DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.748#0224
INVESTIGATIONS AT ASSOS, 1881. 181
requires for its determination a great amount of labor. Among the
formations of sedimentary origin are those which have been highly
metamorphosed, as well as unaltered rocks in various stages of dis-
location, and others also which have suffered no change whatever
since their deposition.
The eruptive rocks are of yet greater variety, embracing serpen-
tines, basalts, trachytes, granites, and also conglomerates of volcanic
origin. Before the relations of these formations can be conven-
iently described, it will be necessary to consider a few of the leading
features in the topography of the Troad.
TOPOGRAPHY OF THE TROAD.
The rivers of the Troad may be considered in four groups. The
first embraces the M6ndereh (Scamander) and all its ramifica-
tions ; the second includes the small rivers which carry the water
from the western slope into the iEgean; the third, or Touzla
group, drains a long, narrow area south of the Mendereh; and the
fourth conveys the water of the southern slope into the Gulf of
Adramyttion.
Of these groups, that of the Me'ndereh is the largest and by far
the most important. It drains the whole of the central part of the
Troad, and gathers nearly as much water as all the other rivers
combined. As it touches one side of all the divides which deter-
mine the other groups, its gathering ground has a more or less
circular outline, and is surrounded upon all sides by rugged moun-
tains, through which the river breaks its way to reach the sea. This
topographical arrangement naturally divides the river basin into two
parts : a great central portion, including the large area washed by
the principal tributaries of the Mendereh, and a portion along the
coast, separated from the other by the mountains through which
the river has cut its way towards the Hellespont. Each part is
distinct from the other, and contains a great plain. The beautiful
Plain of Troy, having a length of fourteen kilometres and a width
varying from three to five kilometres, extends from Koum Kaleh,
near the site of ancient Sigeion, to the mouth of the Thymbrios.
Between the Trojan Plain and Eanedeh, which occupies the site of
Scamandria, the river passes through a deep gorge cut in the meta-
requires for its determination a great amount of labor. Among the
formations of sedimentary origin are those which have been highly
metamorphosed, as well as unaltered rocks in various stages of dis-
location, and others also which have suffered no change whatever
since their deposition.
The eruptive rocks are of yet greater variety, embracing serpen-
tines, basalts, trachytes, granites, and also conglomerates of volcanic
origin. Before the relations of these formations can be conven-
iently described, it will be necessary to consider a few of the leading
features in the topography of the Troad.
TOPOGRAPHY OF THE TROAD.
The rivers of the Troad may be considered in four groups. The
first embraces the M6ndereh (Scamander) and all its ramifica-
tions ; the second includes the small rivers which carry the water
from the western slope into the iEgean; the third, or Touzla
group, drains a long, narrow area south of the Mendereh; and the
fourth conveys the water of the southern slope into the Gulf of
Adramyttion.
Of these groups, that of the Me'ndereh is the largest and by far
the most important. It drains the whole of the central part of the
Troad, and gathers nearly as much water as all the other rivers
combined. As it touches one side of all the divides which deter-
mine the other groups, its gathering ground has a more or less
circular outline, and is surrounded upon all sides by rugged moun-
tains, through which the river breaks its way to reach the sea. This
topographical arrangement naturally divides the river basin into two
parts : a great central portion, including the large area washed by
the principal tributaries of the Mendereh, and a portion along the
coast, separated from the other by the mountains through which
the river has cut its way towards the Hellespont. Each part is
distinct from the other, and contains a great plain. The beautiful
Plain of Troy, having a length of fourteen kilometres and a width
varying from three to five kilometres, extends from Koum Kaleh,
near the site of ancient Sigeion, to the mouth of the Thymbrios.
Between the Trojan Plain and Eanedeh, which occupies the site of
Scamandria, the river passes through a deep gorge cut in the meta-