DOI Heft:
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DOI Artikel:Kasprzak, Aleksandra J.: The Radziwiłłs of Nieśwież: a contribution to industrial "Mecenate" in the first half of the 18th century
DOI Seite / Zitierlink: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.18948#0088
and cut decoration. As a result, crystalline glass products were madę which
were presented to royal visitors to their great admiration. In the thirties and
forties the glassworks in Naliboki initiated a fashion for glass sets for several
dozen people. At the same time, the craftsmen from Naliboki were probably
responsible for creating the characteristic shape of a toast chalice, uniąue
for Polish baroąue. The engraved decorations were not limited to heraldic
motifs, but ornaments with elements of flora and fauna also appeared on glass.
Craftsmen working in the same workshops cut semiprecious Stones, specialising
in smaller forms, such as seal pistons. Another characteristic product of the
glassworks in the thirties were multi-candled chandeliers and candelabra
decorated with many lustres of both coloured and non-coloured glass.
In the twenties in Biała, during modernisation and reconstruction of the
pałace supervised by the Princess, new workshops were built: stucco, locksmith’s,
carpenter’s, painting, embroidery, which in time gained independence. In the
thirties the carpenter’s workshop employed carpenters from various centres,
such as Dresden, Pomerania, Konigsberg. The workshop in Biała produced
mainly panellmg and furniture of Saxon type - library bookcases, cabinets,
tables and chairs, often decorated with mirrors, with fashionable ornamentation
imitating Chinese lacąuer, not only for the Biała pałace but also on commission.
In the same period an iron foundry near Sławacinek was established and in
the second half of the twenties two water polisher’s shops of semiprecious
Stones, a sawmill, a mili and goldsmith’s were located in Porosiuki near Biała.
One of the water polisher’s shops was probably built by Krzysztof Lotwezer
[Lottyeyzen], a Saxon “miller”,12 while a painter by the name of Fischer,
probably also brought from Saxony, was entrusted with operation of the
cutter’s shop and the goldsmith’s. These works specialised in production of
smali objects like cups with saucers, tureens, goblets, sabre hilts, seal pistons,
often ornamented with jewels and noble metals. It was to Biała where, in the
thirties, a part of the Naliboki glassworks was to be moved, as well as the
grindery and the engravery. This plan was not carried into effect but there is
no doubt that glass was cut and engraved in Biała on special commission as a
list of craftsmen workmg for the pałace includes an engrayer and a fully
eąuipped workshop. In the early thirties a weaving-mill in Biała supplied cloth
to the garrison in Biała and to the carpet workshop in Cycybork, where mostly
carpets and upholstery were woven.
In 1735 Anna Radziwiłł, after sixteen years of supervision, beąueathed
to her adult sons the family estates, with largely paid off debts, retaining
a right to manage only the lands given her in perpetuity, such as Biała, Naliboki
and other lands on Niemen and Urzecze in the principality of Słuck. In the
latter part of her life the Princess limited her activities to selected estates and
concentrated solely on plans and ideas of her own, concerning mostly location
of manufactures.
12 A medianie, also responsible for building in 1737 a polisher’s shop of semiprecious Stones in
Jankowicze and in 1738-1740 a cutter’s shop and polishing works in the mirror works in Urzecze.
82
were presented to royal visitors to their great admiration. In the thirties and
forties the glassworks in Naliboki initiated a fashion for glass sets for several
dozen people. At the same time, the craftsmen from Naliboki were probably
responsible for creating the characteristic shape of a toast chalice, uniąue
for Polish baroąue. The engraved decorations were not limited to heraldic
motifs, but ornaments with elements of flora and fauna also appeared on glass.
Craftsmen working in the same workshops cut semiprecious Stones, specialising
in smaller forms, such as seal pistons. Another characteristic product of the
glassworks in the thirties were multi-candled chandeliers and candelabra
decorated with many lustres of both coloured and non-coloured glass.
In the twenties in Biała, during modernisation and reconstruction of the
pałace supervised by the Princess, new workshops were built: stucco, locksmith’s,
carpenter’s, painting, embroidery, which in time gained independence. In the
thirties the carpenter’s workshop employed carpenters from various centres,
such as Dresden, Pomerania, Konigsberg. The workshop in Biała produced
mainly panellmg and furniture of Saxon type - library bookcases, cabinets,
tables and chairs, often decorated with mirrors, with fashionable ornamentation
imitating Chinese lacąuer, not only for the Biała pałace but also on commission.
In the same period an iron foundry near Sławacinek was established and in
the second half of the twenties two water polisher’s shops of semiprecious
Stones, a sawmill, a mili and goldsmith’s were located in Porosiuki near Biała.
One of the water polisher’s shops was probably built by Krzysztof Lotwezer
[Lottyeyzen], a Saxon “miller”,12 while a painter by the name of Fischer,
probably also brought from Saxony, was entrusted with operation of the
cutter’s shop and the goldsmith’s. These works specialised in production of
smali objects like cups with saucers, tureens, goblets, sabre hilts, seal pistons,
often ornamented with jewels and noble metals. It was to Biała where, in the
thirties, a part of the Naliboki glassworks was to be moved, as well as the
grindery and the engravery. This plan was not carried into effect but there is
no doubt that glass was cut and engraved in Biała on special commission as a
list of craftsmen workmg for the pałace includes an engrayer and a fully
eąuipped workshop. In the early thirties a weaving-mill in Biała supplied cloth
to the garrison in Biała and to the carpet workshop in Cycybork, where mostly
carpets and upholstery were woven.
In 1735 Anna Radziwiłł, after sixteen years of supervision, beąueathed
to her adult sons the family estates, with largely paid off debts, retaining
a right to manage only the lands given her in perpetuity, such as Biała, Naliboki
and other lands on Niemen and Urzecze in the principality of Słuck. In the
latter part of her life the Princess limited her activities to selected estates and
concentrated solely on plans and ideas of her own, concerning mostly location
of manufactures.
12 A medianie, also responsible for building in 1737 a polisher’s shop of semiprecious Stones in
Jankowicze and in 1738-1740 a cutter’s shop and polishing works in the mirror works in Urzecze.
82