DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0113
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 951
some such word as aviffT^aav. See further G. Macdonald Coin Types Glasgow 1905
p. [70.
Zeus 'IScuos was worshipped at Skepsis also. Bronze coins of the town, struck by
Commodus (Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Troas, etc. p. 84 no. 30) and Caracalla (ib. p. 84
pi. 16, i=my fig. 843), show ZGVC eiAAIO(C) CKHYIHN clad in a himdtion,
standing with an eagle in his right hand and a long sceptre in his left. An inscription
from Skepsis (Kurshunhi Tepe) records a priest of Zeus 'IScuos (J. A. R. Munro in the
[onrn. Hell. Stud. 1901 xxi. 236 on a square marble base \r\ y~\epovala | [tw] lepka rod
Ai|[6j t]o0 'ISaiov Kal | \tCo]v 2e/3cc<xTw r[z>]j[cu]oi' QXafitov ' OXv\_p^\\Tri\o5bipov vibv | ['OXJu//,-
Fig. 842. Fig. 843.
wioSupov, I [to];' in irpoybvw\y~\ | [rr}]s varpidos ev[epye]T(ri)i> Kal eav\[rrjs o-~\v(ij.)Troaidpxqv).
Demetrios of Skepsis, who c. 150 b.c. compiled an encyclopaedic commentary on //. 2.
814—877, mentions the Trojan claim to possession of the cave where Zeus was born
(schol. Ap. Rhod. 3. 134 avTpu kv TScu'y rj Tip ttjs KprjTT)s, fj r<j3 tt}s Tpoias. avTLtroiovvTai
yap Kal Tpwes rrjs rod Albs yevkaews, Kadd (prjffi Arj/xrjTpios 6 S/cryi/'ioj) : cp. supra i. 154 n. 2.
Other coin-types of Skepsis referable to the same cult are a standing eagle (Imhoof-Blumer
Kleinas. Mtinzen i. 45 no. 4), an eagle with open wings in an oak-wreath (Brit. Mus. Cat.
Coins Troas, etc. p. 83 pi. 15, 13, Imhoof-Blumer Gr. Mtinzen p. 628 no. 230 pi. 8, 6,
Head Hist, num.? p. 549), an eagle standing beside a leafy tree (Imhoof-Blumer Kleinas.
Mtinzen i. 46 no. 5 pi. 2, 6).
A noteworthy bust of Zeus in white marble, formerly in the Stroganoff collection,
represents the god upborne on the spread wings of an eagle. He is draped in a himdtion
and wears a wreath of pine. Restored: nose, tip of pine-wreath, right foot of eagle.
L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St. Pet. 1875 p. 200 ff. Atlas pi. 7, 2 ( = my fig. 844)
regards this as an effigy of Zeus 'Idaios dating from s. i or ii a.d. The association of a
Zeus-head with Attis (supra p. 297 fig. 189) prepares us to see in the pine-wreath a
reminiscence of the tree that figures so largely in the religion of Attis and Kybele
(Boetticher Batankultus pp. 142—147, 263 fig. 11, J. Murr Die PJlanzemvelt in der
griechischen Mythologie Innsbruck 1890 p. 117 f., H. Graillot op. cit. p. 121 ff. and Index
p. 597 s.vv. 'Pin,' 'Pin (pomme de)'). And this connexion certainly seems more probable
than any reference to the pine-wreath of the Isthmian victor.
Attempts have been made in modern times to locate the cult-centre of Zeus TScuoj.
J. Thacher Clarke 'Gargara, Lamponia and Pionia: towns of the Troad' in the Am.
Journ. Arch. 1888 iv. 291—319 notes (a) et. mag. p. 221, 26 ff. Tdpyapos- iroXis rijs "Idr/s
b> ui//r/Xy Towii) KeLjuevrj, rjv KarusKovv AiXeyef e£ -^s did to KpvwSes inroKaTej3riaav oi
Tapyapeis, Kal uiKiaav avrrjv vrrb irediov (an leg. av rr\v vttott68lov ? a.b.c.) Tdpyapov. eKeivfj
Sir epr]p.w6ei(ra KaXeirai IIa\cu& Tdpyapos' k.t.\.: (b) Strab. 606 fxerd yap to Acktov to
JloXv/x-^diov ecrTL xwPL0V ri £p TETTapaKovTa ffTaSLois, eir' iv oySorjKovTa "Aacros (so C. Mannert
for a\o~os codd.), i±iKpbv inrep ttjs daXaTTys, etr' ev eKaTov Kal TerTapaKovTa Tdpyapa- KeiTai
Se to, Ydpyapa €tt' aKpas 7roiovcn]s tov idlcos 'A5pap.vTTTjvbv KaXov/nevov koKttov. Assuming
Strabon's distances to be cumulative, not consecutive, he infers that Palaia Gargaros is the
ruined town with walls of polygonal masonry still to be seen on the top of Kozlu Dagh
10 kilometers east-north-east from Assos, that Gargaros on the plain below is the large
field of later ruins at the foot of the slope on which lies the Turkish town of Sazly, and
that the cape mentioned by Strabon is Katerga Burmt near Assos.
some such word as aviffT^aav. See further G. Macdonald Coin Types Glasgow 1905
p. [70.
Zeus 'IScuos was worshipped at Skepsis also. Bronze coins of the town, struck by
Commodus (Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Troas, etc. p. 84 no. 30) and Caracalla (ib. p. 84
pi. 16, i=my fig. 843), show ZGVC eiAAIO(C) CKHYIHN clad in a himdtion,
standing with an eagle in his right hand and a long sceptre in his left. An inscription
from Skepsis (Kurshunhi Tepe) records a priest of Zeus 'IScuos (J. A. R. Munro in the
[onrn. Hell. Stud. 1901 xxi. 236 on a square marble base \r\ y~\epovala | [tw] lepka rod
Ai|[6j t]o0 'ISaiov Kal | \tCo]v 2e/3cc<xTw r[z>]j[cu]oi' QXafitov ' OXv\_p^\\Tri\o5bipov vibv | ['OXJu//,-
Fig. 842. Fig. 843.
wioSupov, I [to];' in irpoybvw\y~\ | [rr}]s varpidos ev[epye]T(ri)i> Kal eav\[rrjs o-~\v(ij.)Troaidpxqv).
Demetrios of Skepsis, who c. 150 b.c. compiled an encyclopaedic commentary on //. 2.
814—877, mentions the Trojan claim to possession of the cave where Zeus was born
(schol. Ap. Rhod. 3. 134 avTpu kv TScu'y rj Tip ttjs KprjTT)s, fj r<j3 tt}s Tpoias. avTLtroiovvTai
yap Kal Tpwes rrjs rod Albs yevkaews, Kadd (prjffi Arj/xrjTpios 6 S/cryi/'ioj) : cp. supra i. 154 n. 2.
Other coin-types of Skepsis referable to the same cult are a standing eagle (Imhoof-Blumer
Kleinas. Mtinzen i. 45 no. 4), an eagle with open wings in an oak-wreath (Brit. Mus. Cat.
Coins Troas, etc. p. 83 pi. 15, 13, Imhoof-Blumer Gr. Mtinzen p. 628 no. 230 pi. 8, 6,
Head Hist, num.? p. 549), an eagle standing beside a leafy tree (Imhoof-Blumer Kleinas.
Mtinzen i. 46 no. 5 pi. 2, 6).
A noteworthy bust of Zeus in white marble, formerly in the Stroganoff collection,
represents the god upborne on the spread wings of an eagle. He is draped in a himdtion
and wears a wreath of pine. Restored: nose, tip of pine-wreath, right foot of eagle.
L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St. Pet. 1875 p. 200 ff. Atlas pi. 7, 2 ( = my fig. 844)
regards this as an effigy of Zeus 'Idaios dating from s. i or ii a.d. The association of a
Zeus-head with Attis (supra p. 297 fig. 189) prepares us to see in the pine-wreath a
reminiscence of the tree that figures so largely in the religion of Attis and Kybele
(Boetticher Batankultus pp. 142—147, 263 fig. 11, J. Murr Die PJlanzemvelt in der
griechischen Mythologie Innsbruck 1890 p. 117 f., H. Graillot op. cit. p. 121 ff. and Index
p. 597 s.vv. 'Pin,' 'Pin (pomme de)'). And this connexion certainly seems more probable
than any reference to the pine-wreath of the Isthmian victor.
Attempts have been made in modern times to locate the cult-centre of Zeus TScuoj.
J. Thacher Clarke 'Gargara, Lamponia and Pionia: towns of the Troad' in the Am.
Journ. Arch. 1888 iv. 291—319 notes (a) et. mag. p. 221, 26 ff. Tdpyapos- iroXis rijs "Idr/s
b> ui//r/Xy Towii) KeLjuevrj, rjv KarusKovv AiXeyef e£ -^s did to KpvwSes inroKaTej3riaav oi
Tapyapeis, Kal uiKiaav avrrjv vrrb irediov (an leg. av rr\v vttott68lov ? a.b.c.) Tdpyapov. eKeivfj
Sir epr]p.w6ei(ra KaXeirai IIa\cu& Tdpyapos' k.t.\.: (b) Strab. 606 fxerd yap to Acktov to
JloXv/x-^diov ecrTL xwPL0V ri £p TETTapaKovTa ffTaSLois, eir' iv oySorjKovTa "Aacros (so C. Mannert
for a\o~os codd.), i±iKpbv inrep ttjs daXaTTys, etr' ev eKaTov Kal TerTapaKovTa Tdpyapa- KeiTai
Se to, Ydpyapa €tt' aKpas 7roiovcn]s tov idlcos 'A5pap.vTTTjvbv KaXov/nevov koKttov. Assuming
Strabon's distances to be cumulative, not consecutive, he infers that Palaia Gargaros is the
ruined town with walls of polygonal masonry still to be seen on the top of Kozlu Dagh
10 kilometers east-north-east from Assos, that Gargaros on the plain below is the large
field of later ruins at the foot of the slope on which lies the Turkish town of Sazly, and
that the cape mentioned by Strabon is Katerga Burmt near Assos.