CHAPTER XII

tfie final conflicts among the greek states and

their higher life after pericles

cTion 41. Spartan Leadership and the Decline
of Democracy

^e long struggle of Athens for the political leadership of 396. Spartan
^ Greek world had failed. It now remained to be seen *e
ether her victorious rival, Sparta, was any better suited to oligarchy and

Utldp t democracy

ueuake such leadership. Military garrisons commanded by

cUst^°TE' aDove headpiece shows us one of the streets where it was the
Was°m °f both the Greeks and Romans (Fig. 94, H, K) to bury their dead. It
both°"tside the Dipylon Gate (Plan, p. 188), on the sacred way leading to Eleusis,
Sldes of which were lined for some distance with marble tombstones. The
ac an Sulla (§609). in his Eastern war, while besieging Athens, piled up earth as
The Seway leading to the top of the wall of Athens (see Plan, p. 188) at this point.
du Part.oi trie cemetery which he covered with earth was thus preserved, to be
stre °Utmodern times — the only surviving portion of such an ancient Greek
TheCt 01 tombs. In this cemetery the Athenians of Socrates' day were buried.
the tn°"Ument at the left shows a brave Athenian youth on horseback, charging
ye a"er> enemy. He was slain in the Corinthian War and buried here a few
rs after the death of Socrates (§ 41S).