Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

98

The Column of Mayence

mind that, just as Iuno Regina stands between Sol and Luna, or
the Genius Neronis between the Lares, so each figure beneath Nero
is flanked by two appropriate supporters. Read downwards the
column will speak for itself: Iupiter, Iuno, Nero, Pax1, Ceres2,
Victoria. The mere names convey their message: ' Under the
blessing of Iupiter and Iuno, Nero has brought Peace and
Plenty in the train of Victory.' The side-figures emphasise and
enhance this gracious announcement. Peace with olive-branch and
caduceus is attended by the civic virtues of Sanctity and Love, who
appear in august yet popular form as Iuno Sancta3 and Venus

Mitth. 1896 xix. 97 no. 45 Constantza o.vtokp&[to] pi Kaiaapi [..\...]vQ 2e/3<x[cr]|Tui
E\e(u)0[e/3t]]a> '0\vfnr[iw \ <j]wTrjpi | [xa]piaTrj[pi o]i>, Corp. inscr. All. iii. 1 no. 492
[Zlaj'ofs I 'E]Xei'0ept[oi'?] J [deov Tpcuavov vibv, 0eou?]~Sepova v[iwi>bi>? | Tpaiavb]v' Adpia.v[bi>
"2,efkurr6v ?]. Antoninus Pius in archaising inscriptions from Sparta etc. quoted infra
p. ior n. 1), Apollon [Brit. Mits. Cat. Coins Thessaly etc. p. 62 pi. 13, 4, Head
Hist, num.- p. 314 coppers of Apollonia Illyrici with obv. N6PC0NI ATTOAACONI
KTI CTH Nero to right, in long chiton and chlamys, playing lyre, cp. Morell. Thes. Num.
Imp. Rom. ii. 125 pi. 14, 21 f. obv. NEPfiNI ATTOAAnNI Nero to right, in long
chitdn and chlamjis, playing lyre, ib. ii. 1241". pi. [4, 19 f. rev. NEPflN ATTOAAflN
head of Nero to right ; J. J. Bernoulli Romische Ikonographie Berlin und Stuttgart r886
ii. r. 390, 392, 411 f., Amelung Sculpt. Vatic, ii. 478 f. no. 277 pi. 63, W. Helbig Fiihrer
durch die offentlichen Sammlitngen Idassischer Altertiimer in Rom3 Leipzig 1912 i. 142
no. 215. See further Dion Cass. 6r. 20 6 kcl\6s Kaiaap, 6 ' AirbWwv, 6 Avyovaros, els ws
llvdios, 63. 20 ~S4puvt ru> 'AwdWufi, cp. Suet. Ncr. 53), Herakles (Dion Cass. 63. 20
~SepujpL tw 'Hpa/cAei, cp. Suet. Ner. 53), Helios [Inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 2713, 31 ff. = Ditten-
berger Syll. inscr. Gr.- no. 376, 3r ft. Akraiphia 6 rod iravrbs koct/xov Kvpios Nepcot1... | veos
"HXtos i-!TL\d/j.\pas Tois"E\\ri(riv, cp. Suet. Ner. 53), and the Agathos Daimon [Brit. Mus.
Cat. Coins Alexandria etc. p. 20 f. pi. 26, 171, Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 413, Head Hist.
num.2 p. 863 billon coins of Alexandria with rev. N EO • A TAG • AAIM Agathos
Daimon as a snake wearing skhent and holding in its coils poppy-heads and corn-ears.
Cp. Corp. inscr. Gr. iii no. 4699, 2 ff. = Dittenberger Orient. Gr. inscr. set. no. 666, 2 ff.
Gizeh [Nepcov] KXavoios Kataap ^€j3aarbs | Tep/xavLKos avTOKparup, 6 ayadbs dai/ULWf rrjs
oiKov/jLevr/s). Infra §3 (a) iii (i/-).

1 This identification is made by Airs Strong in the Rev. Arch. 1913 ii. 324. Others
had conjectured Maia (A. von Domaszewski), Rosmerta (S. Reinach), Libera? (A. Oxe),
Felicitas (Quilling).

2 So named by K. Korber, Quilling, and E. Neeb. A. von Domaszewski, A. Oxe,
and S. Reinach call this figure Pax. Mrs Strong in the Rev. Arch. 1913 ii. 326 proposes
the name Tellus on the ground that Ceres must be recognised elsewhere. But that ground,
as we shall see (infra n. 3), is fallacious.

:i A. von Domaszewski fancies that this goddess is Persephone. A. Oxe clubs her
Gallia Aquitanica, the province being famous for its trade in leather ! Quilling no less
absurdly conjectures a Parca Itala standing on the head of a vitulns ! S. Reinach in the
Rev. Arch. 1913 i. 29 says Ceres because (a) room must be found for Ceres somewhere,
(b) she holds an object which may be a double torch, (c) a statuette in the British Museum,
figured by S. Lysons An account of Roman Antiquities discovered at Woodchester in the
county of Gloucester London 1797 p. 10 pis. 38 and 39 (Diana Lucifera), represents Ceres
with her foot on the head of an ox. But (a) Ceres is more probably the goddess with
corn-ears (supra n. 2), (b) Reinach's Ceres is holding no torch, but a sceptre in her left hand,
a patera in her right (see Mrs Strong in the Rev. Arch. 1913 ii. 323 n. 1), (c) the marble
statuette from Woodchester was labelled Luna by Sir A. W. Franks, presumably because the