Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

The double axe and Zeus Labrdyndos 585

had gone further in the same direction by supposing the original
vocative to have been *Potei Das, 'Lord (Husband) of the Earth-
goddess1,' and thence forming the new nominatives Potidds, Potei-
ddwon, etc. This is phonetically unimpeachable. But so also is my
Potei-Ddn, etc., 'Lord Zeus.' And on the whole it seems to me more
likely that the god was named in his own right than in virtue of his
relation to the goddess.

Zeus Strdtios of Labranda bore a local appellative, which is
spelled in very diverse ways. Kretschmer2 has compiled a list of a
dozen variants—Labrdyndos"0 (fig. 492), Lambrdyndos*, Labrauyudos5,

horn. Wairjwv dor. Hat.dv, "Ep^dwv 'Fipfj.dv. Es scheint nun, dass in der Zusammenrlickung
beide Vokativformen, die alte *7roret und die jiingere *wotl, neben einander gebraucht
wurden.' Etc.

1 On AS as an ancient pet-name (' Lallnamen') of the earth-goddess see P. Kretschmer
'Demeter' in the Wiener Studien 1902 xxiv. 523 ff.

2 P. Kretschmer Einleitung in die Geschichtt der Griechischen Sprache Gottingen
1896 p. 303.

:' Aa(3pdi:uoos in inscriptions from Mylasa (A. Hauvette-Besnault—M. Dubois in the
Bull. Corr. Hell. 1881 v. 98 ff. no. 2, 10 f. quoted supra p. .578 n. 4 no. (3). W. Judeich
in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 261 f. no. 15, 3 f. ['E]/car6,ai'ws OuXiddov [ie]pe[t>]s A[i] [6s]
AafSpavvdov ~Slavvi>tTr)s), from the neighbourhood of Aphrodisias (R. Chandler Marmora
Oxoniensia Oxonii 1763 ii. 11 no. 12 pi. 5, 12 (=my fig. 492), Corp. /user. Gr. ii
no. 2750. Michel Recueil <TInscr.gr. no. 802, Transactions of the Third International
Congress for the History of Religions Oxford 1908 ii. 192 fig. 16 a small altar, found in a
Turkish cemetery between Aphrodisias and Hierapolis, and now at Oxford, showing
a double axe in relief and beneath it in letters of s. i B.C. Atos Aa(3pa.vv\oov | /cat Atos
Meyia\cTTov), from Stratonikeia (E. Hula—E. Szanto in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. Akad.
d. Wiss. in Wien Phil.-hist. Classe 1895 exxxii. 2. 17 f. no. 12, 1 ff. Aoukios BeTuivios \
'AAefaeopos j ^ovfj.p.apov5r]s | dvedr)Kev tQi av crrrj/xaTi tu>v irpea j [(3]vtu>v tov At'a rbv |
[A~\afipdi'v5ov iic twv j Idlwv iiwapxbvTwv a dedication of imperial date. Eid. ib. 1895
exxxii. 2. 19 no. i a marble slab inscribed Ar\p.i)t pios /cat "Ep,uias Ad | Aa/3paued"uu with
an axe in relief below the inscription), from Halikarnassos (G. Hirschfeld The Collection
of Ancient Greek Inscriptions in the British Museum Oxford 1893 iv. 1. 79 f. no. 904
a small marble altar, found near Budrum, inscribed in lettering of a good period Ai6? [
Aa/3paw5oi>), from Herakleia at the foot of Mt Latmos (R. Chandler Inscriptiones an-
tiqnae Oxonii 1774 p. 18 Pars i no. 49, Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2896 two stones marked
with the double axe and inscribed Atos | AafipaiivSov, found in an island near Bafi on
the lake of Herakleia (map in Milet iii. 1 at end)), and even from the Peiraieus, where
the god had a th/asos (Corp. inscr. Att. ii. i no. 613, Michel Recueil d'Inscr. gr. no. 977,
of the year 299—298 B.C., in praise of Menis, son of Mnesitheos, of Herakleia, who has
done well by the worshippers and sanctuary of Zeus Labrdyndos, 5 ff. koX to re TrpoaTWLov
/cat j [t]6 [d]erwfj.a rod iepou tov At6s tov Aappavvdov eire][re] Xecrev d£tws tov deov, 13 f. /cat
tt)v iepwo-vv-qv d^tws iepe\wcraTo tov deov- k.t.X.). That the title Aaf3pdvv5os was quadri-
syllable appears from Plin. nat. hist. 32. 16 in Labrayndi Iovis fonte etc., where the best
manuscripts give labrayndi (labramdi cod. d. labrandi cod. T.).

4 Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2691 e, 4 = Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 379, 4 -
Michel Recueil d"Inscr. gr. no. 471, in, 35 = F. Bechtel in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-
Inschr. iii. 2. 759 f. no. 5753 c, 4 = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr.3 no. 167, 35 quoted supra
p. 576 n. 2. For the fi cp. et. mag. p. 389, 57 (cod. D) infra p. 587 n. 2.

•' W. Judeich in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 259 no. 11 an altar at Mylasa inscribed
Arifj.oa(6)evrjs \ representation of a double axe | Aafipa.vvv5[q>'] j ave(d)r]Kev.