DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14695#0404
330 The Solar Wheel combined with Animals
Promantheus^ title under which Zeus was worshipped atThourioi1.
Lykophron mentions him in juxtaposition with Zeus Aithiops
Gyrdpsios of Chios2—a combination that strengthens his claim to
be considered a god 'of the Fire-drill.' Dr Frazer has cited
examples from south-west Africa (the Herero) and north-east Asia
(the Koryaks and Chuckchees) of the male fire-stick or fire-board
being identified with an ancestor, addressed as 'Father,' and
venerated as the supernatural guardian of the hearth and home3.
He has further suggested a like origin for the association of Iupiter
with Vesta in Italian religion4. It is not, therefore, difficult to
believe that at Thourioi, a Greek colony in south Italy, analogous
ideas expressed themselves in a cult of Zeus5.
xi. The Solar Wheel combined with Animals.
From the vantage-ground gained in preceding sections we can
explain a whole series of bronzes found by Messrs Saltzmann and
Biliotti at Kameiros and now in the British Museum. The graves
1 Supra p. 289 f. A. F. Pott in the Zeitschrift filr vergleichende Sprachforschtmg 1857
vi. 103 connected Upo^avdevs with [xavdavu and A. Kuhn Die Herabkunft des Feuers und
des Gottertranhs1 Giitersloh 1858 p. 17,. ib.2 Giitersloh 1886 p. 18, associated both words
with pramantha.
K. Bapp in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 3034 f., following Gerhard Gr. Myth. p. 97,
would read Upofxridevs for lipofiavdeis in Lyk. Al. 537 and recognise a Zeus lipop-rjOevs at
Thourioi. But the 'early variant' on which he relies is merely a bad reading in Tzetzes'
note adloc. (irpop.a6ebs: ed. M idler i. 97 f., 674 'fors. rectius'), not even recorded by
E. Scheer (ii. 191).
2 Supra p. 289 f.
3 Frazer Golden Bough3: The Magic Art ii. 222 ff.
4 Id. ib. ii. 227 ff. On the similar coupling of Zeus ~ Hestia see infra ch. iii § 1 (a)
ix (a). Note also the Pythagorean identification of the ecrria rod iravrbs with the Atos
oIkos {supra p. 303 n. 6).
5 The name UpopLavdetis recalls 'YaSa/xavOvs (Aeolic Bpa8afjLavdvs for Fpaddfiavdvs),
which might be explained as the ' Rod-twirler,' a compound of the digammated root of
pcCdapivos, paSitj, radius, radix (L. Meyer Handb. d. gr. Etym. i. 563, iv. 471 ff.,
Prellwitz Etym. Worterb. d. Gr. Spr? p. 393 f., Walde Lot. etym. Worterb. p. 513 f.) and
of the root that appears in Sanskrit as math or 7?ianth, 'to stir or whirl about' (Sir M.
Monier-Williams op. cit^p. yjj). A. Kuhn in the Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Sprach-
forschung 1855 xs'- 9°> I23 £ l°ng since anticipated this derivation, but took the Rod-
twirler (' Gertenschwinger'') to be Rhadamanthys as judge of the dead. Certainly in that
capacity he had a pd/35os (Plat. Gorg. 526 c) or aKr\-KTpov (Inscr. Gr. Sic. It. no. 1389
i 47); and Miss J. E. Harrison reminds me of Pind. 01. 9. 33 ov8"M5as aKLv-qrav
pd^dov (see her Proleg. Gk. Eel.2 p. 45). Yet the second element in Rhadamanthys'
name suits my interpretation better. If he was thus connected with the fire-drill, we
can understand his genealogy as set forth by Kinaithon frag. 1 Kinkel ap. Paus. 8. 53.
5 <cl>s> 'Va8ap.avdvs fxhv "Rcpaiarov, "HcpaidTos 8e eirj TaXw, Ta\u)i> 8e elvat. Kpyrbs iraida.
But further evidence deest.
Promantheus^ title under which Zeus was worshipped atThourioi1.
Lykophron mentions him in juxtaposition with Zeus Aithiops
Gyrdpsios of Chios2—a combination that strengthens his claim to
be considered a god 'of the Fire-drill.' Dr Frazer has cited
examples from south-west Africa (the Herero) and north-east Asia
(the Koryaks and Chuckchees) of the male fire-stick or fire-board
being identified with an ancestor, addressed as 'Father,' and
venerated as the supernatural guardian of the hearth and home3.
He has further suggested a like origin for the association of Iupiter
with Vesta in Italian religion4. It is not, therefore, difficult to
believe that at Thourioi, a Greek colony in south Italy, analogous
ideas expressed themselves in a cult of Zeus5.
xi. The Solar Wheel combined with Animals.
From the vantage-ground gained in preceding sections we can
explain a whole series of bronzes found by Messrs Saltzmann and
Biliotti at Kameiros and now in the British Museum. The graves
1 Supra p. 289 f. A. F. Pott in the Zeitschrift filr vergleichende Sprachforschtmg 1857
vi. 103 connected Upo^avdevs with [xavdavu and A. Kuhn Die Herabkunft des Feuers und
des Gottertranhs1 Giitersloh 1858 p. 17,. ib.2 Giitersloh 1886 p. 18, associated both words
with pramantha.
K. Bapp in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 3034 f., following Gerhard Gr. Myth. p. 97,
would read Upofxridevs for lipofiavdeis in Lyk. Al. 537 and recognise a Zeus lipop-rjOevs at
Thourioi. But the 'early variant' on which he relies is merely a bad reading in Tzetzes'
note adloc. (irpop.a6ebs: ed. M idler i. 97 f., 674 'fors. rectius'), not even recorded by
E. Scheer (ii. 191).
2 Supra p. 289 f.
3 Frazer Golden Bough3: The Magic Art ii. 222 ff.
4 Id. ib. ii. 227 ff. On the similar coupling of Zeus ~ Hestia see infra ch. iii § 1 (a)
ix (a). Note also the Pythagorean identification of the ecrria rod iravrbs with the Atos
oIkos {supra p. 303 n. 6).
5 The name UpopLavdetis recalls 'YaSa/xavOvs (Aeolic Bpa8afjLavdvs for Fpaddfiavdvs),
which might be explained as the ' Rod-twirler,' a compound of the digammated root of
pcCdapivos, paSitj, radius, radix (L. Meyer Handb. d. gr. Etym. i. 563, iv. 471 ff.,
Prellwitz Etym. Worterb. d. Gr. Spr? p. 393 f., Walde Lot. etym. Worterb. p. 513 f.) and
of the root that appears in Sanskrit as math or 7?ianth, 'to stir or whirl about' (Sir M.
Monier-Williams op. cit^p. yjj). A. Kuhn in the Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Sprach-
forschung 1855 xs'- 9°> I23 £ l°ng since anticipated this derivation, but took the Rod-
twirler (' Gertenschwinger'') to be Rhadamanthys as judge of the dead. Certainly in that
capacity he had a pd/35os (Plat. Gorg. 526 c) or aKr\-KTpov (Inscr. Gr. Sic. It. no. 1389
i 47); and Miss J. E. Harrison reminds me of Pind. 01. 9. 33 ov8"M5as aKLv-qrav
pd^dov (see her Proleg. Gk. Eel.2 p. 45). Yet the second element in Rhadamanthys'
name suits my interpretation better. If he was thus connected with the fire-drill, we
can understand his genealogy as set forth by Kinaithon frag. 1 Kinkel ap. Paus. 8. 53.
5 <cl>s> 'Va8ap.avdvs fxhv "Rcpaiarov, "HcpaidTos 8e eirj TaXw, Ta\u)i> 8e elvat. Kpyrbs iraida.
But further evidence deest.