Brugsch, Heinrich: Egypt under the pharaohs: a history derived entirely from the monuments (London, 1891)

Dm xix. TEOUBLOUS END OF HIS REIGN 319

Heliopolis, with the words, ' Knights, sons of the kings
and noble lords (Marina) of the Aper, settled people,
who dwell in this place.' Under Eamses IV. we again
meet with ' Aper, 800 in number,' as inhabitants of
foreign origin in the district of Ani or Aini, on the
western shore of the Eed Sea, in the neighbourhood of
the modern Suez.

These and similar data completely exclude all
thought of the Hebrews.

Pre-supposing, then, that Meneptah is to be regarded
as the Pharaoh of the Exodus, this king must have had
to endure serious disturbances of all kinds during his
reign:—in the "West the Libyans, in the East the
Hebrews, and in the South a spirit of rebellion, which
declared itself by the insurrection of a rival king of
the family of the great Eamses H. The events which
form the close of his rule are passed over by the
monuments with perfect silence.

In looking over names of the most eminent con-
temporaries of this king there were Mas, his viceroy in
Ethiopia, the ' king's son of Oush,' the same who held
the like high office under Eamses II., and whose
memory is perpetuated in a rock-inscription at Aswan;
and also the influential high-priest of Amen, Eoi, who
held the command of the legion of Amen and adminis-
tered his treasury, and was chief architect to Pharaoh.

The more troublous the times, the less thought was
there of expeditions, and the greater was the attention
paid to the pursuit of knowledge. The following
temple-scribes are among the brilliant stars: Qa-ga-bu,
Horus, Anna, Mer-em-apet, Bek-en-Ptah, Hor-a, Amen-
masu, Su-an-ro, Ser-Ptah. If we add to these the name
of Pentaur, the author of the epic of Eamses the Great,
and also that of Amen-em-hant, the director of the
Theban library, as well as those of Amen-em-ape and