K ΝI D Ο S.

I I

aus der Sittengeschichte Roms ii5, p. 75 foil. The
epithet is to be found connected with athletes in
an important document from the Isthmian Sanc-
tuary, C. I. Gr. No. 1104: καταλύσει? τοΐ? από
τη? οικουμένη? έπι τά ’Ίσθμια παραγεινομένοι? άθληταΐ?
κατεσκεύασεν; here however the meaning may be
somewhat different. The formula occurs in an
Olympian dedication of the year 85 b.c. (Arch. Zeit.
XXXIV, p. 56, No. 13) : [τώρ από s* οίκουμένη? άθλη-
[τώρ ό] σύμπα? ξυστό? [οί παραγ~]ενόμενοι έπι τον [αγώνα]
τών ’ Ολυμπίων Ό[λυ/Ζ7τ/]ά& σι/ και ή ιερά σύνο¬
δο?: and again in an inscription from Tralles, C. I. Gr.
No. 2931 : ή φιλοσέβαστο? γερουσία και οί νέοι και ή
Όλυμπική σύνοδο? των από τη? οίκουμένη? ιερονεικων και
στεφανειτων. This Association of Athletes travelled
about like the Dramatic Guilds, and this accounts
for the expression περιπολιστικη σύνοδο? found in two
inscriptions from Naples and from Aphrodisias
respectively, C. I. Gr. 5804 (= Kaibel, Inscr. Gr.
Ital. et Sicil. No. 747), and Waddington-Le Bas,
No. 1620.
In the time of Hadrian there existed at Rome,
under the favour of the Emperor, a σύνοδο? ξυστική των
περί τόν'Ηρακλέα αθλητών, ιερονεικων, στεφανειτων (com-
pare C. I. Gr. No. 59°6 foil. = Kaibel, loc. cit. Nos.
1054 foil., IIO5, IIO9, and the ιερά σύνοδο? των Ήρα-
κλεϊστών at Pagae, Foucart-Le Bas, ii, No. 16). In
several of these inscriptions the σύμπα? ξυστό? seems
identical with the σύνοδο? (C. I. Gr. 5906, 5908
foil.). On the other hand in an inscription from
Aphrodisias (Waddington-Le Bas, iii, No. 1620), a
σύμπα? ξυστό? is named after the Emperor Hadrian1
and is certainly a regular association. Our inscrip-
tion also makes it certain that the athletes από τη?
οικουμένη? formed a regular guild, and such we must
consider to have been the character of the σύμπα?
ξυστό? of the Olympian inscription, though Ditten-
berger is of a contrary opinion.
As to the details of our inscription, the best
parallel is furnished by the stone from Aphrodisias
quoted above, according to which an Athletic As-
sociation sends a decree in honour of an athlete of
that town. Recently this inscription has been dis-
cussed by O. Liermann in Analecta Epigraphica et
Agonistica, Dissert. Halens., 1889, p. 70 foil. The
date of all the inscriptions of this class seems to be
the end of the first and the second century a. d.
Line 6. Cs· τά γραμματέα]. This recalls a passage in

Hadrian’s letter to the Corporation at Rome, κελεύσω
δοθηναι ύμΐν και οίκημα ώ? τά γράμματα άποτίθεσθαι τά
κοινά, C. I. Gr. No. 59°6 ; CP· No. 5907-
Line 8. From this it appears that the Athletes
had Epistatae; from other inscriptions we learn that
the Corporation was presided over by a priest άρχιε-
ρεύ? του σύνπαντο? ξυστού (C. I. Gr. Nos. 5804, 59°6
foil.). Similarly a ίερεύ? was the foremost official of
those Dramatic Associations, whose organisation has
been so fully discussed by Luders and Foucart (see
Hicks above, loc. cit.). The Archiereus was at
the same time ξυστάρχη? (C. I. Gr. Nos. 5909, 5911
= Kaibel, loc. cit. Nos. 1105, mo; compare Lier-
mann, I. c. p. 96) and even προστάτη? (C. I. Gr. No.
5908). The Epistatae must have had the same
functions as the Archontes of this last inscription
(C. I. Gr. No. 5908), who, like the Epistatae, were
charged with the erection of an honorary statue.
For this purpose one Epistates is appointed at
Argos in a decree (113 b.c.) issued by the associa-
tion των περ'ι τον Διόνυσον τεχνιτών τών έξ Ισθμού και
Νεμέα? τη? έν ’Άργει. (See Revue Archdol. 1870-
1871, vol. xxii, p. 107 foil. = Foucart-Le Bas, ii,
No. ιιό#.)
As regards what follows I must confess that I
hardly see the meaning; my restorations therefore
are for the most part conjectural.
Line 10. This may be nothing more than an
elaborate phrase for the early death of Eubulos, but
see line 12; and moreover φθόνο?, jealousy, is ex-
pressly pointed out as the enemy of the great athlete
at Aphrodisias as well as at Rome (C. I. Gr. No.
5913 = Kaibel, loc. cit. No. 1102), where the man,
after six years of glorious exploits, retired at the age
of twenty-five years, διά τού? συμβάντα? μοι κινδύνου?
και φθόνου? ; which gives us an interesting glance into
the life of such men.
A Knidian Eubulos, of a much earlier date than
ours, is found on coins (see Mionnet, Description, iii,
p. 341, No. 220; cp. Newton, Discov. p. 359, note
p), and an Eubulos in the time of Augustus occurs
in the famous inscription found at A sty pal sea (Bull,
de Corr. Hell, vii, p. 62 foil.).
Line 13. Compare in Waddington-Le Bas, No.
1620, lines 23 foil. : δπω? ποιησωμεθα τού μεγάλου Ιερο-
νείκου €ΐκόι/[ω^] αναθέσει? καί άνδρειά[ν]το? άνάστασιν.
Line 14. Waddington-Le Bas, loc. cit. έχουσών τών
τειμών έπιγραφά? τά? προσηκούσα? τώ Καλλικράτ[ει.

1 This also, apparently in accordance with the usage of Dramatic Corporations (C. I. Gr. No. 6785 foil. - Kaibel, toe. cit. No.
2495 foil., and above, No. xlix) is entitled the Adriana Antonina. The same title recurs in an inscription lately found at Heiacleia
Pontica, which I published in Monatsberichte d. Berl. Akad. 1888, p. 882, where lines 20 foil, ought to be read: ^v rij Upa
ημών 'Adpiavfi ’Αντ[ω]ι/€ί[ι/?7] 7Γβρι[7Τθλ(]στικ# μεγάλη [απο οί]κο[υ/ζ6ΐ^77[ί ?] συνόδω. 1 share the doubt of Ml. Hicks toe. Cit.
whether No. xlix belongs really to Athens.