Newton, Charles Thomas [Hrsg.]; British Museum [Hrsg.]: The collection of ancient Greek inscriptions in the British Museum (3): Priene, Iasos and Ephesos (Oxford: Clarendon, 1890)

EPHESOS.

8Γ

r€O7roi€ti/, &c. Bockh on C. I. 2810 from Aphrodisias,
speaking of documents of Roman times, says ‘ locis
prope omnibus NΕΟΠΟΙΟΣ est in schedis ex quibus
Aphrodisiensia edidi: ’ but he everywhere corrects
it into ρβωποίό?. The evidence from Aphrodisias is
certainly conflicting: but the uniform witness of the
Ephesian marbles in favour of νεοποιοί proves that
Bockh was wrong in correcting all his copies into
νεωποιοί(see C. I. 2782, 2785, 2795, 2837, &c.)*. From
No. dlxxviii it appears that the board at Ephesos
numbered twelve members, two being chosen an-
nually from each tribe; the first member from the
first tribe (Έφεσεΐς) gave his name to their year
(ibidd). Similarly at Iasos the νεωποίαι were ap-
pointed one from each tribe (Hellen. Journal, viii,
1887, p. 105). The election of neopoioi seems to
have been made by the ekklesia (see No. dlxx).
The office was one of some dignity and also of a
sacred character, and is accordingly very often
mentioned, especially in ex votos and dedications
(Nos. dlxvi, foil.). At Samos likewise the ι^ωποΓαί
repeatedly made dedications to Hera : see note
on No. dlxvi. It is probable that the neopoioi,
although theirs was not a liturgy but a magistracy,
were expected to be men of considerable means.
At least it is clear from No. dlxxix b, and from the
similar document there cited from Waddington-
Le Bas, that there were occasions when citizens
volunteered to serve the office : ot& ένεοποίησαν . . .
αυθαίρετοι. It is doubtful whether this merely arose
through vacancies caused by death or resignation;
or whether it points to a lack of wealth or of public
spirit. The functions of the board at Ephesos
partly appear from the examples already cited,
and are further illustrated by the Salutaris bequest
(No. cccclxxxi) ; where in lines 292 foil., and 391
foil, the neopoioi (or at least two of the board) are
directed to accompany the procession of images from
the pronaos of the Artemision, and to see that they
are safely brought back to the temple. Also in line
381 it is provided that when the images are cleaned
by the proper functionary with plate-powder (αργν-
ρωμαπκη), two of the neopoioi are to be present. The
reason is obviously that these images formed part
of the furniture of the temple, of which the neopoioi
were wardens.
’/jyoparo/wf.
It may be assumed that the office of άγορανόμος
was an important one. In No. dlxxv it is held by
a member of the gerousia, and in No. dlii by another
person of some consequence. In No. dlxxii the
aorist άγο~\ρανομη\σας shows that it was an annual
office, and probably elective : so in No. dccviii,
άγορα^νομή^σαντα. No. dclvi (see the note) speaks of
a tomb being built προς το άγορανόμιν : the inscription
is a late one, and we may suppose at that period the
offices of the agoranomoi were somewhere on the
north side of the city, between the north city-gate

and the Artemision. The general duties of the office
appear from the language of Aristotle (Politics vii, 8,
$ 3 = 132 1 b, 12) πρώτον μεν οΰν επιμέλεια των αναγκαίων
η περί την αγοράν, εφ η δει τινα αρχήν είναι την έφορώσαν
περί τε τά συμβόλαια και την εύκοσμίαν,—and he pre-
sently classes the άγορανόμοι with αστυνόμοι. The
decree of the third century in honour of Agathokles
of Rhodes (No. cccclv) shows that the Ephesian
agoranomos superintended the business of the mar-
ket. In this decree ό άγορανόμος is probably the
chairman of the board: the market of Ephesos
would be too important for one man to superintend
it, and in other cities the plural number is used.
At Olbia there were five agoranomoi (C. I. 2078);
at Athens, Mesambria, Tralles there were two
(Bockh, Staatsh. i, 70; C. I. 2053; Bulletin de Corr.
Hell, i, 55). As we do not hear of any αστυνόμοι at
Ephesos, it is probable that the agoranomoi, besides
being inspectors of the market, of weights and
measures, and so on, were also responsible for the
police of the streets as well as of the agora.
Στρατηγοί.
The strategoi appear, in the extant documents
from Ephesos, solely in the character of civil magis-
trates. In the decree respecting Mithradates, b.c. 86,
(Waddington-Le Bas, No. 136zz; Hicks, Manual, No.
205) they are named with the γραμματεύς της βουλής
and the πρόεδροι as drafting a decree and proposing it
to the ekklesia. In the Salutaris decrees, a.d. 104,
(No. cccclxxxi, lines 7, 307) the strategoi exercise
the same function, but in company with the γραμματεύς
του δήμου alone. They appear in the same connexion
in No. cccclxxxii b, which is dated a. d. 160. In
No. dxxviii, which is unhappily incomplete, the stra-
tegoi are again named in conjunction with the
γραμματεύς του δήμου as concerned in some contract
for public works. In other words, from the first
century b.c. onwards, the strategoi at Ephesos, as in
other Greek cities, were the chief civil magistrates.
We have no information as to their number, but
perhaps, as at Athens, it corresponded to the number
of the tribes. How early their office ceased to be
concerned with warfare, we cannot exactly say. The
inscriptions show that at Priene and at Erythrae the
strategoi retained some relics of their original func-
tions together with the powers of the chief civil
magistrate (see p. 35 and p. 53 ante).
Γραμματεϊς βουλής, γερουσίας, δήμου.
Already in discussing the character of the boule
and gerousia we have had occasion to speak of
their γραμματείς. They were themselves members
of their respective boards, and possessed of con-
siderable influence. The γραμματεύς της βουλής is
mentioned in the Salutaris bequest (No. cccclxxxi,
lines 128, 187) and in No. dxcvi b. The γραμ-
ματεύς της γερουσίας is named in Nos. cccclxxxvi,
DLXXXVII ; compare DLXXVII a. The γραμματεύς του

PART III.

Not less irregular is the form ΝΕΟΚΟΡΟΣ, in Nos. d, dxvii (where see notes).

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