Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

24-6 Dionysos displaced by Apollon

the other, Apollon had ivy-leaves1, flutes2, and pan-pipes3. Appel-

Brunn—Bruckmann Denkm. der gr. und rom. Sculpt, pi. 119, Overbeck Gr. Plastik*
ii. 124 f., 138, Collignon Hist, de la Sculpt, gr. ii. 459 f. fig. 240). A red-figured
kratir from Campania, now at Petrograd, has a lyre-playing Dionysos grouped with two
Maenads and a Satyr (Stephani Vasensamml. St. Petersburg \\. 293 f. no. 1774). And an
Apulian kdntharos at Boston shows him seated beneath a grape-vine, thyrsos in hand ;
on the ground at his left is a lyre, at his right a pair of pipes (Robinson Cat. Vases Boston
p. 186 f. no. 515). Less conclusive is a red-figured kratir in the Cabinet des Medailles at
Paris (no. 4778), which shows an ivy-crowned Dionysos seated on a rock, playing a lyre,
with Maenads and Satyrs grouped about him (Reinach Vases Ant. p. 73 pi. 53 ; but
Lenormant—de Witte El. mon. cer. ii. 213 ff. pi. 71 interpret the scene as 'Apollon a
Nysa' cp. Diod. 3. 59, Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon pp. 325, 330 no. 28). The
niotij'of Dionysos with the lyre, which is not found in art before the beginning of s. v B.C.,
seems not to occur at all in literature ; for in Kallistr. 8. 4 elarfjKei 5e (sc. 6 Ai6vv<ros) tt]v
\vpav ewtpdbwv tu OvpaLp Jacobs, followed by K. Schenkl and E. Reisch, cj. \aidv and
Pierson cj. -n-Xevpdv.

1 Aristoteles theologumena (= Aristot. frag. 284 (Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 190 Midler)) ap.
Macrob. Sat. 1. 18. 2 apud Lacedaemonios etiam in sacris quae Apollini celebrant (cele-
brabant B. G.), Hyacinthia vocantes, hedera coronantur Bacchico ritu. On this festival
see Nilsson Gr. Feste p. 129 ff., Farnell Cults of Gk. States iv. 125 ff., 264 ff., P. Stengel
in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. ix. r f., E. Bischoff ib. ix. 31"., S. Eitrem id. ix. 7 ff. Mart.
Cap. 10 item eum [sc. Apollinem) in Helicona Delon Lyciamque sectantur. sed alibi
lauros primores (primes D.) arentesque ederas alibi cariantem (carientem D.) tripodem
crepidasque situ murcidas (marcidas D.) praesagiorumque interlitam memoriam reppere-
runt. //. mag. 2. 27 (Abel Orphica p. 288) devpo, rdxos 5' eiri yaiav, Irjie, Kicraeoxa.'iTa. (so
E. Abel for KLacreoxa-ira pap.): with this description of Apollon cp. that of Dionysos in
Pratinas frag. 1. 17 Bergk4 ap. Athen. 617 F KicrcroxatT' (leg. /ao-croxcur' T. Bergk and E.
Hiller print Kiaaoxo-Lr' after J. Schweighaeuser) dva^, aKove rdv i^dv Awpiov xopdav, in
Ekphantides fad. inc. frag. 2 (Frag. com. Gr. ii. 13 Meineke) quoted by Kratinosfab. inc.
frag. 52 (Frag. com. Gr. ii. 194 f. Meineke) and thence by Hephaistion euch. 15. 21 etiie
KicraoxalT' dva^, xa<Pj and perhaps in the paidn of Philodamos (supra p. 243 n. 3), also
h. Dion. 26. 1 KtaaoKOfiriv Aiouvaov, /user. Gr. ins. vii no. 80 (Arkesine) ' Ayadlvos '' Ayadivov
tou K\to(pd[i>TOv] | Atofuaui KiaaoKOfJ-ai Kal tQl [Atj/jloji], where klc(toko/j-cls with its non-Ionic
termination is, as Wilamowitz ad loc. saw, a tag from some lyrical poet, Anth. Pal. 6. 56. 1
(Makedonios of Thessalonike) KiaaoKbixav Bpo/uio: *Zdrvpov k.t.X., where O. Hofer in Roscher
Lex. Myth. ii. 1 207 needlessly supposes a Satyr-name KicrcroKo^s and it is at least a question
whether we should not read KLaaoKOfia with the ed. princeps (Florentina a. 1494) of
Planoudes. At Voni, N.E. of Nikosia in Kypros, is the sanctuary of a god, who is called
Apollon by inscriptions (M. Ohnefalsch-Richter in the Ath. Mitth. 1884 ix. 135 ff.
nos. 1—6, J. L. Myres and M. Ohnefalsch-Richter A Catalogue of the Cyprus A/usetcm
Oxford 1899 p. 148 nos. 5143—5145) but has the attributes of Zeus, viz. eagle (ib. p. 145
no. 5048 f.) or Nike (ib. p. 146 no. 5050) : I figure nos. 5048 and 5050 after Ohnefalsch-
Richter Kypros pp. 266, 330, 376 pi. 40, 1 f. and 4f., cp. id. in the Ath. Mitth. 1884 ix.

133 f. no. 10 f. pi. 5, 6 f. ; fig. 164 is a limestone statue (height 1 ,i6m) of Apollon wreathed
with bay, resting his left arm on a round column with a debased Doric capital and
holding a cylindrical object (scroll?) in his left hand, while an eagle perched on his wrist
looks up at him ; fig. 165 is a similar statue (height i'95m), of which the left arm rests on
a Doric column, the left hand holds a Nike, the right hand a palm-bradch—the pose
being reproduced in fig. 166 (after Kypros locc. citt. pi. 40, 3, cp. Ath. Mitth. 1884

134 f. pi. 5. 8, Catalogue p. 145 no. 5037) = a similar statue (height 2-om) of a votary
holding the same lustral branch. An irregular block of limestone found in this precinct
records in lettering of s. ii (?) B.C. a series of sacrifices (to Apollon?) performed by certain
thiasoi including 6 ffiacros tQ[v~\ | Kiadw[v], which has been taken to mean ' the ivy-men'
(M. Ohnefalsch-Richter in the Ath. Mitth. 1884 ix. 137 f. no. 8, id. Kypros pp. 5 no. 9,