Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index (Cambridge, 1925)

9i8

Appendix B

Naxos

Mount Drios1.

Paros

Mount Kounados2.

Delos

Mount Kynthos3.

Rasche Lex. Num. x. 527); or obv. head of Zeus, laureate, to right, rev. TY N AA PITA N
the Dioskouroi standing with, or without, their horses (F. von Duhn loc. cit. p. 30 no. 10,
p. 30 f. no. 11, Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Sicily p. 236 nos. 9 and 10); or obv. head of Zeus,
laureate, to right, with star of eight rays behind it, rev. TYNAAPITAN eagle to right,
standing with open wings on a thunderbolt (F. von Duhn loc. cit. p. 31 no. 12, Brit. Mus.
Cat. Coins Sicily p. 236 no. 11). See further Imhoof-Blumer Monn. gr. p. 33 f., G. F. Hill
Coins of Ancient Sicily London 1903 p. 201 f., Head Hist, num."1 p. 190. These coins
imply the cult, not only of Tyndaris (Helene) and the Tyndaridai (Kastor and Polydeukes),
but also of Zeus to whom the children of Tyndareos were early affiliated {supra i. 279 f.,
78o).

Among the ruins of Tyndaris (for which see Serradifalco op. cit. v. 48 ff. pis. 29—35)
was found a colossal statue of Zeus, finely carved in Greek marble. It is now in the
Cortile Grande of the Museo Nazionale at Palermo. The head, right arm, left leg, and
lower part of right leg were restored by the local sculptor Villareale. But enough of the
original remains to show that Zeus stood erect, his right arm raised to hold a long spear
or sceptre, his left wholly enveloped in the himdtion that covered him from the waist
downwards. W. Abeken ' Giove Imperatore ossia Urio' in the Ann. d. Inst. 1839 xi.
62—72 pi. A, 1—3 justly compared the figures of Zeus 'Erparriyos on a coin of Amastris
{supra p. 707 fig. 639) and of Zeus Oupios on a coin of Syracuse {supra p. 708 fig. 643)—
a comparison accepted by Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Zeus pp. 130—132 no. 25 fig. 12,
who ranges the statue from Tyndaris with another colossal statue in the Louvre (Clarac
Mus. de Scidpt. iii. 42 pi. 311 fig. 683) as forming the first group of his ' Vierte Classe.'
Probably the inhabitants of Tyndaris had dedicated to Zeus a copy of the Syracusan
masterpiece carried off by Verres {supra pp. 708, 917 n. o).

The temple of the god is said to have stood on a steep height to the west of the town,
which in 1558 A.D. was still known as the Mount of Jove (T. Fazellus de rebus Siculis
Panormi 1558 p. 205 (dec. 1 lib. 9 cap. 7) 'Extra vrbem occidentem versus, in colle
vicino, & vndiq; praeciso, qui ab accolis adhuc hodie mons Iouis appellatur, templi Iouis
mirabiles cernuntur ruinae').

1 Zeus MrjXdxrios {supra i. 164f., 520 n. 2). F. Solmsen in Glotta 1909 i. 80 connects
Zeus M^Aciffios with */x7jXa>t?7s, cp. Hesych. s.vv. /xriXaT&v tov Troifxeva. Botcorot and
firfKonxf -rroLfxeves (on which glosses see M. Schmidt adlocc). Different is Zeus MtjXios
on an imperial copper of Nikaia in Bithynia (P. Piovene / Cesari in metallo mezzano e
piccolo raccolti nel Museo Farnese Parma 1724 ix. 238 pi. 8, 21, Mionnet Descr. de mM.

ant. Suppl. v. 84 no. 427 (in the Farnese collection) obv.........AAITIANOC head

of Domitian, laureate, with countermark of an animal running; rev. ZEYZ AAHAIOZ
Zeus seated, holding thunderbolt and sceptre, Waddington—Babelon—Reinach Monn.
gr. d'As. Aliu. i. 406 n. 2). O. Jessen in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. ii. 1203 cp. Zeus
" Apveios (Scholl—Studemund anecd. i. 264 '^iridera Aios no. (1) apvdov, 266 'E7ri#eT<z Ai6s
no. (15) apvdov).

2 Supra p. 875 n. [ no. (5).

3 Mt Kynthos in the centre of Delos is a granitic cone, which rises to a height of
ii2-6om {Ddos i pi. 1. View from the west ib. iv. 1 fig. 1). Strab. 485 describes it as
opos v^/rfkbv.. .nai rpaxv, where G. Kramer alters v^rfkov, 'high,' into xptKbv, 'bare.' It is
true that the granite and gneiss, of which the mountain is composed (geological detail in
Dilos iv. 1), do not afford the earth required by tree-roots. But, for all that, viprfKov is
correct: Kynthos, partly because of its dominating position, partly because of its proximity