Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

lupiter-Columns

right or right to left, were Saturnus, Sol, Luna, Mars, Mercurius,
Iupiter, Venus (fig. 28)1. If for reasons of architectural symmetry

c d e / 3

Fig. 28.

the block so adorned was octagonal, its eighth side might be

77—85, ib. 1879 v- 1—6, F. Hettner ' Juppitersaulen' in the Westdeutsche Zeitschrift
1885 iv. 365 ff., especially pp. 383—385, S. Reinach in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant.
ii. 171 —173, Haug 'Die Wochengottersteine' in the Westdeutsche Zeitschrift 1890 ix.
17—53, E. Maass Die Tagesgbtter in Rom undden Provinzen aus der Ktdlur des Nieder-
ganges der antiken Welt Berlin 1902 pp. 169—236, W. H. Roscher in his Lex. Myth. iii.
2535, 2538, F. Hertlein Die Juppitergigantensdulen Stuttgart 1910 pp. 82—84. The
clearest introduction to the subject together with the fullest collection of material will be
found in Haug's article, which is a model of concise and accurate investigation.

1 This sandstone drum (height o"5im, diameter 0'44m) stood formerly in the Templars'
Church at Neckarelz, its upper surface having been hollowed out to contain a copper
basin for holy water. In 1873 it passed into the collection of the Altertu?nsverein at
Mannheim. It is described and figured by Haug in the Westdeutsche Zeitschrift 1890 ix.
29 f. pi. r, 1 ( = my fig. 28), cp. Reinach Rep. Reliefs ii. 68 nos. 1—3. Of the individual
deities (a) Saturnus wears hose, sleeved garment with girdle, and veil; in his right hand
he holds the hdrpe, in his left a bull's head (?cp. Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 172
fig. 2403, supra i. 298 n. 7): (b) Sol, wearing chlamys, raises his right hand towards his
flowing locks : (c) Luna, in chitin, himdtion, and tasselled veil, likewise raises her right
hand towards her head : (d) Mars, clad in tunic and cuirass, has a helmet on his head,
a spear in his right hand and a shield in his left: (e) Mercurius wears a winged cap (?)
and a chlamys over his left shoulder ; his left hand holds the caduceus, his right hand
a purse ; and beside him crouches a misshapen goat : (f) Iupiter, quite naked, has a
thunderbolt in his right hand, a long sceptre in his left: (g) Venus stands with crossed
legs, her left hand pressing against her garment, her right uplifting a mirror.