Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index (Cambridge, 1925)

902 Appendix

Euboia

Mount Oche1.
Mount Kenaion2.

is seen the long chain of Pindus ; on the E. rises Helicon, with other Boeotian moun-
tains. To the S. the summit of Panachaicon is very conspicuous ; Achaia, Argolis, Elis
and Arcadia are seen as in a map, while the Gulf of Corinth looks like a large pond. The
Aegean and Ionian seas bound the horizon E. and W.' It appears probable that the cult
of Zeus AvKcopetos was displaced or overshadowed by that of Apollon AvKibpeios. Their
common epithet may be connected either with Xijkos, 'a wolf (according to H. N. Ulrichs
op. cit. i. 118 wolves still haunt the woods of Parnassos : ' In Chryso sah ich vier Hirten,
von denen jeder eine Wolfshaut an einem langen Stocke trug, dessen oberstes Ende aus
dem geoffneten Rachen des Thiers hervorsteckte. Sie zogen von Dorf zu Dorf und emp-
fingen an jedem Hause freigebige Geschenke fiir die Befreiung von diesem gefahrlichen
Feinde der Herden.' Paus. 10. 14. 7, Ail. de nat. an. 10. 26, 12. 40, Plout. v. Per. 21 asso-
ciate wolves with the Delphian Apollon), or with Avkos, an ancient name for the god of
the daylight (?) [supra i. 64 n. 3).

When Deukalion, after traversing the flood for nine days and nights in his ark, landed
at length on Mt Parnassos, he sacrificed there to Zeus Qvljios (Apollod. 1. 7. 2, cp. schol.
cod. Paris. Ap. Rhod. 2. 1147 3?vi;iov be tov Ala oi QeacraXol ZXeyov, 177-01 oti eYi tov
AevnaXitovps KaraKKvfffwv KaTe<pvyov els avTov, rj did to tov <&pL£ov Ka.Ta,<pvyetv eis avrbv).
This title too is found attached to Apollon (Philostr. her. p. 711 Palamedes prays
'AirbXXwvi AvKicp re ko.1 ^v^lqs to be delivered from wolves, cp. Souid. s.v. Qvl-ios).

For Zeus at Delphoi see further supra pp. 179 ff., 189 ff., 231 ff., 266 f.

1 Popular etymology derived the name of Mt Oche ("Ox^) from the union (0x17 — oxeia)
of Zeus and Hera, which was said to have taken place there (Steph. Byz. s.v. KdpvaTos-...
€k\rj6ri Se to bpos dirb tt}s e/cei bx^ias, rjroi tQv QeCov pii^ews Aids ko.1 "Upas, 77 bid to rot irpb^ara
KViffKeadai bxevb/J-eva iv ti2 Towip- oi yap 'Axaioi TV Tpo<PVv 0XVv 0ao"i)- The summit of
the mountain (J475111) is nowadays known as Hagios Elias (C. Bursian Geographie von
Griechenland Leipzig 1872 ii. 398).

2 On the top of Mt Kenaion (677111), a height untouched by clouds (Sen. Here. Oet.
786 f. hie rupe celsa nulla quam nubes ferit j annosa fulgent templa Cenaei Iovis), was an
altar and sanctuary of Zeus K^aios (Aisch. PXauxos irbvTios frag. 30 Nauck2 ap. Strab.
447, Soph. Track. 237 f., 752 ff., 993 ff., Skyl. per. 58 (Geogr. Gr. min. i. 47 Muller),
Apollod. 2. 7. 7, Steph. Byz. s.v. Kct^at •.. .Ka^cuos Zei)s ov fxbvov airb tov ~Kavaiov, dXXa
Kai airb rijs Kdn;s, Souid. s.v. K^faios • 6 Zeus, Schdll—Studemund anecd. i. 265 'E7ri#eTa

V.

Albs (57) KTjvaiov, 266 'E7rt'5era Atos (49) KrjvaLov, 274 'E7ri'^era Atos■____Krjvaios (Kavaios

codd. C^O1.), Ov. met. 9. 136 f., Sen. Here. Oet. 102, 786 f.). According to Sophokles,
Herakles after sacking Oichalia dedicated here altars and a leafy precinct to Zeus Harpipos.
He offered 100 victims on a pyre of oak, including twelve bulls free from blemish, and put
on for the purpose the deadly robe brought to him by Lichas (Soph. Track. 750 ff.). Ac-
cording to Bakchylides, he offered from the spoils of Oichalia nine bulls to Zeus K^pcuos,
'lord of the far-spread clouds,' two to Poseidon, and a cow to Athena (Bakchyl. 15. 17 ff-).
Cp. Diod. 4. 37 f., Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 50 f., Eudok. viol. 436. Fragments of a volute-
krater from Kerch show Herakles (. .. KAHZ) holding a sacrificial fillet for one of these
victims in the presence of AI XAZ and Hyllos (?). All these are wreathed with bay or olive.
At their feet is a pile of stones ; in the background, a tripod on a column and a pillar
decorated with acanthus-leaves (L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St. Pel. 1869 p. 179 pi. 4,
1, ib. 1876 p. 161 pi. 5, 1 =Reinach Rep. Vases i. 31, 12, id. i. 50, 3. This vase-painting
was attributed by F. Hauser in Furtwangler—Reichhold—Hauser Gr. Vasenmalerei iii.
53 f. fig. 24 to the painter Aristophanes c. 400 b.c., by J. D. Beazley Attic red-figured
Vases in American Museums Cambridge Mass. 1918 p. 184 to a contemporary artist, 'the
painter of the New York Centauromachy' (Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 217 no. 4)). A frag-
mentary htXl-krate'r in the British Museum has Herakles wreathed with olive and wearing