Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

Apollon and Artemis

A very similar story is connected with Sin's in Lucania. Herakles, when driving the
cattle of Geryon, saw Kalchas—not the son of Thestor mentioned above, but a seer of
the same name—sitting under a wild fig-tree, and asked him how many figs were on_thg
tree. Kalchas replied : ' Ten bushels, and one fig over, which you cannot get into them.'
Herakles proceeded to measure the figs and, despite all his efforts, failed to get in the
extra one. Kalchas laughed at him. Thereupon Herakles with a blow of his fist slew
the seer, and buried him beside the fig-tree (schol. Lyk. Al. 978 and 980: allusions in
Lyk. Al. 978 ff., 1047 with Tzetz. ad locc ). Since Siris was colonised from Kolophon
(J. Oehler in Pauly—Wissowa Rcal-Enc. i. 2833 f.), it is likely enough that the Colopho-
nian account of Kalchas' contest was brought over to Siris, and there perhaps attached to
the Daunian king Kalchos (Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 923 f.).

These stories are of deep interest as implying a contest a outrance for the position of
priestly king. They are, in fact, the attenuated Greek equivalent of the contest at Nemi :
cp. e.g. the language of Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 1047 'A,u0t\oxos 5e Kara rivets avvaipeiTai tu>
Moi/'y tovtu} irepi rfjs a-pxvs fiavTiKTjs fxovofMaxrio-as. It is indeed probable that the
apple-tree at Gryneia and the wild fig-tree at Kolophon were sacred trees, like that of
Diana Nemoreusis. If so, it may be maintained that Apollon Tpvveios was specially
connected with apples.

(5) Apples were given as prizes at the Pythian games (Max. Tyr. diss. 5. 8 Diibner
'0\v/ATridat fxev /cat llvdoi ovk eVecrt kotlvov \aj3eiv, ovSe ixrfKwv ru;y_etf, avTov e<fi' eavrov
KovLtjajxevov, aWa avrayuvLarQu Set tui Kripvy/xari, 7. 4 Diibner fxeTaax6^" kotivov fxbvov

OXv/XTTLacnv, d\\a /cat irirvos 'Iffd/JiiKrjs, /cat treXivov 'ApyoXiKov, /cat fj.rj\wv HvOikQv, Anth.
Pal. 9. 357 {adJspoton : 'Apxtov Plan.) riaaapes eicriv ay&ves av' 'EXXaSa, reaaapes Ipoi, | ot
8vo p.ev 6i>t]twi>, ot dvo 5' adav&Twv, | Ti-qvos, Ar]To'i8ao, IlaXcu/xoj'os, 'Apxe/xopoio ' ] d#Xa 5e
tQiv Kortfos, p-r)\a, cre'XtJ'a, tt'ltvs — Auson. eel. 20 (p. 103 Peiper) quattuor antiquos cele-
bravit Achaia ludos. | caelicolum duo sunt et duo festa hominum. | sacra Iovis Phoebique,
Palaemonis Archemorique, | serta quibus pinus, malus, oliva, apium. Cp. Phlegon
frag. 1 cited supra p. 466 n. 11), and are represented in connection with them on imperial
coppers of Delphoi {Brit. Mas. Cat. Coins Central Greece p. 30 pi. 4, 23 and 24 (=my
fig. 372) obv. 0€A<P AYCT6INA Bust of Faustina Senior to right; rev. TTV 01 A
Agonistic table, on which are a crow, five apples, and a bay-wreath. Fig. 373, from a
specimen in my collection, is similar, except that it shows a vase also on the table. Cp.
J. N. Svoronos in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1896 xx. 46 ff. pi. 30, 1—8, where the apples
are wrongly described as acpaipiSia, Anson Num. Gr. i. 98 nos. 943 f. pi. 17), of Philippo-
polis in Thrace [Brit. A/us. Cat. Coins The Tauric Chersonese, etc. p. 165 no. 36 obv.
AVTKAAAVPCEVH ANTflNEI NOC Bust of Caracalla to left, laureate; rev.
KOINONOPAKHNAAE ZANAPIAEN4>I Al mOTTO Z?^j-thrower standing
to left with diskos and three apples in his hands. Across the field is TTV 01 A, p- 166
no. 37 fig. (—my fig. 374) obv. The same inscription. Bust of Caracalla to right, radiate;
rev. KOI NON0PAK n NAAEZANAP IA E N <t> IAITT TTOTTOAI Agonistic
table, on which is an urn inscribed TTV0IA containing two palms. Beneath the table