Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 1): Zeus god of the bright sky (Cambridge, 1914)

Zeus paired with Antiope

735

But Hermes as dens ex machina declares :

Thou who didst tell her that it was a man,
Not Zeus, who wooed and won her—howsoe'er
She might deny it—what couldst thou have said
More hateful to the heart of Zeus himself,
Dishonouring thus the very bride of Zeus?1

The story was localised in Boiotia2 and took on a Dionysiac
colouring, Antiope being represented as a Maenad3 and" Zeus as
a Satyr4. It is not, however, till Roman times that Zeus is

Fig. 541.

1 Eur. Antiope frag, ultimum 44 fF. (H. v. Arnim Supplementum Eiiripideiini Bonn
1913 p. 21) /ecu irp[<x>]T<x fj.ev <r0[i 5i) \eytou a]vdpwivos [ws] | ov Zeus e/ueixOy, [kclu d]TrapprjraL
rade— I tL 5?7r' av eljVes, Zet)s 8 /x]aX\ov yj^dero, \ 7i7)vbs ixo\ov<ra<v> \e\_Krpov uid']
<x[Ti]/Aa<xas;

2 Antiope was born at Hyria (Hes. frag. 78 Flach ap. schol. //. 2. 496, Eustath.
in II. p. 265, 5, Herodian. i. 300 Lentz, Steph. Byz. s.v. 'TpLa). Her father Nykteus
founded Hysia (Steph. Byz. s.7J. 'TcrLa, Eur. Antiope frag. 180 Nauck2 ap. Harpokr. s.v.
'Tcri'cu, cp. Herodian. i. 300 Lentz, Steph. Byz. s.v. 'Tpia).

3 On Antiope as a Maenad in literature (Paus. 9. 17. 6) and art (O. Jahn in the Arch.
Zeit. 1853 xl- 65—^05 pi. 56 f.) consult L. Weniger in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 2411 f.
She is described as a daughter of Lykourgos in the Kypria ap. Prokl. chrestom. 1 (p. 18
Kinkel) rr\v AvKovpyov (Avkov cj. Heyne) dvyarepa. See further Gruppe Gr. Myth. Kel.
p. 67 f., who remarks (p. 68 n. 1) that late writers regard Lykourgos, the persecutor or
Dionysos' nurses (//. 6. 130 ff.), as a Boeotian (Firm. Mat. 6. 6 ff., Kephalionfrag. 5 {Frag,
hist. Gr. iii. 628 Muller) ap. Io. Malal. chron. 2 p. 42 ff. Dindorf, Hyg.poet. astr. 2. 21).

4 Rutin, recogn. 10. 22, Dracont. 2. 24 {Poet. Lat. min. v. 129 Baehrens), Nonn.
Dion. 7. 123, 16- 242 f., Myth. Vat. i. 204, Lact. Plac. in Stat. Theb. 9. 423, schol. Ap.
Rhod. 4. 1090. K. Wernicke in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. i. 2497 holds that of the
various monuments, which.have been supposed to represent Zeus as a Satyr with Antiope,
two only have been rightly so interpreted, viz. an Etruscan mirror of late style in the
British Museum {Brit. Mus. Cat. Bronzes p. 116 no. 697 = Gerhard Etr. Spiegel iii.
83 f. pi. 81, 2) and a scene from the great mosaic on the Piazza della Yittoria at Palermo