Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

Apollon and Artemis 489

a hyper-Dorism for fir/Xa (E. Boisacq Les dialectes doriens Paris—Liege 1891 p. 47 n. 1),
it is far more probable that MaXocpopos means ' Apple-bearing,' and that we should
interpret in this sense Kallim. h. Dem. 138 <pep(3e j36as' (pepe fj.a\a, <pepe araxvv ' olae
6epLff/j.6v : see O. Schneider ad loc, who aptly quotes schol. II. 9. 542 {avroh avdeai. firfKuv)
fj.rfko<popov he Kai tt)v Arj/n-rjTpav TifxGxriv. Selinous, founded by Dorians from the Sicilian
Megara and therefore a grand-daughter of Megara in Greece, maintained the worship of
the goddess (A. Salinas in the Not. Scavi 1894 p. 208 ff. = F. Blass in Collitz—Bechtel Gr.
Dial.-Inschr. iii. 2. 238 f. no. 5213 on a tufa-base with a small cornice QevXXos Ylvppla \
avedr^Ke tcLl | MaXo06pa>i | ev(x)dv evneXa, cp. Hesych. s.v. ep.ireXa' ep.ireXa£e, wpbaaye,
Zyy^e ; Inscr. Gr. Sic. It. no. 268 = F. Bechtel in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. iii. 1.
26 f. no. 3046 = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr.'1 no. 7 =. r on a tufa-block from the left a/ita
of the ddyton of the temple of Apollon at Selinous in lettering of c. 450 B.C. [5t]d rtbs 0ecos
TO)[cr]5e vlkCcvtl tol ~ZeXiv<liv[Tiot. ■] | [5i]a t'ov Ai'a viKuipies Kai 5ia tov Qbfiov [Kai] | [o]ia
Hpa/cXea Kai St' 'A-TroXXawa Kai 8ta II[or]le[t5a]j'a Kai 5td Tw5api'5ay Kai di' 'A0[u] j'[at]ai'
Kai Slo. ^SlaXocpopov Kai 5ia llaaiK pa\j]etav Kai 81a run aXXws deios, [S]ia 5e Aia | ^dXiffT[a].
0tXt'a[s] Se yevonevas e^xpi;cr[ew[s] 6Xd[cra]j'Ta[s, ra 5'] ovv/Mara ravra ko\ d-^avT[as es] to
'A[7r]oX[X]dij'(o;' Ka6d4fie\v, -r0 Ai6[s Trpo~\ypa\L\pa\i>Te<i {sic)' to 5e xPvai0V \ i^jKo\yra t]a\dv-
t<j)v rifj-ev). The Macedonian month ~Sla\ocp6pLos (cited from the dictionary of Papias the
Lombard (1053—1063 A.D.) by K. F. Hermann in Philologus 1847 ii. 262 : see also
E. F. Bischoff ' De fastis Graecorum antiquioribus' in Leipziger Studien fur classische
Philologie vii Leipzig 1884 p. 374 with n. 6 (= Pyanopsion)) perhaps implies a festival of
Demeter ^la\o<p6pos. In any case we have no reason to connect the title with Apollon.

(4) In the grove of Apollon at Gryneia in S. Aiolis was an ancient oracle (Steph.
Byz. s.v. Ypvvoi, cp. Yerg. Aeu. 4. 345). Here Kalchas and Mopsos were said to have
had a contest in seer-craft, each attempting to divine the number of apples on a certain
tree. Mopsos won, and Kalchas died of chagrin (Euphorion ap. Serv. in Verg. eel. 6. 72
= Myth. Vat. 1. 194, 2. 224).

Apollod. epit. 6. 2 f. and Strab. 642, following YLe&.frag. 169 Flach, 160 Rzach (cp.
the nostoi as summarised by Proklos in G. Kinkel Epicorum Graecorum fragmenta
Lipsiae 1877 p. 53 : Konon narr. 6 deviates widely), state that the contest took place
near Kolophon in the grove of Apollon KXdpios, which likewise possessed an ancient
oracle. Kalchas, returning from Troy on foot with Amphilochos son of Amphiaraos (cp.
Theopomp. frag. 112 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 296 Midler) ap. schol. //. 2. 135, Quint. Smyrn.
14. 360 ff.), had reached Klaros (cp. Kallinos frag. 8 Bergk4 ap. Strab. 668), when he
fell in with a better seer than himself, Mopsos son of Teiresias' daughter Manto, and died
of vexation. Kalchas had asked Mopsos how many figs there were on a certain wild
fig-tree. Mopsos had said : 'Ten thousand,—you can measure them with a bushel, and
there will be one fig over.' This answer had proved to be correct, and straightway Kalchas
had died. Strab. 643 says that, according to Pherekydes [frag. 95 [Frag. hist. Gr. i. 94
Muller)), the numerical question concerned the unborn litter of a sow ; and that others
combined this version with that of the wild fig-tree. He adds (id. 643 and 675) that in
Sophokles' 'EXevTjs dvaiT^ffis (frag. 180 Jebb) Kalchas was fated to die when he met a
better seer than himself, and that the scene of his contest with Mopsos and his subsequent
death was here transferred to Kilikia, which the poet inexactly termed Pamphylia (see,
however, Hdt. 7. 91, Strab. 668, Paus. 7. 3. 7). Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 427, 440, 980, 1047
mentions both Kolophon and Kilikia, the wild fig-tree and the sow, cp. Eustath. in
Dionys. per. 850. The sequel too deserves notice. According to one version, Amphilochos
and Mopsos founded Mallos in Kilikia. Amphilochos then departed to Argos, entrusting
his kingdom to Mopsos for a year. At the year's end he returned; but Mopsos would not
give up the kingdom. So they quarrelled, and slew one another in single fight (Euphorion
ap. Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 440, Strab. 675 f., cp. Cic. de divin. 1. 88, Loukian. Alex. 29,
concil. dear. 12). According to another version, Amphilochos son of Alkmaion on his
return from Troy was carried by a storm to Kolophon (schol. Od. 13. 259) and so en-
countered Mopsos. The two met in single combat to decide the kingship, and succeeded
in slaying each other (Apollod. epit. 6. 19, cited by Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 440).