Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

564 The double axe and Zeus Labrdyndos

(fig. 447)1. Again, at Mostene2 and at Tabala (fig. 448)3, as at
Thyateira4, he wears a rayed crown. But he is never accompanied
by a name, so that we cannot say whether he represents Tyrimnos
or, as is more probable, the hero of the immediate neighbourhood.
In any case he is a hero on his way to becoming a god. Indeed,
he is apparently identified with Apollon at Hypaipa, where he
adopts the guise of Apollon Tyrimnos (fig. 449)5. We have, how-
ever, reason to think that the Lydians sometimes brought their
labrys into connexion with a goddess. At Mostene, where the hero

Fig. 449. Fig. 450. Fig. 451. Fig. 452.

stood in some relation to a sacred cypress6, imperial coppers show
a goddess (Demeter?), with kdlathos and long chiton, holding two
corn-ears in her right hand and a double axe in her left (fig. 450)7;
or else they show the axe alone between a bunch of grapes and
two ears of corn (fig. 4.5 1 )8. And at Nysa a copper of Maximinus
represents a goddess (Kore ?), with chiton and himdtion, who has a
snake (?) in her right hand and leans her left arm on a double axe
(fig. 452)0. These types suggest that the Hittite god, who at Ivriz

1 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia pp. lxxv.i, 164 no. 15 Gallienus, Hunter Cat. Coins ii.
458 pi- 55, 24 ( = my fig. 447), Imhoof-Blumer Monn. gr. p. 387 no. 20 Marcus Aurelius,
no. 2 1 Commodus.

2 Brit. A/us. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 162 pi. 17, 10 time of Commodus (?), p. 163 pi. 17,
12 ( = my fig. 446) Lucius Verus, p. 163 pi. 17, 13X?) Lucilla, p. 163 no. 13 Commodus,
p. 164 nos. 15, 16, 17 pi. 17, 14 Gallienus, F. Imhoof-Blumer Lydische Stadtmiinzen
p. 102 no. 8, p. 103 f.

3 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 289 pi. 28, 12 Commodus, cp. p. 291 no. 15 Severus
Alexander, F. Imhoof-Blumer op. cit. p. 146 pi. 6, 3 ( = my fig. 448).

4 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 308 no. 89(F) Septimius Severus, p. 315 no. 122
Severus Alexander, p. 318 no. 137 Maximinus, Hunter Cat. Coins ii. 471 no. 20 Maxi-
minus, F. Imhoof-Blumer op. cit. pp. 151, 153 no. 19, 155 pi. 6, 13, 159 pi. 6, 17 ( = my
fig. 443), pi. 6, 18. Supra p. 562.

5 Imhoof-Blumer Kleinas. Miinzen i. 173 no. 1 pi. 6, 5 (=my fig. 449) Sabina.

6 Supra p. 563 n. 7 and p. 564 n. 1.

7 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 161 pi. 17, 9 ( = my fig. 450) 'Hadrian to the Anto-
nines,' F. Imhoof-Blumer Lydische Stadtmiinzen p. 101 pi. 4, 18 'Aus der Zeit des
Traian oder Hadrian.'

8 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 162 pi. 17, 11 ( — my fig. 451) Sabina, F. Imhoof-
Blumer op. cit. p. 102 no. 7 Sabina, p. 104. Infra § 3 (c) i (0) init.

9 F. Imhoof-Blumer op. cit. p. no pi. 4, 21 (=my fig. 452) Maximinus, K. Regling