Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

io2 Commemorative Columns

(Gnecchi Medagl. Rom. ii. 10 no. 6 pi. 43, 5, Frohner M£d. emp. rom. p. 73 f. fig.
(=my fig. 58), Cohen Monn. emp. rom.* ii. 287 no. 153 fig., Stevenson—Smith—Madden
Diet. Rom. Coins p. 248 fig.) : it seems probable that here too the divinised emperor is
assimilated to the sky-god (Frohner toe. cit.), though this is certainly not proved by the
presence of the eagle as carrier; indeed the late motif oi Zeus seated or recumbent on an
eagle, which occurs on coins of Alexandreia {Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Alexandria p. 48
no. 397 and 398 ( = my fig. 59) Trajan pi. 1, Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 433 no. 241 Trajan,
Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Zeus pp. 264, 602 Miinztaf. 3, 30 ; Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins
Alexandria p. 80 nos. 673—675 ( = my fig. 60) Hadrian, Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 447
no. 332 Hadrian ; Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Alexandria p. 118 no. 1014 ( = my fig. 61) and

Fig. 62. Fig. 61. Fig. 63.

1015 Antoninus Pius pi. 1, Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 470 no. 471 Antoninus Pius; Brit.
Mus. Cat. Coins Alexandria p. 221 no. 1724 ( = my fig. 62) Iulia Mamaea; id. p. 227
no. 1768 ( = my fig. 63) and a 769 Maximinus, Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 504 no. 713
Maximinus; ib. iii. 522 no. 867 Philippus Iunior), in the stucco relief of a vaulted tomb
on the Via Latina (E. Petersen in the Ann. d. Inst. 1861 xxxiii. 203 f., Mon. d. Inst.
vi—vii pi. 49), and elsewhere (supra i. 754 n. 2, Furtwangler Geschnitt. Steine Berlin
p. 121 no. 2609 pi. 23, ib. p. 150 no. 3445 f. pi. 28, ib. p. 246 no. 6715 pi. 48, ib. p. 299
no. 8154 pi. 59, Brit. Mus. Cat. Gems p. 91 no. 581, Brit. Mus. Cat. Lamps p. 95 f.
no. 629^, p. 113 no. 751 fig. 138, p. 121 no. 804, p. 124 nos. 824 fig. 149, 825, p. 142
no. 942, p. 156 nos. 1046, 1047, 1048 pi. 31, 1049 (CP- m>* 64 from a fine specimen in
the Lewis collection—diam. 4f ins.—photographed by Mr W. H. Hayles), p. 203 no. 1357 :
see further Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Zeus pp. 263—266, Miiller—Wieseler—Wernicke
Ant. Denkm. i. 451". pi. 4, 6), is itself presumably derived from the oonseeratio-type (K. Sittl
Der Adler und die Weltkugel als Attribute des Zeus (Besonderer Abdruck aus dem
vierzehnten Supplementbande der Jahrbucher fiir classische Philologie) Leipzig 1884
p. 37 f., L. Deubner ' Die Apotheose des Antoninus Pius' in the Rom. Mitth. 1912 xxvii.
1—20 figs. 1—4. See further an interesting chapter in F. Cumont Etudes Syriennes Paris