Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

358 lanus represented as Vault or Archway

but without the entablature, occurs on the reverse of aurei struck by
Nero (fig. 245)1. It is, however, from the 'first brass' (figs. 246—249)-
and 'second brass' (figs. 250, 251)3 of this emperor that we gain
the clearest idea of the building. The said pieces show us a small
oblong edifice with a heavy flat roof. At either end is a pair of
Roman Doric or Corinthian columns carrying a semicircular arch,
which is filled by shut doors and adorned with a festoon. The long
side of the structure is of unusual design, consisting of two or more
courses of masonry topped by an open grill, above which is seen
the entablature, sometimes embellished with palmettes and scroll-
work. H. Jordan justly infers that this peculiar building was not, to
speak strictly, an aedes at all, but rather a double archway, a ianits
Geminus as the Romans themselves termed it4. Sheathed through-
out with bronze5 it would aptly represent the bronze sky of early
belief'1—a similitude borne out by its arched vault and its four
supporting pillars7.

fig. 244), Rasche Lex. Num. ii. 76, iv. 504 f., Suppl. iii. 70, A. Boutkowski Didionnairt
numismatique Leipzig 1878 p. 327 no. 717, Cohen Monn. emp. row.'2 i. 79 no. no,
Stevenson—Smith—Madden Diet. Rom. Coins p. 473. Morell's two specimens are hardly
above suspicion. The first was derived from H. Goltz, the second from J. Oisel; and
Goltz, though an enthusiast, was no critic (Babelon JMonn.gr. rom. i. 1. 102 ff.).

1 Morell. Thes. Num. Imp. Rom. ii. 72 f. pi. 4, 9 and 10, Rasche Lex. Num. iv. 506 f.,
vi. 340, 343, Suppl. iii. 70, Cohen Monn. emp. rom.*\. 287 nos. 114 and 115, Mm. Rollin
et Feuardent Collection /. E. Monnaies romaines en or Paris 1909 p. 8 no. 40 pi. 2 ( = my
ng- 245).

2 Morell. Thes. Num. Imp. Rom. ii. 101 pi. 9, 18 and 19, Rasche Lex. Num. iv. 506 f.,
vi. 341 ff., Suppl. iii. 70, T. L. Donaldson Architecture; Numismatica London 1859 p. 48 ff.
no. 12 (pi.), Cohen Monn. emp. rom?'\. 289 f. nos. 133, 134, 136—140, 143 fig., 144—146,
152, 154, 155, 158—162, R. Weil in Baumeister Denkm. i. 235 fig. 206, Stevenson—
Smith—Madden Diet. Rom. Coins p. 473 f. fig., J. Toutain in Daremberg—Saglio Diet.
Ant. iii. 610 fig. 4140. Figs. 246—249 are from specimens in my collection.

3 Morell. Thes. Num. Imp. Rom. ii. [05 pi. 10, 13—15, Rasche Lex. Num. iv. 506 f.,
vi. 341 ff., Suppl. iii. 70, Cohen Monn. emp. rom.'1 i. 288 ff. nos. 132, 135, 141, 142,
14S—151, 153, 156, 157, 163—177. Figs. 250, 251 are from specimens in my collection.

4 H. Jordan Topographie der Stadt Rom im Alterthum Berlin 1885 2- 351 f-> cp- ib.
P- 346 n- 45-

5 This appears from an interesting description in Prokop. tie bell. Goth. t. 25 (cp.
supra p. 335 n. 3) o re ve<l>s airas xaXftoOs iv tu (tw cod. K. om. cod. L.) Terpayutvu}
<rxvV-aTL e&rriKe, toctoutos ixIvtoi (so cod. K. fjtev cod. L.), oaov (baos cod. K.) to a-yaX/m
ffKeireiv. ccttl de xa^K0^v V°~<yov v 7rVX^}1' 7!~e*'7"£ T0 &ya.X/j.a tovto, to, /xev aXXa irdvra
i/j.<f>epis avdptxnru), Bnrpocruirov Serijv Ke(paXrjv '^Xovi Kal T0'lv Trpoaibiroiv (rod irpoawirov cod. L.)
ddrepov /xh' vpbs avtaxovTUi T0 5£ 'irepov irpbs BvovTa 17X101' Terpawrai. dvpai re xaX/cat e<j!>'
inarepLp wpoadivixi eiaiv, as 8tj iv ju,ev elp'rjvr] Kal ayaddls irpdy/j-aatv (om. cod. L.) iirLTidecrOai
to TraXaibv'Fw/u.aioi ivop-ifav, iro\ifj.ov 5e atpiuiv bvros aviipyov {dveC)X^aL cod. L.). k.t.X.

6 To the passages cited stipra i. 632 n. 3 add Lact. de opificio Dei 17 (Corp. Vindob.
xxvii. 56, 12 ff. Brandt) an si mihi quispiam dixerit aeneum esse caelum aut vitreum aut,
ut Empedocles ait, aerem glaciatum, statimne adsentiar, quia caelum ex qua materia sit
ignorem ?

7 Supra p. 141.