency of the columns, and the narrow-
ness of the intervals ; for this reason, the
symmetry and proportion of each order
should be attended to. Also the thickness
of the corner columns must be increased
one fiftieth part; for, by the great sur-
rounding space, they will appear smaller
to the view, and it is necessary art should
rectify this defect of vision.

For the diminution of the shaft of a co-
lumn, the following rule may be observed :
if the shaft of a column is fifteen feet high
the diameter of the lower part is divided
into six parts; five of which are for the top
diameter. If columns are from fifteen to
twenty feet high, the lower diameter is di-
vided into six parts and a half; five and a
half of which are for the top diameter. If
columns are from twenty to thirty feet high
the lower diameter is divided into seven
parts; six of which are for the top dia-
meter. If columns are from thirty to forty
feet high, the lower diameter is divided
into seven parts and a half; six and a half
of which are for the top diameter. If co-