Brugsch, Heinrich
Egypt under the pharaohs: a history derived entirely from the monuments
— London, 1891
Zitieren dieser Seite
Bitte zitieren Sie diese Seite, indem Sie folgende Adresse (URL)/folgende DOI benutzen:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.5066#0187
DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.5066#0187
Schmutztitel
Frontispiz
Titelblatt
Titelblatt
EGYPT UNDER THE PHARAOHS
Preface
Contents
XI
List of Kings, with their Cartouches.....xix
…
Objects of this book—Great antiquity of the kingdom of Egypt—
…
Thinis, the ancient seat of government—Mena, the first king—
XII
—User-en-Ba—The tomb of TH—Men-kau-Hor—Assa—The
…
Twelfth Dynasty of Theban origin—Amen-em-hat I.—A period of
…
Succession of the Egyptian dynasties—Sebek-hotep I. and his suc-
XIII
THE HYKSOS.
…
against the Zahi—Peace restored to Egypt—Bock-tablet in-
…
hotep I.—His wars—Tehuti-mes I.—Wars in Asia and the
…
The king's warlike tendencies—Thirteen campaigns in twenty
XIV
Amen-hotep II. goes to war with the ' Bed Land '—Naharain and the
…
Habfi—The ' vocal Memnon '—Temple at Kak—Elephantine-
…
Rising of the Kheta—Short account of that people—List of con-
XV
The Sesostris of the Greeks—Completion of Seti I.'s temple at
…
Ramses II. a great builder—Inscription near Second Cataract—
…
Ramses III.—Resume" of his life from the Harris Papyrus—His
Karte
XVIII
SKETCH MAP OF DYNASTIES.
Table of the princiapl kings of ancient Egypt, with their cartouches
XXII
THE PRINCIPAL KINGS,
…
A gap which comprises more than 500 vears, and during which the time of the Hyksos falls.
XXIV
THE PRINCIPAL KINGS,
XXVI
THE PRINCIPAL KINGS,
XXVIII
THE PEINCIPAL KINGS
Chapter I: Introductory
3
that bridge of nations the Isthmus of Suez, to find a
…
support to this hypothesis, for the primitive roots and
…
But it is not to Ethiopian priests that the Egyptian
15
it is possible that they are all included under the general
…
The difference between the extreme dates is enor-
16
of the kings served, and still serves, in spite of its cor-
…
means of doing so more exactly. The Tablet of Abydos,
Chapter II: Dynasties I-IV
Chapter III: Dynasties V-XI
44
44 THE MAXIMS OF PTAII-IIOTEP ch. hi.
…
A record worthy of remembrance is preserved in
…
because of this, the first in thy city ; and if the people know thee on
…
a man ever leave the coffin after having once entered it 1
45
The last Pharaoh of the dynasty bore the name of
…
[The Mastabat-el-Farun, first explored by Mariette,
48
city of the pyramids.' By this place is evidently meant
…
The long inscription from Una's grave enlightens the
50
mention noblemen whom this king had distinguished
…
'the noblest and most beautiful woman of her time,
…
the body of Men-kau-Ea in the lower chamber, and
51
tained in the upper one.]
…
A period of confusion now follows, during which,
…
like one of his ancestors (his name on the monuments is
…
The kings to whom Mentu-hotep belonged were of
Chapter IV: Dynasty XII
60
60 INSCRIPTION OF AMENI ch. it.
…
Let them recite the prayer of the offerings of the dead.
…
his enemies in the country of the Atu. I went up with him as the
61
byn. xii. INSCRIPTION OF AMENI 61
…
My father praised me. After that I again went up (the river)
…
my days, not even in the years of famine, for I had tilled all the
65
court, all executed in well-hewn limestone from the
…
pleasant as a palm-tree. My lord entrusted to me a commission
…
A stone memorial discovered in Abydos has pre-
67
this queen's name appears again in the following
…
After a reign of twenty-nine years the king asso-
…
here and there upon the monuments. We may con-
…
His first virtue consisted in this : that he was a benefactor (5) to
68
in his tomb (7) of the world below (i.e. the necropolis). He made
…
had suppressed (37) the insurrection, manifesting himself like the-
72
72 ARRIVAL OF AAMU VISITORS ch. iv.
…
of the Cynopolitan nome, situated to the north of the
…
Usertsen III. was a name
…
ao-ainst the inhabitants of the negro-land of Cush, in hopes
73
paigns comparatively far southward, but the complete
…
with the exception of the ships which are laden with cattle, goats,
74
(Qasr Ibrim), and gives it a distance of 310 Eoman
…
instituted, which were to be offered yearly on the great
Chapter V: Dynasties XIII-XVIII
89
Unfortunately almost all the names are in such, a
…
place by the help of the Tablet from the Hall of
90
GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF A DISTINGUISHED FAMILY, RELATED TO SOME MEMBERS OF THE THIRTEENTH DYNASTY.
…
(mother of the king) (queen) | (king) (prince) I I (domina)
…
(queen) I (king) (king) (princess regent) (princess) [' head of the thirty'] . I (domina)
…
king)
…
(royal grandchild) (governor of Eilcithyia) I (princess)
…
* The asterisk denotes that the bearers of the names to which it is attached were women.
…
Succession op the Euros.
…
! * 29. A),
92
■92 LIST OF DYNASTY XIII. AT KARNAK oh. v.
…
For it appears to contain only the names of those
…
known to us from the wall of the rock-hewn tomb
Chapter VI: The Hyksos
104
THE HYESOS.
105
B-ra. xv.-xvn. PEOBABLE DERIVATION OF ' HYKSOS' 105
…
Last of all Asseth (or Aseth, Ases, Assis) 49 yrs. 2 months
…
invented for themselves and assumed it on account of
108
108 CONCLUSIONS CONCERNING THE HYKSOS ch. vi.
…
II. These chose as their capitals the cities of Zoan
…
III. They adopted not only the manners and cus-
110
Page I. (1) ' It came to pass that the land of Kamit belonged
…
curred the special displeasure of the tyrant of Avaris,
…
declared himself prepared for all, but had added a
111
The messenger of Apepi, thus addressed, first an-
…
his great and chief men, likewise the captains and generals who
112
112 THE REVOLT AGAINST THE HYKSOS ch. vi.
…
here to see where the land lies open' (nudata castra).
113
GENEALOGY OF THE FAMILY OF THE CAPTAIN OF THE SAILORS, AAHMES.
…
of the of Amen)
…
•a
…
N.B.—The names marked with an asterisk (*) are those of women,
114
114 TOMB OF AAHMES, SON OF BABA ch. ti.
…
in the city of Nekheb (Eileithyia). My father was a captain of the
…
' (15) They besieged the town Sherohan in the year VI. His
115
DOT. sv.-xyii. CAPTURE OF AVAPJS 115
…
their herds. I carried off a living prisoner and brought him to
116
116 THE TAA oh. vi..
…
' (40) Now I have lived many days and have reached a grey old
…
which the Abbot Papyrus strengthens.1
121
Dm xv.-xvn. TOMB OF BABA AT EL-KAB 121
…
It must be remembered that in the days of the
…
sisters loved me. I went out of the door of my house with a benevo-
122
recognise a general way of speaking in the narrative
…
' Governor of the district of the place of life.'
123
btn. xt.-xvii. THE TALE OF THE TWO BROTHERS 123
…
The Tale of the Two Brothers in the D'Orbiney
…
seed corn from the, village ;' and the young brother found the
…
been to me like a mother, and thy husband like a father, for he is
…
time, then will I not tell it this time, and no word of it shall come
Chapter VII: Dynastia XVIII
127
GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE PHARAOHS OF THE EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY AND THEIR WIVES. §
…
i a
…
Note.—The names marked by an asterisk are those of women. Queen Hatshcpsu is not numbered in the series, as she was not ^7,
129
ciently protected the eastern frontier of the low-
…
the monuments, by the side of Aahmes there appear,
132
On several monuments she is represented with a black
…
According to all appearances Amen-hotep was a
133
the brave warrior Aalimes the son of Abana took part
…
He had by his consort Aah-hotep a son, who was his
…
His name, written by the Greeks Thotmosis, means
134
134 WAR WITH THE LIBYAN TEIBES OH. ra.
…
' Tehuti-mes I. had taken possession of the throne of Horus, in
135
' Peace is now there, because the inhabitants of the southern lands-
…
1 Possibly an allusion to the great bend of the river at Gebel Barkal.
136
136 SONG OF THE NEGROES oh. to.
…
Hail to thee ! king of Egypt, | Sun of the foreign people !
…
It puts to shame the peoples.
…
It may be as well to say a little about these
139
In the conduct of war also their Asiatic neighbours
…
the works begun by his forefathers at Karnak.
140
of their father, Tehuti-mes. The elder was already able
…
After the death of his father the eldest son,
142
reposed near their parents the princess Kheb-neferu-Ka,
…
The first deed of the new woman-king shows her
144
144 ARRIVAL OF THE EGYPTIAN FLEET oh. tii
…
whose feet stately herds of cattle peacefully reposed.
146
146 RETURN OF THE EGYPTIAN FLEET oh. tii.
…
to the shore by the natives. Six men toiled under the
Chapter VIII: Dynasty XVIII - continued
156
156 THE BATTLE OF MEGIDDO oh. ttii.
…
Fragment 3.—'(1) Aa-lu-na. The rear-guard of the brave
…
morrow morning, because . . . ." (13) assembled at the tent of
157
dyn. xviii. ESCAPE OF THE KINGS 157
…
the people had barricaded the town itself on account of [the deeds
…
without into this town, oh that the warriors of the king had not
…
which had been made in the land of the Asebi (Cyprus), were made
…
in gold and silver, and [all other things]. Then spake the king :
158
158 TRIBUTE OF THE CONQUERED PRINCES ch. tiii.
…
costly inlaid work, fine cloth, and armour. The princes
160
160 THE FEASTS OF AMEN AT THEBES ch. viii.
…
tops. The broad surfaces served to receive the records
…
Another inscription, still fairly preserved, gives a
…
The king dedicated to the god rich presents and
163
urn xvin. TOMB OF AMENEMHEB 163
…
Then when his Majesty went to the land of Naharain (5) I
…
(8) Again I fought hand to hand in that campaign against the
…
vants. He took (14) Kadesh. I did not remove from the place
…
ances, on account of the strength of [his] arm [. . . land . . .]
164
(19) Again I admired his strength against the land of Takhis,.
…
(22) Again [I admired] another extraordinary deed, which the
165
king Amen-hotep II. (may he live for ever !) (39) placed in the seat
…
' I know thy worth. I lay still yet in the cradle as [the child]
166
166 LIST OF THE KING'S CAMPAIGNS ch. Yin.
…
29 V. The points of attack were the towns of Tunep
…
30 VI. Against Ruthen. The cities of Kadesh, Semyra,
…
memorial stones were set up at the river.
…
32 VIII. Against Ruthen, for the levying of the war-tax
…
Against the land of Zahi.
…
Zahi brought under tribute; likewise the island
…
39 XIV. Against Ruthen. The Shasu-Arabs and the
…
According to this the hostile towns were summoned
167
tages, and increased demands. With regard to the
…
campaigns to the South in person. The inscriptions
168
168 FAUNA AND FLORA OF CONQUERED NATIONS ch. yiii.
…
temple of Amen, as a memorial for all times.'
169
bxn. xtiii. THE 'HOLY LAND/ ARABIA 169
…
ever living. | I shine in the light of the morning sun through
…
power and victory over all lands. | All people shall feel a
170
170 A HYMN OF VICTOEY OH. viii.
…
annihilated as far as the horizon. | They come and bear the
…
I make them behold thy Majesty like the beaming (sun).
…
Thou madest prisoners the shepherds of Euthen.
…
How thou graspest the weapons on thy war-chariot.
171
Dm xtiii. A HYMN OF VICTOBY 171
…
I make them behold thy Majesty as the avenger,
…
My hands in the height of heaven ward off misfortune :
…
A great gate [guards against the entrance of the impiousj.
…
Therefore I place thee on the seat of Horus for never-ending
174
174 GIFPS TO THE TEMPLE OF AMEN oh. viii.
…
construct numerous gates (sebkhet), with locks of copper
175
Bra. xviii. ENDOWMENT FOR THE TEMPLE OF AMEN 175
…
The king found it in the form of a brick building, in a very
176
176 DIFFERENT PARTS OF TEMPLE OF AMEN ch. viii.-
…
' He gives to thee his kingdom. The crowns shall be placed on
…
This building, which was executed in his temple, shall be a
177
dyn. xviii. THE KING'S NAMES AND TITLES 177
…
' God Amen is more enraptured with me than with all the kings
181
DiNi xviii. THE STATUES AT KAENAK 181
…
[The lord of the land and] King Tehuti-mes III., the worshipper
182
By the side of her father is the small image of
…
This statue was re-erected in good condition in the year [22 of
…
[Because no one] has provided new stone to cover the building
183
of her father and of her ancestors in Apet. The
…
caused to be erected on the territory of the ' great
…
In conclusion, we will only remark upon the re-
…
He erected this memorial-building to his father, the king of the
185
In the neighbourhood of the Second Cataract, on
…
the temple which rose on the island of Elephantine, a
187
This will explain the following inscription. It is
…
lying clown, of silver, gold, blue stone, black metal, and all kinds of
188
188 THE INSCRIPTION OF NEJ3-AIU ch. vin.
…
I teach the priests what is their duty: I turn away the ignorant
189
among his great court officials. (8) I had to look great in the
…
(17) Call upon those, who live there (IS) on the earth, on the
190
190 ADDITIONS TO THE TEMPLE AT ON ch. tiii.
…
I. ' The king has raised these immense obelisks to Amen in
191
Dm xvni. INSCRIPTIONS IN PENINSULA OF SINAI 191
…
ti-mes III. was the first who cut obelisks vividly re-
192
192 SUMMARY OF THE KING'S REIGN ch. viii..
…
to be found throughout the land of Egypt.
…
(Note.—All the ensuing regnal years date from this day
…
5 On 1st Tehuti : Date of a papyrus at Turin.
…
Inscription at Sarbut-el-Haclim of the time of the joint
…
22 Restoration of the statues of Amen-hotep I. and Tehu-
…
24 On 30th Mekhir: Laying of the foundation-stone of a
…
The King's Second Campaign.
…
42 On 22nd Tehuti: Restoration of the statue of Tehuti-mes I.
Chapter IX: Dynasty XVIII - continued
195
those leagues of the towns spring up, which sought by
…
us to learn, in spite of its lacunas, the war against
197
position, according to the command of his father, the sun-god Ra,
…
The building and extension of the temples in Egypt
198
artistic perfection of the sculptures, or for the import-
…
On his memorial tombstone, now in the British
…
he accompanied the king on his campaigns against the people of
200
200 INSCRIPTION ON THE SPHINX oh. ix.
…
On one of these days it happened, when the king's son Tehuti-
…
father Horemkhu, Kheper, Ea, Tmu. The kingdom shall be given
201
■and he understood (the meaning) of the words of the god and laid
…
' mother in the boat.' We are led to the conclusion
202
left behind him. Among the scarabsei which were
…
ardent sportsman, and to have been trained in the
203
LIST OF CAPTIVES
…
Total of living heads
…
In these campaigns the kings remained true to the
…
races mentions names the majority of
206
206 THE COLOSSAL STATUES OP THE KING ch. ix.
…
raised an immense gate-tower (propylon), erected a
207
* the king had mounted his horse to reach the extremest bounda-
…
and directions, for he understood how to direct and guide the
208
208 THE VOCAL MEMNON oh. ix.
…
The temple, now in ruins, was carried out according
…
cooling during the night, emit at sunrise, as soon as
211
"a. xviii. deie-el-med1neh 211
…
whom the king of [your] land will reward ; your [.....]. Your
…
penance for it (18) with their bodies. But if they obey all the
212
212 THE TEMPLE AT ELEPHANTINE ch. IX-
…
the reading over of the catalogues of the tributes of the thirtieth
Chapter X: Dynasty XVIII - continued
216
216 INTRODUCES WORSHIP OF THE ' SUN'S DISK' ch. x.
…
hatred against the priests of Amen, the king issued
…
and erected, according to the plans of the king, a
217
dyn. xviii. THE NEW CAPITAL, KHTJ-ATEN 217
…
Net'em-mut, were executed in great splendour near the
218
218 TOMBSTONE OF THE ARTIST BEK OH. x..
…
may march out to all places, in favour of the artist of the king, and
…
' That " he may grant me to drink wine and milk," and that " the
…
Another master, who did not hold such a high office'
220
220 A PRAYER TO THE SUN'S DISK ch. x.
…
like manner as thy setting. Thou, 0 God, who art in truth the
221
dxn. xviii. A HYMN TO THE SUN'S DISK 221
…
Grant to thy son, who loves thee, life in truth, to the lord of the
223
Thereupon King Khu-n-aten swore an oath by his father thus :
…
There is some difficulty about the conclusion, for a
226
226 visit or a negro queen oh. x.
…
the husband of the princess Mer-aten, disappeared
…
' the living image of Amen,' the royal husband of the
…
As if to enhance their joy, the princes of the land
229
until he at last held the highest offices. He was
…
king for the country, and at the same time to have
231
While he was yet carried as a suckling in arms, both old and
…
After this he was also named Adon of the land.
232
232 IIOE-EM-IIEB'S TITLES AS KING ch. x.
…
his pleasing form, and placed herself before him. And all the
…
3. As Golden Horus, who rests himself on justice, the up-
233
4. As King Ser-kheperu-Ra, who is elected by the sun-god :
…
' He set them up in their temple, and he had a hundred images
Tafel_I
GENEALOGICAL TABLE OP THE RAMESSIDES.
…
Sons: Amenhi- Ainunhi- Ea-messu Prahi- Khamus Menthuhi- Nebenkhal Meri- Setemua Seti Sotep- Mira Horhi- i. Menep- Hotephima = Isi-nefer* Ampn a+ f „,. '
…
The Quean T/te Queen The Queen
…
Note.—(1) The Nos. show the succession of the kings. (2) The Names with * are those of women.
Chapter XI: Dynasty XIX
242
KING SET1 I.
…
maid-servants from the
…
The great national
…
PLAN OF OREAT TEMPLE AT KARNAK.
…
K. Columnar Edifice of Tchuti-mes III. L. Temple of , -, n , , n
…
Ancestors, splendour of which is
248
248 LIST OF THE CONQUERED NATIONS ch. xi.
…
5. Singar, the city and the land of Singara, the Sinear of Holy
…
7. Kadesh, in the land of the Amorites.
…
Pa-Hir (Hil), Galilee ? or Hali in the tribe of Ashur.
…
That the wars of the king did not take place only in
…
3. Makita, i.e. Megiddo; 4. Ha......; 5. the
249
WAK "WITH THE LIBYANS
…
' Hail to thee ! mighty is thy name, glorious thy renown. The
…
us freedom out of thy hand !'
250
THE QUEEN TUT
254
the dead, Osiris and Hathor, besides Amen and his
…
leaving a trace, their former existence is most surely
Chapter XII: Dynasty XIX - continued
261
■bin. xix. INSCRIPTION IN THE TEMPLE AT ABYDOS 261
…
When [this speech] from the lips of the princes before their lord
262
the places of the granaries.
…
in the deep like Osiris, while I rule like Ra among men (and
…
succeed according to my intention. I dedicated to thee the lands of
…
well pleasing to the heart, and I apportioned to thee the tributes
263
house. I gave thee herds of all kinds of cattle to increase thy
…
long as I stay on earth, I will offer a sacrifice to thee. My hand
…
' Gome, speak to Ea [that he may grant long years] of life to his
…
temple. My heart beats for thee ; I will be thy guardian for the
264
264 COMPLETION OF THE TEMPLE AT ABYDOS cu. xn-
…
In the course of his long reign Eamses II. completed
…
in their effigies the entrance of the pilgrims at the
268
1 We are brothers, who belong to the chiefs of the tribes of the
…
And Pharaoh went further downwards, and came to the region
…
numbers from all countries which are situated in the territory of
269
sand. They stand there behind the town of Kadesh, the wicked.
…
(39) and took his arms, and appeared like the god Baal in his
…
(43-44) ' I swear it as truly as the Sun-god loves me, as truly
270
the poem the peculiar cast of Egyptian thought is
…
......His courage is firm like that of a bull which seizes [the
…
Wise is his counsel. Complete are his decisions, when he wears the
…
who came near to bow themselves before the king. And his war-
271
dyn. xix. THE POEM OF PENTAUR 271
…
possessions, to give it to the people who accompanied him to the
272
272 THE POEM OF PENTAUR ch. xii.
…
of horses, and his retreat was beset by the bravest heroes of the king
…
And not one of my princes, not one of my captains of the
…
ments, that I have filled thy temples with my prisoners of war
…
a willing heart; therefore I call on thee. Behold now, Amen, I
273
kot. six. THE POEM OF PENTATJR 273
…
thy father, the sun-god Ra. My hand is with thee. Yes ! I am
…
All this came to pass. I was changed, being made like the god
…
There stood still the miserable king of Kheta in the midst of his
274
274 THE POEM OF PENT AUK ch. xii.
…
down and every limb of his body. They could not aim either the
…
pairs of horses surrounded me, his courage left him, and his heart
…
remain in your villages and in your towns. Neither the captain nor
275
Dra. xix. THE POEM OF PENTAUB 275
…
named like Mentu of the victorious arm, and that Amen my
…
full of astonishment at what I had done. My princes came forward
…
' How wast thou, great champion of firm courage, the saviour
276
276 THE POEM OF PENTAUE ch. xn-
…
hearts that I was a rampart of iron to you ? Will any one obey
277
dxn. xix. THE POEM OF PENTAUR 277
…
And they remained afar off, and threw themselves down on the
…
Then the king of the hostile people of Kheta sent a messenger to
…
earnest and hast slain hundreds of thousands. Thou eomest to-day,
280
280 CATALOGUE OF PRISONERS ch. xii.
…
glory to all the nations who know not Egypt.'
…
themselves in sea-fights with the most powerful maritime
282
282 TEEATY BETWEEN THE KING OF EGYPT ch. xii~
…
To wit, in the time of Mau-than-ar, the great king of Kheta,,
…
Never let enmity rise between them. Never let the great king
283
Dm six. AND THE KING OF THE KHETA 283
…
incur] the wrath of Ra-messu Meri-Amen [the great prince of Egypt.
…
their . . . that he may be given for them (?) to the lord, and that
…
[If servants shall flee away] out of the territories of Ra-messu
285
Dm xix. AND THE KING OF THE KHETA 285
…
But he who shall observe these commandments, which the
…
eyes, nor on his mouth, nor on the soles of his feet], so that thus no
287
his master to be decorated with a gold necklace as a
…
■of Ethiopia and Libya in his campaigns into the interior
290
As soon as they had been brought before the divine benefactor, they
…
an Adon of this land. Thou didst act with wisdom when thou didst
…
thy knowledge. Thou wast raised to be an overseer (Rohir) of this
Chapter XIII: Dynasty XIX - continued
293
The name of Eamses II. has come down to us as that
…
I have given thee strength and might and the power of thy arm
294
294 INSCRIPTION AT THE SECOND CATARACT ch. xiii-
…
calves without end; all their sacrificial meat is provided, to the
295
According to this Eamses II. had erected the whole
…
succeeded in raising it. The statue had become en-
296
The family of Amen-em-an plays an important part
…
Like Abydos and Memphis, Thebes was also the
…
that magnificent rock-temple at Abu Simbel the facade
297
GENEALOGY OF AMEN-EM-AN", THE ARCHITECT OF THE CITY OF RAMSES.
…
Leader of
…
of Amsu
…
The eldest
…
of Amsu
…
in the temple
…
of Amen
…
King's son
…
Chief Priest Architect Leader of the
…
of Anhur Leader of
…
of Amen
…
King's son of
298
Heliopolis, and to the new divinity Karases Meri-Amen.
…
and went up to the old capital of the empire to celebrate
299
dttt. xix. THE TEMPLE-CITY OF ZOAN-TANIS 299'
…
in the proper sense of the word, the hey of Egypt.
301
dtn. xix. THE PHARAOH OF THE OPPRESSION 301
…
Thebes ; here he had received the embassy of peace
302
people in the north, in order by this prudent measure
…
by their native names. The letters and documents of
304
304 A LITEEAEY CRITICISM ch. xiii.
…
(Berytus), Ziduna (Sidon), and Zareptha (Sarepta). Where are the
…
gone to the land of Thakhis, to Kafir-Marlena, Thamnah (Thimnah),
306
306 A LITERARY CRITICISM oh. xiii.
…
Explain thou (to me) thy relish for the champion !
…
The iron-workers enter into the smithy ; they rummage in the
307
dyn. xis. A LITERARY CRITICISM 307
…
and clear, like the spring-water of the god Mentu. It matters
…
know the goal that he wishes to reach, and one who reaches it ?
309
dyn. xix. THE HEREDITARY LORD BEKEN-KHONSU 309
…
The list of contemporaries of Eamses II. is consider-
…
in his ways. I performed acts of piety within his temple. I was a
…
1 was for four years a very little child. For twelve years (3) I
310
BUKIAL PLACE OF EAMSES II.
…
Beken-Khonsu was a little child
…
A boy, and at last official of the
…
Priest of Amen ....
…
Holy father of Amen
…
Third prophet of Amen .
…
Second prophet of Amen .
…
Eirst prophet of Amen
…
The body of Eamses II. was laid in his sepulchral
313
"the Sh]ar-dana, the Sha-ka-li-sha, the A-qa-ua-sha, the Li-ku, the
…
Then his Majesty was enraged against them like a lion, (16)
…
king, let them remain on (their) ground and soil, and go to the
…
[to this, to fill] their belly [with] my property, just like the fisher-
314
314 THE BATTLE OF PROSOPIS oh. xiii.
…
mated by a great manly courage, (36) [he fled like a woman. Then
316
service, partly in Egypt and partly in Libya. In the
…
done, with the Achseans, Sardinians, Siculi, Etruscans,
317
dot. xix. RELATIONS WITH THE SHASU 317
…
with the inhabitants of Gaza, a constant intercourse-
…
anew under Meneptah II., but in a manner alike peace-
…
On this subject an Egyptian official makes the
320
Panbesa, we have completed the cycle of literary names
…
a special distinction, inasmuch as he is frequently
321
part of the priestly guild of Thebes. Eoi, the high-
…
AU that we are able to say of him can be condensed
322
322 THE ANTI-KING SIPTAH ch. xiii.
…
and health, to the person of the king's envoy into all lands, the com-
Tafel_II
GENEALOGICAL TABLE OF THE ROYAL FAMILIES OF THE DYNASTIES XX. TO XXVI,
…
King Ea-messu XVI. =.
…
King and High-Priest of Amen Queen
…
? Prince of the Ma
…
? King of the Ma
…
King and High-Priest of Amen
…
King and High- | Priest of Amen
…
King
…
(of Tanis and Thebes)
…
King
…
King King
…
King
…
High-Priest of Amen Prince
…
Hcn-Ptah = T'a-n-ka-keni Pet-Ise = Ta-ari = Herso = . . . r . . ir-
…
Kings of Patoeis
…
Thent-A^
…
King Queen
…
Prophet of Amen
…
King
…
King Princess Queen King Queen
…
I ! Queen King Queen
…
King Queen
…
Prophet of Ptah
…
been the son of Shabak (Sabaco)
…
Prince Commander of the Troops Princess Prince and Kin|
…
The term ' Vassal' designates the petty kings and satraps of
Chapter XIV: Dynasty XX
325
As this king's official name was User-maat-Ba, he is only-
…
nations, who had invaded the borders of Egypt. The
328
328 THE WEALTH OF RHAMPSINITUS OH. xiv.
…
Thou hast received gold and silver like sand on the [sea] shore.
…
which he lavished on the temples of Amen, Ptah, and
331
LIST OF PRISONERS
…
Total number of prisoners of war of
…
119 + a;
…
Chariots of war . .
…
Horses and asses of the Maxyes .
333
BUILDINGS OF RAMSES III.
…
34. Samai (Syme, a Carian
…
Even if some of the parallel names should receive
336
336 THE JUDICIAL PAPYKUS OF TUEIN oh. xit.
…
(3) I am the guardian and protector for ever, and (4) bearer of the
…
(2) ' The chief culprit Beka-kamen. He was house-steward.
337
btn xx. THE HAREM CONSPIRACY 337
…
(4) ' The chief culprit Panauk. He was the royal secretary of
…
(9) 'The chief culprit Kha-em-maanro. He was a land-surveyor,
338
(10) 'The chief culprit Seti-em-pa-Tehuti. He was a land-sur-
…
(11) 'The chief culprit Seti-em-pa-Amen. He was a land-
…
(12) ' The chief culprit Ua-ro-maat. He was a councillor. He
339
dxn. xx. THE HAREM CONSPIRACY 339
…
(4) ' Persons who were brought up on account of their crime, and
…
before the tribunal. They died by their own hand.
…
(8) ' The chief accused Han-uten-Amen. He was a councillor.
…
(9) ' The chief accused Amen-khau. He was Adon for the service
340
of the women's house. He was brought up because of the crime-
…
(7) ' They laid down, without completing his expiation, the chief
341
TO. xx. THE HAREM CONSPIEACY 341
…
found in it the material for all kinds of wickedness and all kinds of
…
he had made some gods of wax, and some human figures, to paralyse
342
342 THE FAMILY OF KAMSES in. oh; xiv.
…
1. Prince Ra-niessu I., commander of the infantry, afterwards-
…
Of eight other princes and fourteen princesses we
343
ascended the throne. According to the rock inscrip-
…
Good times were in Egypt, as in those of the Sun-god Ra, in
…
(Hor of Coptos), the creator of his body. He caused to be opened
345
900 of the number had died in consequence of the long journey,
…
That his rule over Egypt was contested by a
…
whose sepulchral chamber, in the valley of Biban-el-
346
Of the sons of Kamses III., who followed next in
…
The few inscriptions which have survived the ravages
348
348 THE TOMB OF PENNI ch. xrv.
…
The circuit of the superficies of the fields of the potters' earth,
…
The inscription is in a rock-tomb at Anibe, on the
349
named Meri, who is also called ' the superintendent of
…
Penni was certainly an artist, as is shown by the
…
we come to the last Eamessides of the Twentieth
…
It is not his deeds, about which the monuments tell us
353
already made—viz. Amenhotep, the chief priest of
…
Their names are found only here and there on the
…
ceived the particular attention of the kings of the
…
A A
356
was lame. Then spake he to the prophet of Khonsu, the adminis-
…
we seem to have arrived at the end of this Dynasty,,
357
Dts. xs. LETTER OF RAMSES XIII. 357
…
*° execute in the land of the South. As soon as this letter of
Chapter XV: Dynasties XXI-XXIV
365
»m xxi. THE PRIEST-KINGS 365'
…
all probability, were banished to the Great Oasis, they
…
On the east of Mesopotamia the great empire of
…
whom he then designated as As- ites, Shashanq being the equivalent
…
though to define their nationality second Dynasty are Susan. The
367
soul. The families of Thebes received him with songs of joy.
…
Now [had reached its end] (9) the month Mesori. On the 4th
…
(1°) a hundred thousand of them. Is any one able to appease
368
368 RECALL OF THE RAMESSIDES oh. xv-
…
written down] on a memorial stone [in writing], and set up in thy
…
I was created as originator of all riches according to thy [word],
…
mands enjoin]. (22) Give me consideration with the great god, in
370
370 EGYPT INVADED BY THE MA ch. xv.
…
his father Osiris, where his body had been laid on his bed of rest in
…
in this, to receive the undivided victory.' Very, very much did the
…
Then [spake to him] Amen-Ra, the king of the gods : ' I will do
…
Then his Majesty had the statue, in the form of a walking man,
374
has brought with her, of the hereditary possession which had
…
not be a helper (?) to them. They shall be full, full of [snares t]
375
away from the [lady as their possession. They who shall keep back
…
visits to the upper country of Patoris, though he followed
376
SHASHANQ'S CONQUEST OF JUDAH
…
We subjoin, so far as is possible, a list of them :—
…
A-ro-ha-lel (Aroer 1)
…
Qe-be-a-na (Gibeon)
…
Pa-Ha-qa-laa, ' the stone of '
…
Ma .... a
…
Ga-naa-t, ' the garden '
…
Pa-Ha-ga-le-(t), ' the stone of'
…
A-bi-lau (Abel)
…
Nu-p-a-1
…
A-le-qad
…
A-do-rau
377
»ra. xxii. THE HALL OF!THE BUBASTITES 377
…
Ha-i-do-baa A-bi-r
…
Ha-qe-le-ma Beith-A-n-th (Beth-anoth)
…
Hi-bith A-ro-ma-then (Ramah ?)
…
Neb-tath A-ro-nia . . .
…
A-d-raa Ma . . .
…
and Hor-em-saf—whose skill was great in all manner of work,
378
wrought stones, in order to glorify the city (Thebes), to set up its
…
will not sleep by night, I will not slumber by day. The building
380
The claim, which, was not admitted in his person, seems,
…
According to the monuments he had two wives.
…
This king was the grandson of Shashanq the high-
381
the same royal family. The monuments are absolutely
…
-Mut-em-hat, a daughter of Na-ro-math, high-priest of
384
384 LIFE OF THE APIS ch. xv.
…
And to his venerator and friend, the high-priest of Ptah, Pef-tot-
Chapter XVI: Dynasty XXV
390
390 THE PRINCES OF LOWER EGYPT ch. xvt.
…
By the term ' vassals ' is meant the princes subject
…
(2) His mother well knew that he was destined for a ruler tf*
392
392 THE STELA OF PIANKHI ch. xti.
…
courage at the thought of thee 1 An army is naught, whose com-
394
394 THE STELA OF PIANKIII ch. xvi.
…
as truly as I love the god Ra, as truly as I hallow the god Amen,
395
dyn. xxv. THE STELA OF PIANKHI 395
…
the queen and daughter of a king, Nes-thent-nes, to supplicate
…
[speaking thus : ' Thou art] (56) Horus, the lord of the palace
396
396 THE STELA OE PIANKHI oh. xn.
…
many jewels. (58) Then was the treasury filled with these gifts.
…
When his Majesty visited the stables and the studs of foals, he
397
dtn. xxv. THE st£la of piankhi 397
…
did as it pleased him. Then they came out with a son of the
398
398 THE STELA OF PIANKIII ch. xvi.
…
forthwith. His Majesty entered. He offered (83) [a sacrifice to
…
of the warriors of his Majesty (disguised) as workmen, master-
399
Dm xxv. THE STELA OF PIANKPII 399
…
war-chariot—and when he had gone down the river through fear
…
a flood of water. What he commands me (94) [that shall happen].'
403
nm xxv. THE STELA OF PIANKHI 403
…
Prince and General (unnamed) of Ta-Ur (Tanis) ;
…
f The king and general Tefnekht of] the city of [Sa'is] has assembled
…
what had happened, and his body-guards were entrusted to the
…
softened by all that you have done to me 1 If I have been a
404
404 THE STELA OF PIANKHI oh. xvi.-
…
perty for thy treasury : (138) gold and jewels, also the most
…
Tidings were brought to (145) his Majesty : ' The city of Croco-
…
(146) Thus no district was shut against his Majesty, of the
407
His Majesty said : ' So may the dream come true.' For this
…
When his Majesty had repaired to the city of Noph (Napata),
…
tine1. When he had come into the temple of Khnem-Ra, the lord
…
this house of the god. He caused the Theban Amen-Ra to be
…
When his Majesty had come to Memphis, and (17) the rebels
408
408 INSCRIPTION OF MEM-AMEN NUT oh. xti.
…
with the princes of (25) Lower Egypt, for they had retired within
…
Majesty, 'They are come to serve the great lord, our governor.'
…
me in the night (31) of that which I shall see in the day.'
409
■before his face. The king speaks : ' Since that is the truth, which
…
what God ordains, that shall come to pass. I swear, as truly as the
…
of his mouth, O great king, our lord !'
…
our lord on account of that which is just;'—then they responded
…
then they said : ' Shall we stay longer ? Is such the will of the
…
servants according to the need of the city.' Then his Majesty let
410
of the Sun, Meri-Amen Nut—to him be health, prosperity, life !—-
…
the mention of Pi-qe-ro-ro, the prince of the city of
…
With Taharaqa, king of Ethiopia, begins the latest
411
Dtt xxv. RECOED OF ASSURE ANIPAL 411
…
Recohd of Assurbanipal.
…
I numbered my army and my whole forces, with which the great
…
himself. Upon the Assyrians (lit. men of Assur), who were servants
412
412 THE ASSYRIANS TAKE THEBES ch. xvi-
…
With invocations to Assur, Sin (the Moon-god), the great gods,
…
made satraps, sinned against the commandments of Assur and the
413
Dtsr. xxv. THE PETTY KINGS OF EGYPT 413
…
mg glorious deeds.....they delivered up in the city Karbel-
…
Pu-uk-ku-na-an-ni-pi (Bok-en-nifi), king of Ha-at-hi-ri-bi (Ha-ta-
…
ru-u-iu-ma (Pamai), king of Bi-in-di (Bindid, Mendes),
…
Bu-uk-ku-na-an-ni-pi (Bok-en-nifi), king of Ahnir (On 1),
…
Na-ah-ti-hu-ru-an-shi-ni (Nekht-Hor-na-shennu), king of Pa-Sap-ti-
414
414 THE ASSYRIAN CONQUEST OF EGYPT oh. xyi.
…
Is-pi-ma-tu (Psamut), king of Ta-i-ni (Tini, Thinis),
…
and broke the commandments of the great gods......They
…
According to Oppert's view, here followed the
416
maneh heard of the advance of my expedition '—and so forth, as m
…
(V.) Urdamaneh heard of the advance of my expedition. He'
…
According to Oppert's researches, they contained the
417
he marched forth (lit. directed his step). With the invocation of
…
We have here set before us a remarkable portion
Chapter XVII: Dynasties XXVI-XXX
424
424 APIS-STEL.E OF PSAMTHEK I. oh. xvii.
…
Year 20, month Mesori, day 20, under the reign of King
…
the founder of a new gallery and new sepulchral
425
•chambers (with panelled woodwork, as the inscription
…
Year 12, month Payni, day 21, under the reign of the king
427
THE APIS UNDER CAMBYSES
…
Prom the year 32, 21st Payni, to the
…
In the reign of Cambyses there occurred the death
…
Year 4, month Epiphi, under the reign [of King Cambyses]
433
Bm xxvii. THE ARCHITECT KHNUM-AB-RA 433
…
He did this in remembrance of his father, the great god Amen-
434
PEDIGREE OF KHNUM-AB-RA
…
UT'A-KHONSU:
…
Architect of S. and N. Egypt; chief burgomaster; *
…
2nd, 3rd, and 4th prophet and high-priest of Amen,
…
Architect of Upper and Lower Egypt; chief burgo-
…
Architect of Upper and Lower Egypt.
437
-under the reign of Khshiarsh (Xerxes I.).
…
(1) 6 full years under the reign of Kanbuza (Cambyses) ;
…
(1) 5 full years I under the reign of Arta-khshesesh
…
Xerxes I.—or, as he is named in the Egyptian
438
from the Greeks roused anew the desire of the Egyp-
…
This lake-district, called Patanut, belonged to the deities of
439
am xxix., xxx. PEDIGBEE OF NEKHT-NEB-EF 43 9
…
Nes-bi-n-didi, = Mertuhap* King ISTekiit-neb-ef
…
nomarch of j military commander.
…
The translation of the following inscription of a
440
440 THE MACEDONIAN CONQUEST ch. xyH.
…
higher than thy city, I have not failed to impart of thy spirit to all
…
thy guide among the foreign people.'
443
tions of it in their writings ; but it is evident that
…
Psamthek I., B.C. 666-612.—After the Assyrian
…
to do more than assume that it was chiefly through the
445
Pelusiac arm of the Nile, a little north, of Bubastis, in
…
Neku then attempted to assert the Egyptian supre-
…
recorded of the reign of this king, except an expedition
…
b.c. 591-572.—This king inherited both the bravery
…
the entrance of the temple. Its external dimensions
446
successful against that of Nebuchadnezzar, and with his
…
and granted Naukratis as a free port to Greek mer-
449
THE LAST NATIVE PHARAOHS 449
…
crucified. Amyrtams of Sals, the Egyptian leader,
…
Xerxes LL, b.c. 425-4, and Darius IT., B.C. 424-
…
Amen-rut (Amyrtjsus), b.c. 405-399.—This king
…
faaurut II., B.C. 379.—There is but little to relate of
The nomes of egypt according to the lists of the monuments
List of values and prices, about B.C. 1000
Table of the ancient egyptian grammar
Index
457
— meaning of, 128
…
Abeha, the land of, 203
…
' Adon,' the, 101, 104, 231
…
Ahi, the land, 348
…
Alexander the Great, 421
…
Amen-ape, the governor, 225
…
— the functionary, 52
…
— the architect, 209
…
Amenu, King, 66
…
Anai'tis, the goddess, 99
458
Ankh-nes-aten, the princess, 221
…
Antef, King, 51
…
Argo, the island of, 91
…
Asiatics, the, 80
…
Assurbanipal, Records of, 411-4,
…
Ataiuhi, the Persian, 435
…
Balm of Gilead, 167
…
Bes, the god, 54, 99
…
Biggeh, the island of, 204, 308
…
Buto, the island of, 178
459
Campaigns against the—
…
Inhabitants of the Delta, 326
…
Canal between the Nile and the Bed
…
Character of the Egyptians, 9, 10
…
Cocheiche, the dike of, 20
…
Coptos, the city of, 52, 292, 435
…
Darius I., 432, 448
…
Decree, the, of Canopus, 106
…
Eclipse of the moon, 381
460
Endowment of Karnak, 175
…
Exodus, the, 318
…
— ruins of, 31
…
Ge-ro-a-ro-pi, Queen, 405
…
Greeks, the, in Egypt, 421 et seq.
…
Haker, King, 449
…
Harem, the, conspiracy, 335 et seq.
…
' Her-pit,' the, 101, 239, 302
…
' Hersheshta,' the, 25
461
Hor-Amsu-nekht, the god, 91
…
Humboldt, A. von, 208
…
Inaros, king of Libya, 448, 449
…
of Aahmes, 114 et set/., 134
…
Hall of Ancestors, 182
…
King Nut, 406-10
…
Ut'a-Hor-resenet, 430-2
462
Jerusalem, the sack of, 375
…
Jubilee, the royal, 212
…
Ka-Ra-maat, the princess, 373, 380
…
Kazan, the, 139, 239
…
Khar, the, 4,102, 106, 323
…
' King's sons of Cush,' 135, 319
…
LABYRINTH, the, 74, 76, 77
…
Law of female succession, 7, 29
…
Library, the royal, 319
…
Lion, the royal, 287
463
Map, a, at Turin, 288
…
Mashuasha, the, 383
…
Maxims, the, of Ptah-hotep, 44
…
Memnon, the vocal, 206, 208
…
Men or Menti, the, 106
…
Men-kheper-Ra, the high-priest, 369
…
— the worship of, 29
…
— a noble, 63
…
— the princess, 309
…
— the ' chief prophet,' 219
…
Mnevis, worship of, 29
…
Mummy of Antef, 51
…
Naharain, the, 138, 195
464
Neb-ankh, the holy mountain, 334
…
Nile, the, 7, 75
…
Nobles, the, 10
…
Nubians, the, 197
…
— tomb of, 186
…
Panbesa, the scribe, 320
…
Parihu, prince of Punt, 144
…
Pedigree of court architects, 17
465
Pharaoh, meaning of name, 23
…
Plague, a, 29
…
— sanctuary of, 186
…
— the prince of, 234
…
Antef the Great, 52
…
'Prophet of the pyramid of
…
Eamesseum, the, 296, 32S
…
-------family of, 342
466
Ran-Seneb, the courtier, 89
…
Revolution in Chaldea, a, 153
…
Rohannu, mountain of, 57
…
' Sacred prophet,' the, 45
…
Sati, the, 134
…
Seb, the god, 12
…
Semites, the, 4, 302
…
Senmut, the architect, 142
…
Seqenen-Ra, King, 109, 116
467
Seti, the governor, 322
…
Shasu, the, 100, 106, 137, 197, 317
…
Shepses-ka-f, King, 39
…
Sinaitic peninsula, the, 62, 78, 191
…
Sphinx, the, 37,199
…
Statues of
…
— son of Hapu, 204
…
Ut'a-Hor-resenet, 430
…
Sudan, the, 134, 203, 234
…
X'a-her, King, 450
…
Memorial, of Amada, 196
Tafeln
Tafel_V
Scale of English Feet.
Maßstab/Farbkeil
158 TRIBUTE OF THE CONQUERED PRINCES ch. tiii.
possession of the plain of the Asiatics ; " and guards were set before
the dwelling of the king, and the word was given to them, " Eirm
courage, firm courage ! Watch, watch ! watch over the life in the
king's tent." The king [commanded the hostile inhabitants, that
none of them should show himself] (22) outside, behind this wall •
except at the exit in an opposite direction, at the gate of their for-
tress. All this did the king to this miserable king and to his
miserable warriors. It (the record) was set up by day in his name,
and in the name .... (23) and it was set up on a roll of leather
in the temple of Amen on the same day. Then the kings of that
land came [together with] their [children ?] to worship before the
king, and to implore breath for their nostrils, because of the
strength of his arm, and because of the greatness of his spirit.
(24) [And the children of the kings came] before Pharaoh, and pre-
sented their gifts of silver, gold, blue stone and green stone, and
they brought also wheat and wine in skins, and fruits for the
warriors of the king, for every one of the Kiti had taken care to
have such provisions for his return home. Then the king graciously
pardoned the foreign princes because of . . . .'
There follows a complete list of the spoils, which
consist, among other things, of 2,503 captives, cattle,
silver, gold, and electrum, ivory and precious stones,
cedar-wood and ebony, furniture for tents and houses,
costly inlaid work, fine cloth, and armour. The princes
of Euthen and Asshur, the lands of Punt, Cush and
Zahi, TJa-ua-t, Cyprus, and the powerful ruler of the
Klieta tribes were all forced to pay heavy tribute.1
Then the king gave orders to set up the record of the victories
which he had gained from the year 23 to the year 32, which coincides
with the erection of the memorial table on this temple wall.
Thus has he done. May he live for ever !
The rich tributes and taxes which King Tehuti-mes
III. received in what are called the ' halting-places' on
his campaigns, and those which the foreigners, especially
the Ethiopians, brought to Egypt in person, were given
over to the Theban officials, that they might estimate
i For a full account of the spoil Tablet of Tehuti-mes III., and 'Annals
carried away, and the tribute imposed of Thothmes III.,' in Mec. of Past,
upon the conquered peoples, see vol. ii. p. 17 et teq.
Birch's translation of the Statistical
possession of the plain of the Asiatics ; " and guards were set before
the dwelling of the king, and the word was given to them, " Eirm
courage, firm courage ! Watch, watch ! watch over the life in the
king's tent." The king [commanded the hostile inhabitants, that
none of them should show himself] (22) outside, behind this wall •
except at the exit in an opposite direction, at the gate of their for-
tress. All this did the king to this miserable king and to his
miserable warriors. It (the record) was set up by day in his name,
and in the name .... (23) and it was set up on a roll of leather
in the temple of Amen on the same day. Then the kings of that
land came [together with] their [children ?] to worship before the
king, and to implore breath for their nostrils, because of the
strength of his arm, and because of the greatness of his spirit.
(24) [And the children of the kings came] before Pharaoh, and pre-
sented their gifts of silver, gold, blue stone and green stone, and
they brought also wheat and wine in skins, and fruits for the
warriors of the king, for every one of the Kiti had taken care to
have such provisions for his return home. Then the king graciously
pardoned the foreign princes because of . . . .'
There follows a complete list of the spoils, which
consist, among other things, of 2,503 captives, cattle,
silver, gold, and electrum, ivory and precious stones,
cedar-wood and ebony, furniture for tents and houses,
costly inlaid work, fine cloth, and armour. The princes
of Euthen and Asshur, the lands of Punt, Cush and
Zahi, TJa-ua-t, Cyprus, and the powerful ruler of the
Klieta tribes were all forced to pay heavy tribute.1
Then the king gave orders to set up the record of the victories
which he had gained from the year 23 to the year 32, which coincides
with the erection of the memorial table on this temple wall.
Thus has he done. May he live for ever !
The rich tributes and taxes which King Tehuti-mes
III. received in what are called the ' halting-places' on
his campaigns, and those which the foreigners, especially
the Ethiopians, brought to Egypt in person, were given
over to the Theban officials, that they might estimate
i For a full account of the spoil Tablet of Tehuti-mes III., and 'Annals
carried away, and the tribute imposed of Thothmes III.,' in Mec. of Past,
upon the conquered peoples, see vol. ii. p. 17 et teq.
Birch's translation of the Statistical