Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

35^

Zan an older Zeus

detects yet another name comparable with that of Ianus1. And
it should be noticed that Diias and D/as, the immediate precursors
otZas, have been handed down to us as variants of the name borne
by one of the Titans-, whose relation to the Cretan Zeus or Zagreus
we have already considered3. Indeed, according to one of the Greek
etymological lexicons, Zeus himself was called £>/as4—a remark
which has not attracted the attention that it deserves. We may
therefore with some confidence point to the series

Diias Dias Zeis

as a Greek equivalent of the Latin5

*Divianus Dianns Ianits.

1 P. Kretschmer in O. Kern De Orphei Epimenidis Pherecydis theogoniis quaestiones
criticae Berolini 1888 p. 93 n. 64: 'Graeci ex antiquissimis temporibus duo habebant
summi dei nomina, quae non radicibus, sed suffixis inter se differebant : Zeus ex *Z-rjv-t et
ZaVs ex *Z-dp-s (cf. lat. Ianus, Abl. lane) exortum ; quae hoc modo flectebantur:

I Zetfs 11 Zdes Plur. Zdves (eliac.)

7jT)v Zacct (cf. cret. ToVa)

AiFbs Zapos
AiFi Zdvi (cf. lac. Zavi)

Ex Zijv et ZdVa compluribus in dialectis novus accusativus Z^a (cf. cret. A-^pa, Tijva,
Trrjua; Pind. Z?}ea) mixtUS est, a quo aliorum quoque casuum nova flexio (gen. Zr/vbs,
dat. ZrjvL, nom. Zr?s) proficiscebatur.—In ionica autem dialecto cum -oVs in -as et a in rj
transiret, altera (11) flexio ita mutanda erat:

Zds (Pherecyd.)
Zrjva )

Zrjvbs > Homer.
Zrjvi )

Ergo Zds apud Pherecydem exspectanda atque postulanda est forma, Ztjs—si ab eo scripta
est—per analogiam ficta. Alia autem flexio quae apud ilium scriptorem inveniri videtur :
ZdsZdfra (non Zdvra\) Zdvros Zdvri exemplo participiorum ut fids (3dvra fidvros fidvn
adducta est.'

After this we can hardly maintain with Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 1100 n. 1 that the
Pherecyclean Zds was ' Freie Erfindung,' though we may well suppose with him ib.
pp. 427, 1114 n. 1 that Pherekydes saw in the name an allusion to the 'life' of the world
{supra i. 11 n. 5, 28 n. 8, 29 n. 4, 31 n. 3, 196 f.).

2 Choirobosk. Trepi bpdoypacpias in Cramer anecd. Oxon. ii. 192, 13 ff. Atas' otd tou 1
ypd(perai ' utawep ydp dnb rrjs dpaKovros yeviKijs yiverai SpaKOvrias, ovrus /cat airb tt]s Aibs
yeviKrjs yiverai Attas, /cat /card npiaiv (leg. Kpdffiv) tG)v dvo tt et's %v t jxaKpbv Aias — et. mag.
p. 271, 3 ff. Atas' tlis a7ro rod dpaKiov 5paK0VT0S, dpaKOvrias, ovrw /cat a7r6 tov Atos yiverai
Alias' Kai Kpdaei, Atas. iareov Se on to Atas /cat Getas (Get'as /cat Atas cod. V.) did rod NT
tckivovrai' to be Getas /cat Attas (Aetas cod. V.), io-oavWdfiws, cp. id. p. 270, 10 ff. Atas'
6 rjpus, els tQv Tirdvuv. wapd tt)v Atos yeviKrjv, Atas. 7) els rwv neXo7rt5ujf. yiverai wapd
to Aeos, Aetas' /cat ev ffvvaXoKprj, Aetas, citd rrjs EI 5i(p66yyov 6 Seos ipiwoiQv — et. Grid.
p. 144, 54 ff. = Favorin. lex. p. 492, 13 ff. On the various mythical persons etc. named
Atas see H. W. Stoll in Roscher Lex. Myth. i. 1011 f. and P. Natorp in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Ene. iv. 2446, G. Wissowa ib. v. 345.

3 Supra i. 398 f., 647, 654 ff.

4 Et. Gitd. p. 144, 57 ff. Atas' 6 Zet's, 5i' ov fapiev, wapd to biaiveiv, tovt' eari wXvveiv
tt\v yrjv. f) irapd to 5eiv, 6 ecrri avvexeiv /cat bea/xeveiv to avfxwav aiadrjrbv. 7) wapd to £rjv.

5 Supra p. 339.