Newton, Charles Thomas [Editor]; British Museum [Editor]: The collection of ancient Greek inscriptions in the British Museum (2) (Oxford: Clarendon, 1883)

RHODES.

KA 0Xau. ’ ApiariSas ’ApiariTwrov
parov KO 0Xau. ’Aprepiaia KaXXiKpare(ys)
evs KH ’lovXios ‘PaivtXas A^oicovtSevs
’Ay-qro^v) KZ 'lepocftcov AcoaiObov TXcbos
KK KXav. ' Y^ikXtjs § KaO’ v. [loaiScoviov
KE ’lovXios QaiviXas MoiowtOevs
va KA Ovqpavta NiKaaaa KXevKpa.
KT KXav. Mvaaayopas KaXXiarpdro(y)
KXapo. "F ’Idauxv TlvOaybpa
tov KXavSia Aapo. . . KpartSevs ?
cvy B EvKparqs ’ AvriXeovros ’A a.
T 0Xau. MeXavOios EvavSpov
ov A KXav. ' Y^ikXtjs KaO’ v. lloa^iSaiviov
E KXav. QiXoKparrjS ’AyaO.. parov
K Ovqpavta NiKaaaa KXevKpar.
Z <t>Xavtov ApaKOvros ’AnoX . tov
Olottov H Ar] yqr ptov Kaaaidra KXapo.
Xmviov O KXav. ’ Avriirarpos ApaKovros
/CXjapo. I ’ A ptaninros B
ov I [a] Aiovvaios § KaO’ v. Octavos
This inscription contains part of a calendar, T/pepo-
Xoyiov, in which each day of a succession of months
is entered, according to the usual arrangement, in
decades. In the first two decades the numerals
proceed in regular order from A to I and from IA to
K ; in the last decade, after KA the order of the
numerals is reversed, KT being the 28th day of the
month and KO the 22nd. Of the months still pre-
served on the stone, either wholly or in part, two
consist of 30 and three of 29 days.
The last day of each month is indicated by the
monogram f, = rpiaKas. The months of 30 days
are distinguished by the monogram rfi, = 7rporpiaKas,
(see Ideler, Handbuch d. Chronologie, i, p. 415,
C. I. 1562) intervening between KT the 28th and f
the 30th day. In the Athenian calendar the months
of 30 days, called 7rXr]peis, ‘full months,’ alternated
with the months of 29 days, koiXol, ‘ hollow months,’
except in the case of the 3rd and 4th months, Boe-
dromion and Pyanepsion, both of which were full
months. Whether in our inscription the same order
of succession of full and hollow months prevailed
cannot be ascertained, because we do not know what
number of months are missing.
On the left of the numeral A, which indicates the
first day of the month, is a monogram which we may
assume to contain the name of the month. The
names of the twelve Rhodian months being known
to us, we may decipher these monograms thus :
line 53, col. b, stands for ’ Aprapinos.
A line 17, col. c, stands for 1 YaKivOios.
Ia| line 47, col. c, stands for lldvapos.
or Ib] line 39, col. <7, may be ilavapos Sevrepos,
but the monogram is very indistinct.
There remains one more monogram, line 24, col. b,
which I have failed to decipher satisfactorily, but it
may possibly be A, representing ’Aypiavios. The
order of the Rhodian months, which is not known to
us at present, would probably have been ascertained
approximately, if we had not unfortunately lost the
remainder of this inscription.

KE A7TV

KT
KXav. Mvaaayopas KaXXiarparov
K
KXa
rrP
KXav. Mvaaayopas [/C]aXXiarparov Z
AyX
45
f
0Xau. Moipayevqs TipoOiKOv
H
’lov
Ia! A
cbiXiaKos ’ AXegavSpov
O
0
B
KpartSas NavaiKov
1
Pt?
r
KXav. ’Avrirrarpos ApaKovros
IA
KXe
A
Noptav M evcKparevs
IB
1>iX
5o
E
, / A f
Aapayopas Aiovvaiov P
ir
QXa
K
7ou. Moipayevqs Zqvoavos KXa.
IA
’A pi
Z
0Xau. ' Yr/siKXqs Avaiarparov
IE
’lov
H
’ lov. QaivtXas M oicoviSevs
IK
KaX . .
O
Aapayopas Aiovvaiov P°
IZ
0Xau..
55
1
0Xav. ’'Ayqros [K^Xiaipfipbrov
IH
KXav
1 A
0Xav. ’ AXe^avSpos Nopcavos
10
KXav8
IB
Aapayopas Aiovvaiov P°
K
Aiovv
ir
Aiovvaiofy B KaO’ v. Kpv. KA
Tiros
1A
Zcapev-qs Noptovos Bpaai.
K0
Alov
60
IE
Moaytcav ©[ejcoj/oy KaO’ v. "Aaaov
KH
KXav
IK
KXav. KXevKpdrqs TipoO'iKov
KZ
Za>a
IZ
KK
Kpar

The next point to be considered is, with what
object was the Rhodian calendar engraved on the
marble ? Opposite to each day in each month is
entered a name. These names are all masculine,
except in four or five cases, where female names
occur (see lines 45, 50, 53, 58, col. b; lines 23, 26, 27,
30, 33, col. r). The persons so entered are, it is to
be presumed, for the most part Rhodian citizens;
though it is only in a few cases that the deme seems
to be indicated. Only two can be certainly recog-
nised as foreigners by the addition of the ethnic or
gentile adjective written in full after their names.
After the names Hierophon and Menander, sons of
Dositheos (lines 47, col. b, 38, col. r) we find the word
rXcoo?, a Tloan. In line 60, col. b, Arjpqrptov Kaaaidtra
must indicate the neighbouring island of Kassos as
the place of which Demetrios was a native. In other
cases the name or patronymic is followed by a mono-
gram which probably represents a Rhodian deme or
dependency in the Peraea or adjacent islands.
The number of persons, male and female, entered
in the portion of the calendar which is preserved,
amounts to 63, of whom nearly half have a Roman
praenomen.
From the predominance of Flavius among these
praenomina it may be inferred that the inscription is
not earlier than the reign of Vespasian.
Throughout these entries the name is entered in
the nominative, followed as usual by the patronymic
in the genitive, except in the following instances :—
<PXavtov ApaKovros, col. b, line 59, Aqp/qrptov Kaaaitnra,
col. b, line 60, 0Xau. '/epo/cXeuy viov M&.KvXatov, lines
20, 24, col. c. In the case of seventeen persons the
same name recurs in more than one entry. The name
of Julius Phainilas son of Moionides is entered ten
times (see lines 20, 24, 33, 46, 49, col. b: lines 5,
18, 36, 37, 54, col. r). Flavia Artemisia occurs six
times: see line 45, col. b\ lines 23, 26, 27, 30, 33,
col. c. Damagoras son of Dionysios (col. r, lines 17,
51, 55, 58), Claudius Mnasagoras son of Kallistratos
(col. b, line 51 : col. c, lines 14, 44, 45), and Flavius