of Gethsemane — to identify Jesus to the soldiers.16
However, this resemblance became very painful for
the Blessed Virgin after the déposition of Christ
from the Cross — especially the comparison of the
mutilated face of her son with the beautiful face of
St. James. In špite of this suffering, the Mother of
God nominated him to be the guardian of Chrisťs
sepulchre and the propagátor of his Passion and
Death. Then she dipped her finger into the blood of
Jesus and marked the vestment of St. James with the
double cross. She then made a smaller cross over it in
memory of the titulus INRI, which became a warning
to sinners.17 However, St. James believed firmly in
the Résurrection of Jesus, announced by him during
the Last Supper, and from that moment he begun
a strict fast. When Jesus rose from the dead, he re-
vealed himself to this faithful disciple and gave him
a piece of blessed bread to confirm the reality of his
Résurrection. A church was built on the place of this
meeting by pious Christians.18 Tradition maintains
that Jesus considered St. James to be among the most
trusted Apostles, so before his Ascension to Heaven
he transferred all his knowledge (pmnem... scientiam)
to him and to St. Peter and St. John. These Apostles
elected St. James as the first bishop of Jerusalem.
Afterwards, this disciple established regulär canons
at the Church of Jerusalem {Ecclesia HJierosolymitanà),
and the Cenacle, and lived with them to teach the

16 Ibidem, p. 25: “Hine etiam Judas, Christum proditurus ludaeis,
eis osculi signum dédit, ut eo Christo agnoscerent, ne pro eo Jacobum
Christi similimum comprehenderentP
17 Ibidem, pp. 20-21: “Maria oculos suos aperuisset, et in Jacobum
conjecisset, mox agnovit, quodfacies dilecti sui Filij Jesu, faciei Jacobi
similis esset; nunc autem propter multiplicia verbera et copiosum
sanguinem, ex intégra sit dissimilis: ob quod maeror cordis ejus, dolor
et compassio renovata fuit. Post aliquot autem suspiria ad se rediens,
nuntiavit Jacobo suo cognato ex instinctu Spiritus Sancti, quod Ule
Hierosolymis Custos Sepulchri sui Filij, Praedicator et Episcopus
Yidelium, Propagátor Passionis, et Mortis Christi esse debeat: ne autem
hujus obliviscatur, sed semper in recenti memoria haec retineat, intinxit
digitum suum in pretiosissimum Sanquinem, qui in ejus vestes, dum
Christus in Cruce penderet, guttatim decidit, velpotiüs defluxit, tum
etiam in illud vulnus, quod Christo ad latus factum erat, in veste alba
ac linea ad pectus Jacobo Crucem expressif:juxta formám et figurám
illius, in qua Christus affixus fuit. Postea verà adhuc alteramparvulum
Crucem superprimam signavit, in memoriam illius inscriptionis, quam
Pilatus super Crucem affigi jussit, quae fuit: Jesus Naqarenus Rex
Judaeorum. Sic tibi etiam haec Crux, (ajebat Maria) Jacobe, aeternum
memoriale amarae et innocentis mortis mei dilecti FilijJ'

lifestyle of the Apostles. As a priest consecrated by
Jesus during the Last Supper, he celebrated the first
Holy Mass in this church. Moreover, he compiled
the liturgical texts. He also prescribed the dress to
be worn by the bishops of Jerusalem, consisting of a
linen ephod, a röchet with tight sleeves, “a stole of the
Apostle?’ and the lamina aurea, a prototype of an épis-
copal mitre.19 According to the order’s hagiography,
St. James was allowed to enter the Sancta Sanctorum
in the Temple of Jerusalem. He also took part in the
first Council of Jerusalem “as the first after St. Peter”
during which he abolished the Law of Moses. For
this reason, even St. Paul called him “a pillar of the
Church and of the Faith”. Because of his resemblance
to Jesus, many pilgrims came to Jerusalem to see
him quasi vivam Christi effigiem. What is more, the
sick who touched the fringe of St. James’s cloak
were healed in the same way as the bleeding women
by Jesus Christ. After twenty nine years of service
in the church of Jerusalem, St. James died and was
buried in the vicinity of this temple.
After his death, St. Simeon, the other member of
the terrestrial family of Jesus, became his successor
on the épiscopal throne of Jerusalem. In keeping
with tradition, Simeon - as a nephew of St. Joseph
— was adopted by the Blessed Virgin, with whom he
often prayed and contemplated the divine mysteries.
He also visited the Holy Sepulchre and shed tears
18 Ibidem, pp. 21 -22: “Acceptapretiosissimo Sanguine exarata Cruce
Sanctus Jacobus à Maria, expectavitfirma fide. Resurrectionem Christi
de Sepulchrojejunus, quam firmám fidem et ardens desiderium ipsius,
Christus de Sepulchro Resurgens, triumphaliter coronavit. Nam ap-
paruit ei, et tulit panem, benedixit, fregit, et dedit Jacobo Justo, dicens
ei: Frater mi, comede panem tuum, quia resurrexit Filius hominis à
dormientibus: ubi autem post Resurrectionem suam Christus Jacobo
apparuit, ibi in honorem ipsius Christiani postmodum Ecclesiam
erexeruntl’
19 Ibidem, p. 23: “Factus Episcopus Clericos Reguläres in Ecclesia
Hierosolymitana instituit, quos et vitae Apostolicae normám edocuit,
simulq(ue); penes Ulam Ecclesiam, quam Apostoli ex coenaculo in
Dornum orationis consecrasse traduntur, simulcum ipsis cohabitavitl'
P. 25: “Ende adEpiscopalis dignitatis ornamentům, Sanctus Jacobus
praeter hoc, quod utebatur lineo Ephod, quod erat cum strictis manicis,
uttestatur Sanctus Hieronymus, informamq(ue) Rnchetti; tum praeter
stolam ejusdem Sancti Apostoli, quam diutissimè conservatam esse,
gestavit laminam aureamP

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