Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

Iupiter-Columns

79

crouching or reclining figure commonly1 turns his back towards the
rider, whose horse he supports on his shoulders or hands (fig. 42)2 or

...i.jS-......

Fig. 41.

even on his head. He is bearded or unbearded, but always male3;
his legs end in snakes with snaky heads of their own ; and he

1 F. Hertlein op. cit. p. 39 f. notes the exceptions—Heddernheim 1884 (ib. p. 6,
supra p. 71 n. 6), Butterstadt (ib. p. 5 f., supra p. 78 n. 2), Higny (ib. p. 25), Arlon
(ib. p. 23), Hommert (ib. p. 11). The last-named group is unusually complete (height
i'i5m> .breadth o'5im). It was found in the forest of Hommert and is now in the Nancy
Museum (L. Wiener Catalogue du Musie historique Lorraht1 Nancy 1895 p. 33 no. 243,
F. Hertlein op. cit. pp. 11, 30 n. 1, 31, 33, 34, 35, 40, 42, Esperandieu Bas-reliefs de la
Gaule Ro?n. vi. 24^ no. 4557 with photographic cut). I reproduce the engraving given
by P. Morey in the Me'moires de P Acade'mie de Stanilas 1867 p. 143 ff. with pi. facing
p. 135, fig. A=my fig. 41. The rider is bearded and, except for his clumsy-looking cloak,
nude. The right forefoot of the horse seems to have pawed the air; the left is broken off
short. The other figure, half sitting up in a very awkward attitude, turns his face towards
the left side of the rider, whose feet he touches with both hands.

2 Group in stone (height o-67m, length of plinth 0-34"') found at Pforzheim in 1869
and now at Karlsruhe (E. Wagner in the Westdeutsche Zeitschrifl 1882 i. 36 ff. pi. 1,2 -
my fig. 42, Reinach Rep. Stat. ii. 529 no. 2, F. Hertlein op. cit. pp. 4, 29, 37 f., 42, 46).
The galloping rider wears tunica, lorica with belt, and paludamcntum. The giant is
bearded, and supports both forefeet of the horse on his hands.

3 This is convincingly shown by F. Hertlein op. cit. p. 42 ff.