Cook, Arthur B.
Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index
— Cambridge, 1925
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Appendix A: Kairos
859
Kairos as a distinct personification first emerges in the middle of s. V B.C.,
…
Menandros ' spoke of him as a god3,' and Lysippos ' enrolled him among the
…
was set up 'in the vestibule'—presumably of some Sicyonian building.
…
5 The fullest list is given by Lamer in his admirable article in Pauly—Wissowa Real-
…
the feet of the ' Resting Hermes' at Naples (Guida del Mus. ATapoli p. 208 f. no. 841,
860
rite1. The resultant figure took the popular fancy, and moralists soon2 discovered
…
Symbolism, once introduced, grew apace. Gems of the Hellenistic age5,
…
when Eros and Psyche were prime favourites6, added wings on the shoulders
…
4 So P. Persson in the Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Sprachforschung 1895 xxxiii. 288
…
and heels, runs towards the right. His right foot rests on a ball. His right hand carries
…
{c') Convex onyx from the Blacas collection. ' Kairos, bald on back of head, bearded,
…
7 Kallistrat. eKfpp&creis 6. 1—4 (' On the statue of Kairos at Sikyon') states that the
861
Nemesis1. But the most remarkable innovation of the period remains to be
…
headed god hastening along with a sickle-knife in his hand4. Thus we reach the
…
the same root as Kairos.
…
5 We are almost reminded of Zagreus the shape-shifter, who appeared now as a
…
ii. 4 ff. no. 11 with pi., E. Curtius ' Die Darstellungen des Kairos' in the Arch. Zeit. 1875
862
the scales on the edge of a razor and depressing one pan with his finger1. The
…
The recognition of Kairos on Italian soil was attended by a certain gram-
…
1898 n. ; and for a fragmentary relief of the same type at Athens, E. Curtius loc. cit. 1875
…
3 Furtwangler Geschnitt. Steine Berlin p. 273 no. 7358 pi. 55, E. Curtius in the Arch.
…
letter to me (Aug. 30, 1917) says: 'The absolute use of pendere is certainly possible
863
Pheidias (!). Metanoia is comfortably Latinised as Paenitentia. But the god
…
wings, knife, wheel, and balance, running towards the right. Below are two females, one
…
But P. Perdrizet in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1912 xxxvi. 263 ff. fig. 1 takes the subject to be
…
A relief from Thasos, now at Constantinople, has two niches side by side. In the one
864
Having rung the changes from youth to eld and from male to female, this
…
as sundry wiseacres maintained, Bios6. He had already said the same thing in
…
3 See A. Frickenhaus in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutseh. arch. Inst. 1915 xxx. 127.
865
the addition of a second figure portraying the man who has allowed his oppor-
…
though holding out hopes of return. The poem is well illustrated by a frag-
…
There is a line lost from the second of the two stanzas, which were clearly meant to
…
A further fragment of the relief, found by the architect R. Cattaneo in a mason's shop at
866
the Duomo at Torcello near Venice. The relief, which may be dated c. 1100 A.D.,
…
from a photograph (A. Munoz in I?Arte 1906 ix. 214 f. fig. 2). The completed design is
867
Yet another turn of the kaleidoscope, and this shifting personality puts on,
…
as a good thing eagerly pursued by mankind, is now, within the pale of the
…
looking behind him in terror does his best to escape, under the escort of a woman
…
seize the monk, who stands irresolute, hesitating whether or not to abandon for
…
interesting to know,' says Prof. E. A. Gardner1, 'whether the scythe of Time is
…
Another MS. of Philes (cod. Paris.) has the lemma eis rbv j3iov fxeipaKiov e'ewyparpr^pevov,
…
3 A. Mufioz in ZJ'Arte 1904 vii. 132 with fig. 3 (part of which = my fig. 803). The
868
The scythe of Time1 should, I think, rather be derived from the scythe of Death,
…
THE MOUNTAIN-CULTS OF ZEUS.
…
155 f., 412, 418, 421, cp. 420, Frazer Golden Bough'3 : The Dying God p. 247.
…
Lit. 1908 pp. 115, 316). The lists given by Welcker Gr. Gotterl. i. 169 ff., Preller—
…
identical inscriptions on blocks of gritstone formerly used for the lintel of the church-door
…
The scythe of Time1 should, I think, rather be derived from the scythe of Death,
…
THE MOUNTAIN-CULTS OF ZEUS.
…
155 f., 412, 418, 421, cp. 420, Frazer Golden Bough'3 : The Dying God p. 247.
…
Lit. 1908 pp. 115, 316). The lists given by Welcker Gr. Gotterl. i. 169 ff., Preller—
…
identical inscriptions on blocks of gritstone formerly used for the lintel of the church-door
Appendix B: The mountain- cults of Zeus
869
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 869
…
rd iraidia. The lettering suggests s. iiiB.C. ; and Sittig regards 'Opo-pnrdras as =6peif3drT]s
…
anderen Lautwert verbanden'). This is ingenious; but, apart from the fact .that/x-tt for
…
Zeus Ndtos, a god 'of Streaming Water' {supra i. 369). The head of Zeus on coins of the
…
at the base of Mt Tmolos, also had a cult of Zeus Kopv<pdios {supra
870
opovs rb i/'Oxos etvai. On this passage see supra i. 420 f. The sanctuary of Zeus 'Aktguos
…
on the south, though most of the stones have here disappeared. The wall and towers
…
wall nothing remains beyond a small portion of the eastern side. The two precincts are
…
and ashes. In the gateway (E) was a fragmentary stele of hard white limestone inscribed
871
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 871
…
supra i. 42 if. In s. ii B.C. the priest of Zeus 'A/cpatos was a personage of importance, who
…
Atos tov 'AKpaiov). About 100 B.C. the priest of Zeus 'AKpaios was eponymous magistrate
…
(2) On the Pinclos range between Thessaly and Epeiros there was a sanctuary of Zeus
…
660), the god seems to have borne the second appellative 'A/cpatos. He appears on silver
872
specimen in my collection. Since the coins in question go back to a date c. 400 B.C., this
…
beside the spring Salmakis (Vitr. 2. 8. ir), probably bore the title 'A/cpata, since the
…
the Class. Rev. 1903 xvii. 415 f. that Zeus 'Acr/cpatos, to whom the Lydians brought their
…
of the Aryan Peoples trans. F. B. Jevons London 1890 p. 226, Prellwitz Etyni. Worterb.
…
(6) W. R. Paton in the Class. Rev. 1907 xxi. 47 f. publishes an inscription, in lettering
873
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 873
…
loc. cit., but also in Plout. loc. cit. Both passages were emended in the same manner 224
…
(8) At Smyrna Ulpius Traianus, father of the emperor Trajan, brought an aqueduct
…
(9) At Temnos in Aiolis, on a hill above the Hermos, ^aw'-autonomous coppers of
…
(n) At Akrai (Palazzolo) in Sicily the Museum of Baron Judica had a base inscribed
874
'of the Crest1.' These titles, and perhaps certain others2, proclaim him to be a
…
Maybaum Der Zeuskult in Boeotien Doberan 1901 p. 6 draws attention to the proper
…
refers more probably to the Carian Zeus {supra p. 577), cp. the Boeotian name Kapiuv
…
the original allotment of land,' 'the god of allotments' (fcX?)poi) (so already Paus. loc. cit.
…
icpearios (O. Heifer in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 1212). But F. Solmsen in the Rhein. Mus.
…
1 Zeus Ao(peiT7]s. A cult of this deity at Perinthos (later known as Herakleia) on the
…
E[i'(?)]!<5tcov <J>tXXt'<5[ot;] I tepevs vlois \v'---plots bujpov (E. Kalinka in the Arch.-ep. Mitth.
875
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 875
…
ev KvTrpop TeTi/jLrjadov;) was a mountain-god. This is probable enough, for the summit of
…
dyaXp-a). The mountain, now called Sagmatds, rises to a height of 749111 : ' it is bold and
…
ii. 28 f.). Maybaum Der Zeitskult in Boeotien Doberan 1901 p. 6 notes the frequent
…
(2) He had an altar, founded by Kekrops 'in front of the entry' to the Erechtheion at
…
(3) The tetrapolis of Marathon sacrificed to him in Gamelion (R. B. Richardson in
…
(5) In Paros on the top of Mt Koitnddos the little church of the Prophet Elias has
876
Hyftsistos 'the Most High1,' there is reason to suspect that the epithet had
…
(7) An honorary inscription of s. ii a. d. found at Priene contains the clause dvaypa\pdrw
…
the Gaz. Arch. 1887 xii. 224 argues that Zeus on Mt Sipylos was invoked under the name
…
dypeTov rfXaaev vdwp. But virtxTos is a commonish epithet of Zeus in the poets (Bruchmann
…
Schiirer in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin 1897 pp. 200—225 and F. Cumont
877
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 877
…
of a woman's abdomen, no. 151 TeprLa 'T^/Larui | ei>xv>' with relief of a face from the
…
Sporadic inscriptions attest the existence of the same cult elsewhere in Athens.
…
bridge of nose. Cp. no. 721 an uninscribed relief from the same spot, representing the
878
west of the Propjrlaia, has PXaO/cos, | 1pv<paiva, | Aewj^ | ['Tji/'toTw j [et'X'V] for£/a | [rwy
…
that -the nameless Zeus was 'ohne Zweifel ein...Zenoposeidon,' or in conjecturing with
…
(4) At Argos Smyrna, the wife of Maenius Apollonius and apparently priestess of
…
(5) At Olympia Zeus "Tficrros had a couple of altars on the way to the Hippodrome
…
(8) In Imbros was a slab of white marble, broken at the right side, with the inscrip-
…
in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1895 xix. 110 M. AeK/cetXto[s] | Ma/cXas 0eu)[t] | 'T^t'oTwt xajptcr-
…
the villages of Selenigrad and Miloslavci, and now in the Museum at Sofia, is inscribed
879
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 879
…
Domaszewski in the Arch.-ep. Mitth. 1886 x. 238 f. no. 2).
…
(15) Kypros. Dedications to the Geos"Ti/'i<7Tos have come to light at Hagios Tychon
…
(16) Pisidia. At Oinoanda is a dedication built into the wall near the town-gate
…
ported a votive foot (commemorating a visitation or epiphany of the god), is inscribed
…
rather doubtfully take the name of the dedicator to be ' Hephaistotychos.' F. Cumont
…
(17) Karia. Zeus"T\piaros had cults in Iasos (B. Haussoullier in the Bull. Corr. Hell.
…
into the same Byzantine church OvXttiov Jidpirov, \ tov itpo(pr\Tt)v tov \ ayibiTaTov Qeov \
…
in the form of an altar, with a horse (supra i. 20) advancing below, Ad 'T^iaTu Kal
880
iravTwv, xo.pL<Tr[r)]\piov, A. Hauvette-Besnault—M. Dubois in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1881
…
(18) Kos. W. R. Paton—E. L. Hicks The Inscriptions of Cos Oxford 1891 p. 116
…
(19) Delos. Two votive inscriptions, the one certainly, the other probably, from
…
two Jewish maidens named Marthine and Heraklea respectively (the names recur in the
…
816 says : ' Exspectes lva fyTriaris to ai/xa to ava'iTiov Kal rySi/c^cr^s ttjv TaxLo~t7]v. The
881
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 881
…
Aiolis' in the Denkschr. d. Akad. Wien 1910 ii Abh. p. 27 no. 39 on a stele with gabled
…
hours east of Theira (A. M. Fontrier in the Movaeiov Kal ~Bi/3\iodr]K7i ttjs HHuayyeXiKTjs
…
raising the right hand in adoration and holding a staff in the lowered left Qed'T\j/io-T7]
…
the theatre, reads [2~]wy[evr)s(?)] | ~NeiK&v5[pov] \ Ad 'Txpiaru) | evxw (Sir C. Smith—R. de
…
of white marble, presented by A. van Branteghem in 1890 to the British Museum (A. H.
882
of six men, who recline on cushions placed upon a long mattress. On the right a cup-
…
the name-giver (of the thiasos), duly presented the relief to Zeus Most High and to the
…
gives the right accent). Ziebarth loc. cit., following T. Reinach in the Rev. Et. Gr. 1894
…
the Geos "Ti/ao-ros, presumably Zeus (M. Frankel Die Inschriften von Pergamon Berlin
…
avedrjKa, epwfxtvT] p-era tov \ [oveipov(?)---] | [-----] (the last two lines covered with
…
pieydXov kiv5\{ivov fxera twv idlwv. \ velKTjs evxaPl<TTVPL0>' I dvadeivai (the last two lines are
…
Kopv < l > 7]\ios I 2e/co0f<5os x€L\PLaa@£pTes & ! ireXdyei Gey 'T\ipiaT(p xPVtTTVPL\0V (the last
…
Aa/ctas Ko[Xwvelas \ 7ieppufey[e]\dovo-t]s, evxrjlyl \ dvedrjuev), and one of these by adding the
…
graphy. A. E. c), at Yenije near Akmoneia (W. M. Ramsay The Cities and Bishoprics of
…
(Seidi Ghazi) (W. M. Ramsay in the Joum. Hell. Stud. 1884 v. 258 n. 2 no. 9 on a small
883
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 883
…
'NiKo[fia(?)]xov [• •] I [£tou]s tXtj' ( = 253/4A.D.)' Ai)p. 'I&crwv Qetp \ 'Tif/iaru ex>xvv)- The
…
(iwfj.bv dve<XTTftjev \ BevveiacnjvCbv. W. M. Ramsay The Historical Geography of Asia Minor
…
in the Rhein. Mus. 1882 xxxvii. 385 f. no. 22), and Thraco-Illyrian word benna (Steph.
…
(25) Paphlagonia. Inscriptions from the district of Sinope record the cult of the Qebs
…
[floXe/xawos] (piXo\yep/j.a.[vi]Kov /cat <pLXoirdT\pi5os, Zrovs tjXt (338 of the Bosporan era
884
T < co> \ovXLov<Xiov> ~Eavpofid\Tov (sc. Tib. Iulius Sauromates ii, king of Bosporos in the
…
i.e. the name of the god inserted twice in a list of his worshippers).
…
(topped by relief of gable with shield inside and eagle on apex: see L. Stephani in the
…
a]e(36fJ.evoi Qebv "Txpiarov | ivypd[^avr]es iavT<2v rd 6v6p.ara \ irepi irptafivTepov (sc. the
…
0rj\/j.epos HoTrXiov. \ iv Tip €k<p' '4t€l (525 of the Bosporan era=228 A.D.), Topiriaiov a,
…
Latyshev, E. Schiirer, E. H. Minns, and others. L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St.
885
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 885
…
vitTKapxvs, ypap-fxarev's (omissions and transpositions occur). Their aims included the cult
…
speaks of the same sect as 'Tipicmavol (Greg. Nyss. contra Eunomium 2 (xlv. 481 D—
…
Inscriptions se'mitiques Paris 1868 p. 74 no. 123a iii with translation of the Palmyrene
…
altar in the Mohammedan cemetery Att 'Ti/'tcrry /cat 'E7T7j/c;6(p rbv fSufibv dvedt]\Kev 'louXios
…
p. 68 no. 101, who reads e!)xapto-r[u)]j[s---] and renders the Palmyrene text 'Que soit
886
20 on a cippus built into the eastern wall of the small court in front of the ' Fahnen-
…
Palmyra on the road to Emesa are three large altars of similar size placed close together;
…
the Palmyrene text 'La ville (de Thadmor) a eleve (cet autel) a celui dont le nom est
…
dr/picov TeKevrijaas d(ptepd)dr;, y x°^s KaL dvalas ot 7rat5es £re\eo~av. Here 'EXtoOc is but the
…
Adonis und Esmun Leipzig 1911 p. 76 supposes a blend of Adonis (killed by the boar)
…
At Sahin, five hours from Antarados (Tortosa, Tartu's), is the dedication [6e]d> 'Tfio-Tui
…
At Abidat above the door of the church of Mar-Eusebios is a block inscribed dyad-qi
887
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 887
…
statue-base lettered Ad 'T^LcrTCti | HeKovXidpcos | Map^cts A^/x^rpiou (?)]. The upper part
…
27. 12 with Gen. 12. 6f.: Jehovah, from the heathen point of view, was 'a god of the
…
Hyrkanos i in 129 B.C. (Ioseph. ant. Iud. 13. 9. 1). But the mountain remained the
…
G. F. Hill in the Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Palestine pp. xxviiiff., 48 f. pi. 5, 14—16 Anto-
…
flanked by a star (sun?) on the left and a crescent (moon) on the right (ib. p. 71 no. 153 f.
888
temple which, since it first appears on coins of Pius, is doubtless the temple of Zeus
…
Garizim.' Cp. the parallel passages in E. Vilmar Abulfathi annates Samaritani Gothae
…
He goes on to say (ib. 5. 7. 7) that Zenon, emperor of the East, expelled the Samaritans
…
Dindorf. For an account of the ruins still traceable on the mountain see Sir C. W. Wilson
…
(32) Ioudaia. The Hebrew Godhead in the later books of the Old Testament, in the
889
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 889
…
still recognisable by his eagle (Athens, Thyateira, Mytilene, Tanais), the Thebs
…
could hardly be described as whole-hearted devotees of the Mosaic law. Thus
…
'TxpLarov Beou,' A. Dieterich 'Papyrus magica musei Lugdunensis Batavi' in the Jahrb.f.
…
in the British Museum London 1893 i. 66 no. 46, 44 ff. Kal 8LaTrjpr\trbv p.e Kal tov Tralba \
…
(33) Aigyptos. The Jews of Athribis (Bencha) in Lower Egypt dedicated a house of
…
cited by E. Schiirer in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. IViss. Berlin 1897 p. 213 and by
…
e-Troi-qae rj Kal eirexaP£ tls avrrjs tuj davdru rj eirixo-pel, p-treXdere avTovs. For the raised
…
twtwe j 0 opLvu arjia \ Lynceus (sc. the name of the horse to be cursed)). Altissimus="YipLcr-
890
their milieu on occasion provided a congenial soil for the growth of the Christian
…
Zeus appears as a mountain-god in connexion with the following localities:
…
1 For ii\piaTos as applied to Zeus by the Greek poets see Bruchmann Epith. deor.
…
Hlpaas olda Qveiv vofxi^ovras. Supra i. 180 n. 5): cp. the Cretan sun-god Talos (supra i.
…
5 Tainaros, who founded the Taenarian temple of Poseidon, was the son of Zeus
…
Euc. ix. 23o6quoting Oikonomakis Td aw^6/J.eva'ldup.7]S, MecrcrT^s 1879 P- i4f-)>on the top
…
s.v. 'Idw/ur) -... Kai Zeus Tc^w/xctras, /cai ioprr] 'Idu/xaia Kai 'Idcofj,ais). It dates back to the
891
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 891
…
took the entrails of the ox in both hands, and showed them to Aratos of Sikyon and
…
Tip-ds. He justly cp. the figure of Dionysos found in a plane-tree broken by the wind at
…
Festivals Edinburgh and London 1910 p. i7of. writes : 'According to the popular legend,
892
The Larisa at Argos5.
…
figured in two distinct myths. On the one hand, Perseus here sacrificed for the first time
…
'Airecras (p-qai ' kovx wS' ' Apeiwv ra 'Aireaavri trap Alt | 'idvaev ' Apneas ittttos '). On the other
…
H. Usener Die Sintjluthsagen Bonn 1899 PP- 65 ff-, 233 (cp. id. in the Rhein. Mus. 1901
…
Comm. Paus. i. 33 f. Septimius Severus, Iulia Domna, Geta). Traces of the altar of Zeus
…
5 Zeus AapiuctZos had a roofless naos with a wooden statue on the top of the Larisa at
…
naos of Athena containing a three-eyed xoanou of Zeus, said to have been the paternal
893
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 893
…
(Frag. hist. Gr. iv. 386 Muller)). I formerly accepted Pausanias' explanation of the three
…
1904 xv. 282 ff., 1905 xvi. 275 f.). Excavations in the large court of the Venetian castle
…
2 There was a sanctuary of Zeus on the top of Mt Kokkygion (Paus. 2. 36. 2 tepd Si
…
viol. 41411, cp. Paus. 2. 17. 4, 2. 36. 1). For the chryselephantine statue by Polykleitos
894
The mountain of Zeus Panhelldnios*.
…
Pausanias iii. 233 f. says: 'This is the high, naked range on the left or northern side of
…
3 The highest peak in Aigina (53im), a landmark for many miles around, is known
…
Kadi^rjTai, los ra noWa vdup yiverai). Tradition said that during a great drought the
…
Pind. Nem. 5. 17, Eudok. viol. 13). Accordingly this came to be called the sanctuary of
895
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
Pelop. i no. 6 KwXtdcicus 'A/3\lojv eiro'nqcre ' AXrlWov), perhaps the base of some offering to
…
1 Paus. 1. 44. 9 iirl 8e tou opovs rfj aKpa (above the Scironian Rocks) Aios eariv
…
1836 pp. 4, 17 would read KO/ulcravTa Se<&eTov (sic) ttjv x^^W >d(pelvat on the strength
…
his tortoise prepare us for a second tortoise-story in explanation of the title Fig. 821.
…
the passage as it stands.
…
courses and the pavement; but the temple appears to have been of stone and certainly had
…
A short staircase led from the stod into another room (9), the centre of which was occupied
896
o'i3m deep and beside it a base about o-50m high. The largest chamber of all (ti) was
…
vases etc. were inscribed {Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i nos. 3492—3497), of which the most
…
further D. Philios in the 'E<p. 'Apx- 1890 pp. 35 ff. (with careful plans and illustrations:
…
ir. 1889 p. 26, W. Doerpfeld in the Ath. Mitth. 1889 xiv. 327, and Frazer Pausanias
897
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
The Akropolis at Athens2.
…
pits and rectangular bases (9, 10) betoken a chthonian cult. On this showing the worship
…
e.g. at Olympia, and the surviving inscriptions [Atos A]c/>ea[toi<] and"Hpw[os] are decidedly
…
Harpokr. s.v. Yepavia. Et. mag. p. 228, 22 ff., telling the same tale, speaks of Meyapeiis
…
3 Zeus "T\piaTos (supra p. 876 f. n. 1 no. (1)). The Siphnian Zeus 'ETrij3rifj.ios probably
…
divides the Attic plain into two unequal parts watered by the Kephisos and the Ilisos
…
''Ayxeajxiov). A. S. Georgiades in the'E</>. 'Ap%. 1920 p. 59 notes foundations on its E. slopes.
…
ix. 138 f. thinks it very probable that the statue of Zeus 'T^rrtos stood on the small
…
(Ozea) is at once the highest (1413111) and the most extensive mountain in Attike. C.
898
which the ancients on account of its shape called the Chariot {supra p. 815 f.), but the
…
5 Zeus 'EXikwvcos had an altar on Mt Helikon, near the spring Hippokrene, round
…
E. C. Walz excised it as a gloss. C. L. Kayser in the Zeitschrift fur die Alterthumswissen-
899
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
the battle of Plataiai (479 B.C.) was bidden by the Delphic oracle to pray to Zeus, Hera
…
In the traditional singing-match between Kithairon and Helikon (for which see
…
428 Mtiller) ap. Plout. de fluv. 2. 3) the former sang of the childhood of Zeus (Korinnain
…
sent the ram with the golden fleece to aid their escape (Paus. 9. 34. 5, cp. i. 24. 2).
…
But beyond this point agreement ceases. Was the god named after the mountain, or the
…
attached to the cult of Zeus Aacpvarios, not only in Boiotia, but also in Thessaly (infra
…
'AwoWwvos iepov. The unfinished temple of Zeus BacrtXeus is believed to have stood on Mt
900
in the Rhein. Mus. 1887 xlii. 54). A long inscription, of 175—172 B.C., relating to this
…
the temple was constructed, not by the inhabitants of Lebadeia only, but by the Boeotians
…
appears to have derived the name of the 'O/xoXwtSes 7ri;\at at Thebes from their proximity
…
1901 p. 9 f.). A small column, found at Thebes and now in the local Museum, has in-
…
Doubtless this column once supported a votive offering in the Theban sanctuary of Zeus
…
schol. Theokr. 7. 103). The same god was worshipped, not only in Boiotia, but also in
…
O. Jessen in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Fnc. viii. 2263 f. remarks that the name of the month
901
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 901
…
Eretria also ; for a fragmentary slab discovered close to the western gate of Eretria is in-
…
1 The AkrSpolis of Chaironeia was a sharp rocky summit named Petrachos (Plout.
…
179 f. found traces of Avfcwpeia in sundry Hellenic walls still visible on a height to the
…
The town had a cult of Apollon (et. 7>iag. p. 571, 47 ff.), who is mentioned as Phoibos
…
peios Tievs xal AvKwpeiov Sid 5i<fid6yyov), who was presumably worshipped on the peak
902
is seen the long chain of Pindus ; on the E. rises Helicon, with other Boeotian moun-
…
op. cit. i. 118 wolves still haunt the woods of Parnassos : ' In Chryso sah ich vier Hirten,
…
ciate wolves with the Delphian Apollon), or with Avkos, an ancient name for the god of
…
1 Popular etymology derived the name of Mt Oche ("Ox^) from the union (0x17 — oxeia)
…
KViffKeadai bxevb/J-eva iv ti2 Towip- oi yap 'Axaioi TV Tpo<PVv 0XVv 0ao"i)- The summit of
…
on for the purpose the deadly robe brought to him by Lichas (Soph. Track. 750 ff.). Ac-
903
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 903
…
a himdtion. Behind him hangs the poisoned robe (?). In front an altar of unworked stones
…
no. 208, 8 f. ['Ep'jeTpiKov | [At]os K-quaiov). Lithada, the modern name of Mt Kenaion,
…
1 Geraistos, the eponym of Cape Geraistos (Kavo Mandilo), was the son of Zeus and
…
2 Mt Oite (Katavothra) rises to a height of 2 158™ (Lieut.-Col. Baker in The Journal of
…
(Theophr. hist. pi. 9. 10. 2 white hellebore gathered there for the Amphictionic irvKaia,
…
(Class. Rev. 1904 xviii. 371, Folk-Lore 1905 xvi. 315), conferred on Maximian the title
…
in the Rev. Num. 1845 pp. 266—272 pi. 13 f.)]. Lastly, to the north at a higher level was a
904
the accommodation of priests and pilgrims opened into a colonnade (401" long) with octa-
…
might leave it only in order to be sacrificed. Many fearing the rule had fled to other lands.
…
vvv vb^os elaekdbvTO. els to irpvTavelov eva twp Qpiijov airoybvwv dveiv eiprjfxivix} Ad. The
…
'E7rt#eTa Aios (68j oo-aaiov) is not necessarily to be taken as the god of Mt Ossa (1950™).
…
0 The cult of Zeus on Mt Olympos has been discussed at some length supra i. 100—
905
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
Jena, had to be ransomed by the Porte at a cost of 500,000 francs. But by 1913 political
…
Major-General Sir W. Rycroft (1918), D. Baud-Bovy, F. Boissonnas, and the son of the
…
der Europdischen Tiirkei Berlin 1864, H. F. Tozer Researches in the Highlands of Turkey
…
from an aeroplane piloted by Lieutenant-Colonel Todd, R.A.F.), D. Baud-Bovy 'The
…
D. Baud-Bovy loc. cit. concludes : 'Thus, to sum up, the High Olympus is constituted
906
the north, and in the centre the Venizelos peak, the highest of the three. The point of
…
and a sanctuary on the summit (et. mag. p. 26, 47 f. 'Acajou Atos- Aids lepbv iv &Kpui"A610
…
the various monasteries of this "Ayiov "Qpos see the literature cited by E. Oberhummer in
…
3 Kassiope, a town and promontory (Ptol. 3. 13. 9 \\aaaL6irrj tto\is km. aKpo.) in the
…
Zeus Kdaios was sometimes regarded as the raft of Odysseus, and is compared with the
…
or obverse type the figure of ZGVC KACIOC (occasionally Z£VC KACCIOC) seated
907
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 907
…
Pius to Geta (138—222 a.d.) repeat the type with legend Z6VC K AC IOC Antoninus
…
Knidos, etc. are found countermarked with various abbreviations of the words Aids Kacriov
…
2267 and A. Salaci ' ZETS KA2I02' in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1922 xlvi. 160—189) whose
…
2 Mt Ainos, the chief mountain of Kephallenia, rises to a height of 1620111 and is
…
iv. 365 emends the text to oS p,vr)^ovevei KAewi' ev ru Ilept Xi/xevicv /cat 'Tifiocrdevris ev reus
…
Bronze coins of Pronnoi on the south-eastern coast of Kephallenia, from c. 370 B.C.
…
D. T. Ansted The Ionian Islands in the year 1863 London 1863 p. 345 f. describes
908
nowhere steep. It conducts by a succession of slopes and terraces to the culminating
…
On the sea-coast at the southern foot of Mt Aitne lay the old town of Katane. And
…
Accordingly Pindar, in odes composed soon after Hieron's new foundation, dwells on the
…
The cult at Katane-Aitne is attested by coins of the town, issued from shortly before
909
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 909
…
the Hirsch collection at Brussels {supra i. 90f. fig. 62) shows obv. AITNA ION the
…
with two curled wings. In the field is an eagle perched on a pine-tree (Diod. 14. 42 els
…
the paucity of myths connecting this god with the mountain. Zeus is indeed sometimes
…
578 ff., Opp. devenat. 1. 273 ff.) ; but Typhon is more properly located in the land of
910
tradition or conjecture speaks of Hephaistos, not Zeus, as father of the Palikoi (Silenos
…
' Die Akropolis'). On the top of it was a sanctuary of Zeus 'Araj3vpLos resembling that
…
identified Zeus IloXievs (J. Schubring op. cit. p. 24), whose temple on the highest point
…
gilded eyes (iv, 3)). The Carthaginians, on capturing Akragas (405 B.C.), carried off the
…
according to another account, he stated that they had flung the original bull into the sea,
…
118 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 222 Midler) ap. schol. Pind. Pyth. 1. 185). Scipio brought the bull
…
The temple of Zeus 'ATa(3vpios or HoXietJS is in all probability to be sought beneath
…
the highest part of modern Girgenti (C. Hiilsen loc. cit.). J. Schubring op. cit. p. 24 says
…
und Sicilien Berlin 1899 i. 139, while agreeing that S. Gerlando marks the site of the
…
Sicilia Palermo 1836 iii. 86 f. pis. 43, 44 as belonging to the temple of Zeus TLoXievs, but
911
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 911
…
XeLweadai). When Theron, making common cause with Gelon, had vanquished the huge
…
The temple, of which substantial remains still strew the ground, was a Doric pseudo-
914
Inside, the naos (iori6mx 44-oim) is divided into a nave and two side-aisles by means of
…
Several points are still unsettled. (1) The temple was in all probability entered at the
Plate 41
The Olympieion at Syracuse.
915
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 915
…
nave and aisles were either prolonged to meet the western wall of the temple, in which
…
C. R. Cockerell (1830) supposed that they stood above the pillars of the nave, supporting
…
Olimpico in Agrigento' in the Mon. d. Line. 1922 xxviii ('in corso di stampa').
…
Berlin 1899 i. 59). But this is far from clear. No doubt the rulers of Syracuse made
916
Achilles; others, that it was the temple of Zeus 'OXv/xwios and had been accidentally
…
5\_q>va---]). Moreover, for some three hundred years the d/xcpLiroXos or priest of Zeus
…
(ex tribas generibus, on which see E. Ciaceri op. cit. p. 136 n. 1), cast lots for the office
…
Hippokrates tyrant of Gela, after vanquishing the Syracusans in the battle on the
…
div. inst. 2. 4). The jest is attributed sometimes to Dionysios ii (367—343 B.C.) (Clem.
917
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 917
…
quarters in the temple and encamped his forces near by, at a distance of twelve stades
…
68, ii pi. 8 (careful ground-plan), P. Orsi' L'Olympieion di Siracusa ' in the Mon. d. Line.
…
Another handsome temple of Zeus 'OXti/x7rtos was founded by Hieron ii in the Agora
…
verse sceptre in his left (F. von Duhn in the Zeitschr. f. Num. 1876 iii. 30 no. 7, cp.
918
the Dioskouroi standing with, or without, their horses (F. von Duhn loc. cit. p. 30 no. 10,
…
imply the cult, not only of Tyndaris (Helene) and the Tyndaridai (Kastor and Polydeukes),
…
ant. Suppl. v. 84 no. 427 (in the Farnese collection) obv.........AAITIANOC head
…
3 Mt Kynthos in the centre of Delos is a granitic cone, which rises to a height of
919
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 919
…
no. 1302 in the collection of the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies). Adjoining
920
were buried. South of the rocky summit was an enclosure (O) walled in on the north by
…
head in Parian marble (Apollon?), the lower half of a sun-dial, several altars large and
…
Rel. p. 1217 f.), were not the original occupants of the summit. [In ' Minoan ' times it
…
(F. Hiller von Gaertringen in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. Inst. 1899 xiv Arch. Anz.
921
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 921
…
ins. iii Suppl. no. 1346 the rock-cut relief of a lion inscribed in s. iii b.c. {supra i. 11 7 n. 1)
…
to Kvvdiov (e.g. ib. ii no. 199, A 90) does not appear in the extant documents till the very
…
with a iffTiaropiov or ' banqueting-hall' (ib. ii no. 163, A 34, cp. T. Homolle in the Bull.
…
n. 3); the other oXkos contained a second dozen of wooden couches with small draw-tables
…
burner (id. ib. pp. 2251m. 7—9, 401). Other inscriptions, ranging from 158/7 to the
922
P. Roussel op. cit. p. 227 n. 6). Orientals would naturally regard the mountain-top as
…
among the worshippers of the Syrian Aphrodite ' Ayvrj (P. Roussel op. cit. pp. 227 n. 8,
…
[The Delian cult had spread to Paros as early as s. vi B.C. O. Rubensohn in the Ath.
…
was centuries older than the Athenian protectorate. Not impossibly in Delos as at Athens
…
4 Mt Pelinnaion (Hagios Elias), the highest point (1260™) of Chios (Strab. 645,
…
5 Mt Atabyrion (Atayros), the highest mountain in Rhodes, was crowned with a
923
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 923
…
bridge 1885 pp. 1, 75, H. F. Tozer The Islands of the Aegean Oxford 1890 p. 220 f.
…
flayed hides in the road. On these she slipped, and thus was violated by her pursuer.
…
to Althaimenes, came to Rhodes and was mistaken for a pirate by the ox-herds, who
…
Polyzalos etc. (Gruppe Myth. Lit. 1921 p. 380), says that Althaimenes wandered in the
…
rat eTTLo-roXai). There is also an element of folk-tale, the story of Katreus fated to be slain
…
a woman of the royal house, who flees at full speed, falls on the fresh hides, and is then
924
the Rhodian month Agrianios) resembling that of the Minyan Oleiai and Psoloeis at the
…
had here inherited the bronze bulls of the Hittite Tesub [supra i. 642 f., ii. 910 n. 1).
…
aiioLprjaai \6yov tov Kad' rj/j.ds). Both versions bear a sinister resemblance to the accounts
…
Hist, niwi.2 p. 640. I have two specimens of the sort in my collection) : the head is pre-
…
It was not, of course, to be expected that in busy Hellenistic times the good folk of
…
cult is a block of bluish marble formerly 'built into the wall of a field to the south-west
…
restored the opening lines as above, and proposed for the closing lines [av\idt)Ke Ad
…
Of such associations or religious circles there were at least two in the island. One, in
925
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 925
…
the town of Rhodes, founded by a certain Philon, was devoted to Zeus ' ArapvpLos and to the
…
[Aioo~]aTa(3vpiao~Tav 'AyadoSai/xoviacrrdv i>t\(<j))velit)v koivov j daWwi arecpdvcoi). The other,
…
a hole at the bottom') [----t~\e[ifxa]devra virb \ tov koivov tov Aiovvaiaarav 'Adavaicrardv
…
where it serves as a threshold in the church of Saint Georgios, contains ritual rules in
…
The cult of the Rhodian Zeus even found its way to Skythia. At Kermenchik
…
Latinae Petropoli 1885 i. 216 no. 242 on a base of grey marble now in the Museum at
…
was sent by her parents Ouranos and Gaia to Lyktos, and Gaia received the child to
…
But see G. M. Columba Aigaion (extr. from the Memorie delta R. Accade/uia di Archeo-
…
herr—P. Orsi 'Scoperte nell'antro di Psychro' in the Museo Italiano di Antichita Clas-
926
J. Demargne in 1897 (Sir A. J. Evans The Palace of Minos London 1921 i. 629), and
…
bone articles of the toilet; small altar-like tables in steatite and limestone, three of which
…
From the talus in the lower halls came other bronzes, including a small statuette
927
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 927
…
D. G. Hogarth concludes : 'About the pre-eminently sacred character of this Cave
…
versed = my fig. 830). The latter, like a lentoid seal of rock crystal found in the Idaean
928
erebv 5-q, \ KprjTrjdev Keival ye (sc. the two Bears) Aids p.eyd\ov Iottjtl \ ovpavbv eiffavefirjaav,
…
while the Kouretes, or by later confusion the Korybantes, drowned his infant cries with
…
Ant. Lib. 19 quotes from the Ornithogonia of 'Boios' (supra p. 463 n. 1) a queer tale,
…
the cavern. This happens, so the story goes, when the blood from the birth of Zeus boils
929
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 929
…
dyoiTo). Minos, their son, used to descend into the Dictaean Cave and thence return with
…
for years in the Cave and to have had visions there (Max. Tyr. 16. 1 dcpLKerb ttotc 'Adrjvafe
…
Sir A. J. Evans at first identified Mt Dikte with Mt Lasithi, the Dictaean Cave with
…
KaVATrbX\w\[v]a HvOiov Kad' iepwv veoKav\[T]ojv k.t.X.): (2) the oath of allegiance taken
930
Dionysios by the kSsmos or chief magistrate of Praisos in accordance with a treaty of
…
Hierapytna—respecting the territory of Heleia and the island of Leuke. Itanos ultimately
…
Finally, excavations of the British School at Athens undertaken in 1902 at Heleia
…
'(a) Archaic. Many pieces of a sima in low relief decorated with the motif of a two-horse
…
A mile to the north-west of the site there was found in 1907 a slab, which records the
931
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 931
…
agreement between Knossos and Hierapytna, which was found in the church of St Nikolaos
…
PP- 357—365), and expounded at large by Miss J. E. Harrison ('The Kouretes and Zeus
…
times. It invokes Zeus as the 'greatest Lad of Kronos' line' to come to Dikte for the new
932
The god here invoked is clearly thought of as coming from afar to witness, or even to
…
p. 88 f.), means 'forest, wood' (F. Solmsen in the Indogermanische Forschungen 1908
…
hist. 16. 142. Claud, de rapt. Pros. 3. 370ff. confuses Mt Ide in the Troad), which
…
used to roof the temple in which were celebrated the rites of Rhea and Zagreus (Eur.
…
ligneumque (sc. semen), magnitudine ciceris). Iron-coloured stones shaped like the human
…
The Thunderweapon in Religion and Folklore Cambridge 1911 p. 76 f. (' Thunderstones
…
n- o the right reading appears to be AiKTy, not "ldy : at most we have Mart. ep. 4. 1. 2
933
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 933
…
Nemesis und Adrasteia Breslau 1890 p. 175 f. finds Adrasteia, the infant Zeus, and his
…
Hence in the Rhapsodic theogony Adrasteia, daughter of Melissos and Amaltheia, is
…
in the Idaean Cave by Aetos the beautiful child of Earth (interp. Serv. in Verg. Aen. 1.
…
Other myths were readily attached to the same locality. It
…
bpoioos dveivrai irepl rr\v aKpobpeiav bvres). He had repaid his debt to the bees by turning
934
that Pythagoras first repaired to the mystics of Morges, one of the Idaean Daktyloi, by
…
that the cavern-rites were concerned with death as well as birth. Zan or Zeus lay dead.
…
Apart from the cave-sanctuary there were in s. v B.C.—if we may trust the Cretans of
…
Cretes frag. 472 Nauck2 ap. Porph. de abst. 4. 19 cited supra i. 648 n. 1). The significance
…
Rhizenia stipulates that the Rhizeniates shall send the victims to Mt Ide, every other
…
dibs—]. Another treaty, of c. 100 B.C., between Gortyna and Hierapytna on the one side
…
The oldest cult-cavern of Mt Ide seems to have been the grotto, known locally as
…
Wissowa Real-Enc. ix. 859 f.)). It was thoroughly explored in 1913 by a party from the
…
little ' Late Minoan,' the series ending with two Bugelkannen. The grotto, which is free
935
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 935
…
long by 8 ft 3 ins broad) covered by an elliptical dome. Eastwards of this is the sanctuary,
…
western portion is said to be older than the remainder. About 3060 ft below the summit,
937
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 937
…
patches of black carbonised matter, and has yielded the bulk of the articles in plate-
…
Below the Cave, on the western edge of the A^a-plain, are the foundations of a
938
The only ' Minoan ' object known to have been found in the Cave is a lenticular gem
…
tended, without undue rashness, that we have here the ultimate reason for the Cretan
…
tation of Zeus and the Kouretes (id. ib. p. 709 f. no. 10 Atlas pi. 1 = supra i. 645 pi. xxxv).
…
between them, are soldered ; from the plate hangs a snake biting its own tail (id. ib.
…
in terra cotta, e.g. the archaic figurine of a bull; the two heads of a god, with a modius,
939
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 939
…
(20) A tablet of terra cofta bearing in rubricated characters of Roman date the crucial
…
vows to Zeus 'IScuos in the shadow of a great rock and turned again, well content, to the
…
Crete London 1913 p. 248)/ After all, bears had some claim to be regarded as the nurses
…
1 Mt Juktas, an isolated ridge running from south to north towards Knossos and the
…
traveller can recall many such resemblances, but none that I have seen have the convincing
940
156 with fig. ri2 informs us ' that the long ridge of the mountain rising in successive peaks
…
The passage continues, after a comma, dprjaKevovcra dpbvuiaiv dvaiffdrjTois veKveaaiv). etc.
…
Lindsay, that Varro had himself seen the tomb). Cic. de nat. deor. 3. 53 tertium (sc.
…
(for the cenotaph of Astydamas, a Cydonian drowned between Cape Malea and Crete).
943
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 943
…
p.eTwvop.dady "Epp.ys. An attempt to trace the antecedents of the version common to
…
Kal Ala KaXovcri,'' the Chronicon Paschale 44 b—c (i. 80 Dindorf) ev ip XP°VV n?/cos 6 Kal
…
For references to the tomb of Zeus in writers of the Renaissance and of modern times
…
drew special attention to the precinct-wall of 'Cyclopean' masonry, which crowns its
…
cotta—among the ashes, male and female figures, oxen, goats, human limbs (an arm per-
944
'prayer-pellets' like those of Petsofa (J. L. Myres in the Ann. Brit. Sch. Ath. 1902—1903
…
of the same date on Troullos, a foot-hill of Mt Juktas (S. A. Xanthoudides in the 'E(f>.
…
surmises that the building described above ' was a little house of shelter and refection for
…
buried in the sanctuary of Aphrodite at Paphos (Ptolemaios of Megalopolis frag. 1 [Frag,
945
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 94 5
…
too the ingenious guess of a late grammarian that the inscription originally ran Mivuos rod
…
The southern and higher summit of Mt Juktas is topped by a church of AvdevT-rjs Xptaros,
…
identifies 'lepbv opos with the mountain of Zeus "Ap/3ios—a view accepted by L. Biirchner
…
Travels and Researches in Crete London 1865 i. 295 give illustrations of the cleft at Arvi.
…
geologist have listened to the men in the store that night, he would have accepted their
946
God under the name of Zeus Arbios.' Id. in the Joum. Hell. Stud. 1894 xiv. 285 f. fig. 16
…
p. 1109 n. 2, O. Jessen in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. vi. 198) or literally 'on the Tree'
…
have^z;. ;SO|/l AXA3H A youthful, beardless god seated to the left amid the branches
…
{Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Crete etc. p. 63 pi. 15, 10 and 12, Head Coins of the Ancients
…
Class. Rev. 1903 xvii. 412 f. fig. 8. My fig. 840 is from a specimen in the McClean collec-
947
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 947
…
so in the neighbouring town of Phaistos he had the same or a similar willow-bride.
…
the existence of a Cretan word /eX/cos, a 'cock,' evidenced by the Phaestian coin-type of
…
Rep. Vases ii. 271, Class. Rev. 1903 xvii. 413). But the vase-inscription is now read as
…
Lehnworte aus dem Orient zu betrachten sind'). The equation, however, does not satis-
…
Mr B. F. C. Atkinson and I, after a joint consideration of all the data, have rejected
…
The cult of Zeus FeXxdvos has left traces of itself in other places beside Phaistos :
948
The Tallaia range1.
…
i a very archaic inscription in retrograde lettering from the Pythion (Steph. Byz. s.v.
…
the month 'EXxcmos probably corresponded with our May—June). (4) Lyttos (G. Doublet
…
1 The Tallaia range, midway between Oaxos and the sea, reaches a maximum height
…
no. 514 [id.3 no. 712), 14 cited supra i. 729 n. 3, J. Demargne in the Bull. Corr. Hell.
…
co(n)s(ulibus) = 223 A.D. A. v. Premerstein and N. Vulic, who publish the inscription in
949
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
springs (TroKvTrtda^ eight times in the II., cp. Plat. legg. 682 b), derived its name (supra
…
beech, and sorb (Theophr. hist. pi. 3. 6. 5). Here grew the magic herb aithiopls (Plin.
…
got its name from Ide daughter of Melisseus. It is the greatest of the ranges near the
…
p. 79 pi. 14, 12—14, Head Hist, num.2 p. 548). One specimen names the head [l]AH
…
name, for the Leleges are said to have occupied the district Tapyapis (Strab. 610) and the
950
in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. vii. 757 f. cp. Gargissa some 33 kilometers to the north-
…
Mater Idaea, was worshipped far and wide throughout the Roman empire (H. Graillot
…
KaOi^ero KvSei yaiwv, \ elaopotov Tpiiiov re ttoXlv koli vrjas 'AxaiQv), on which as on the top
…
alpa Saipovcov). Gargaros, eponym of the town, was the son of Zeus (Steph. Byz. s.v.
…
'ISalos, was 'honoured as a god' by the Trojans (II. 16. 604 f. 'Ovrjropos, 5s Aids ipevs \
…
authority, since Hekabe bade Priam, when he set out for the hut of Achilles, pour a
…
raxvv ayyeXov,' k.t.X.). Virgil and the pseudo-Plutarch associate the cult of Zeus 'ISaios
…
Oeiov [3wpol rvyxdvovaiv). Lastly, writers of the Graeco-Roman age treat Gargaron as an
…
right hand and the cult-image of Athena 'iXids in his left, accompanied by the honorific
…
Greek and Roman Coins London 1899 p. 186 n. 3 would complete the formula by supplying
951
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 951
…
Zeus 'IScuos was worshipped at Skepsis also. Bronze coins of the town, struck by
…
from Skepsis (Kurshunhi Tepe) records a priest of Zeus 'IScuos (J. A. R. Munro in the
…
814—877, mentions the Trojan claim to possession of the cave where Zeus was born
…
A noteworthy bust of Zeus in white marble, formerly in the Stroganoff collection,
…
than any reference to the pine-wreath of the Isthmian victor.
…
Strabon's distances to be cumulative, not consecutive, he infers that Palaia Gargaros is the
952
W. Judeich 'Gargara und der Altar des idaischen Zeus' in the Jahresh. d. oest. arch.
…
masonry well adapted for the erection of houses and an elliptical akropolis enclosed by a
953
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 953
…
( = my fig. 845)) measuring c. 13™ x 15™ and approached by three flights of steps on the
…
3 The district of Pergamon was of old sacred to the Kabeiroi (Paus. 1. 4. 6 rjv 5e
…
TevTcti wcTTe xu^vwv re £k,a.io-'uov (with which word the fragmentary oration ends)). Their
…
Halis Saxonum 1911 p. 143 f.), was perhaps at one time carried on in connexion with the
954
is handing to the other a ram's head. H. von Fritze in the Zeitschr. f. Num. 1901 xxiv.
…
The Kabeiroi witnessed the birth of Zeus the lightning-god on the summit of Pergamon,
…
probable, but Apollon KXdpios as C. Picard in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1922 xlvi. 190 ff. and
…
= Cougny Anth. Pal. Append. 6. 172). The oracle begins:
…
The later passage concerning the sacrifices to the four gods has been quoted supra p. 287
955
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 955
…
The older and simpler altar of Zeus, consisting of ashes from the thighs of victims
…
124 ff. nos. 214—216, [30 ff. no. 225—the formula in each case being Ad Kal '' Adr^vdi
…
a couplet on the base of a marble herm from the Byzantine wall on the south side of the
…
the end of s. ii B.C. public oaths were administered at the altar of Zeus Zwttjp in the
…
ipLpieve?v k.t.X.). Among the honours decreed to Attalos iii by Elaia was a golden eques-
…
UTaroiL roTrwi rijs dyopds, k.t.X.) ; but this must refer to the agora at Elaia, not at Pergamon
956
Zeus was worshipped at Pergamon under several other appellatives. The water-supply
…
Rufmus, the consul of 197 A.D., was priest of Zeus 'OXvpwios (M. Frankel op. cit. ii. 297^
…
whose cult was probably introduced in the days of Hadrian
…
A remarkable crag on Mt Sipylos is topped by a rock-cut seat known to the ancients
957
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 957
…
Argis, sceptra (Sen. epist. 80. 7 quotes the line with regna for sceptra) mihi liquit Pelops').
…
date (M. Aurelius to Gallienus) repeat the obv. head of Zeus (or Mt Sipylos : see supra i.
…
2 According to Eumelos, Zeus was born in Lydia ; and on the top of Mt Tmolos, west
…
infant Zeus seated on the ground with an eagle hovering above him {Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins
…
akropolis (320™) overlooks the little river Eudonos, a tributary of the Maiandros (map by
…
Larisa, a village higher up on the slopes of Messogis, thirty stades from Tralleis, gave
…
Kpep-aarfj Aaplari (so cod. A, with another cr added by the second hand. Xapio-ar] cett.
958
a added by the second hand. XapLaaios cett. codd.) Zevs iKeWev eTroov6p.affTai), as did
…
ot /xvaraL tov eve[pyerr/v])) or to Zeus Aapdcrtos (K. Buresch in the Ath. Mitth. 1894 xix.
…
Tt/xta[f]). Decrees were set up in the sanctuary of Zeus (A. E. Kontoleon in the Bull.
…
Schafer)] vdip tov Atos ev Tip eirKpaveaTaTip TOirip) or Zeus Aapdcrtos (A. Fontrier in the Bull.
…
Aap[a<r]t[o]i/, tt)v de erepav \ [ev riit iepuii tt)s' A0rf\vas, M. Pappakonstantinou in the Ath.
…
Xidivijly /cat g-rfjaai ev tuii teptDt tov | [Atos tov Aapacriov k.t.X.], T. Macridy in the
…
k.t.X.). And votive offerings to the god included a couple of eagles (C. Fellows An Account
…
k.ioyevr)s 'Opdi\_uv]\os Qeip Att evxa\_p\L0~t&v tovtovs | 8v" derovs dve\dr)Ke. The formula Get?
959
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 959
…
Aapacriov, J. R. S. Sterrett in the Ath. Mitth. 1883 viii. 330 ff. no. 11, i4.fi:. = id. in the
…
Atds tov Aapacriov QXaoviov KXeiTocrdevovs k.t.X., id. in the Ath. Mitth. 1901 xxvi. 239
…
a.d., Tralleis was visited by an earthquake, a Pythian oracle delivered to the priest
…
(The last word is a puzzle. O. Kern loc. cit. p. 101 n. 1 holds that it is either an unknown
…
iKel yap puXdi ecrriv. 8r]Xoi 5e tov 8t]plotik6v. ]. O. Schaefer op. cit. p. 464 f. prefers the
…
Aapacrtos 2e/3a.<rr6s Evpcevrji (J. R. S. Sterrett in the Papers of the American School 1888 ii.
…
there identified with Zeus Awdwvalos (id. ib. i. 512, on the strength of Corp. inscr. Gr. ii
…
Ramsay comments : ' Aurelia Aemilia belonged to a family in which the ancient custom
960
This custom was common in the native religions of Asia Minor (1) [(1) Strab. p. 559 and
…
'Concerning the Rite at the Temple of Mylitta' in Anthropological Essays presented to
…
believed to represent a father-god, their union being thought to promote the fruitfulness
…
tt^pOos avrris dyerai p.erd top rr/s 7raXXa/feias Kaipbv). And the dvnrroTrodes recall the priests
…
AAPASIOY below the bull (id. ib. p. 169 no. 3). One, in place of the maeander, gives
…
rov ~EiUfj.evovs Kai 'Ecrrtas t[t)s irapedpov auJJroO Kat twv aWuv dewv Scorf^pw;' k.t.X.] and the
961
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
Other coins of the town illustrate the myth of Zeus : (1) a copper of Antoninus Pius
…
has rev. the infant Zeus suckled by a goat (Mionnet Descr. de mid. ant. Suppl. vii. 472
…
veil led towards the left by Hermes, who wears a chlamys and holds a caduceus in his right
…
now in the British Museum, has rev. a male figure (Zeus ?) clad in a hifndtioti extending
…
and W. Wroth in the Num. Chron. Fourth Series 1903 iii.
…
representations of successive scenes in certain religious mysteries connected with the
962
The cult of Zeus Aapdaios spread to Miletos, where a small domestic altar dedicated
…
2 The Zeus-cult of the Ephesians can be traced back to the first half of s. vii B.C.
…
less importance than Artemis ; and the tradition which located her birth at Ortygia (the
…
who bears a comu copiae. In front of the principal mountain, on the level of the plain, is
…
fig. 849 from a cast)) show Zeus '0\ufj.wtos seated to the left,
…
gerent shared the honours of his festival {Corp. inscr. Gr.
…
has rev. Z£YC €060100 TTPHTOC ACIAC Zeus standing with the cult-statue
963
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 963
…
Finally, the cult-statue of Artemis was called Aio-rreres as having fallen from Zeus
…
avTois Tt/unioTaTa /cat to. bioireTr) ndKovpieva). Cp. the passages cited by Stephanus Thes.
…
P. Saintyves 'Talismans et reliques tombes du ciel' in the Revue des Etudes Ethno-
964
2 Zeus '0\vfj.irioi [supra i. 116 n. 8, 124)- ^The cult-statue of the god appears on a
…
rev. TON KTICTHN n POYCA6IC (in exergue) the same figure holding his phidle
…
3 Aizanoi [Tchavdir-Hissar) [Alfavls only Ptol. 5. 2. 17 ed. pr.), the chief town of
965
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
The te"menos of Zeus, which occupies a square terrace (i4.6'^.6m x i62-g6m) contrived
…
range of Corinthian columns with a handsome propylaion opposite to the stairway. Out-
968
TroXecos [ [i] <pi\o<Te(3a]aros /3ouXtj | [/cat 6 yea>/c6p[os 5t}/xos |---|---). Inside the right
…
The neocorate is further evidenced by coins (Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia p. 28
…
A copper of Phrygia Epiktetos, struck at Aizanoi (F. Imhoof-Blumer in the Festschrift
…
also the same figure in a tetrastyle temple with arch over central intercolumniation (ib.
969
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
Upper valley of the Tembrogios or Tembrios3.
…
4 The myth of Attis has two principal forms—a Lydian version, in which Attis is killed
…
probably the priest Valerius, thereby contaminating the Pessinuntine tradition of Agdistis
…
corrupt). He was called Attis because the Lydian word attis means 'scitulus' or because
…
When Attis was fully grown, he went to Pessinous to wed the king's daughter, [being sent
970
of the alliance with Agdistis and closed the town to prevent any untoward interruption of
…
the Great Mother of the gods collected the severed parts, wrapped them in his garment,
…
a Pessinuntine appellation of the Great Mother. So Strab. 469 ot 5e BepeKvvres, &pvyun>
…
over the 77) cod. D. dyyibio-riv codd. relL Angidistam Guarino da Verona), Hesych. s.v.
…
A.B.C.) 6 yevvr/Oels iK rod Aios enrbpov. The same divine name occurs in several inscrip-
…
Kybele, with a pair of lions, seated in an aedicula (R. Pococke A Description of the East,
…
nXovaia inrep twv dvyarepwv Kara rrpbcrraypa \ 'Ayylo-(re)i (the^ stone has ATTICCd)
971
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 971
…
2 Mt Kragos is a continuation of Mt Tauros, forming a promontory (Yedi-Buri'm, the
…
17 Xt/xatpa (pdpay^ ris, dirb rod aiyiaXov dvareivovo-a (the glen of Avian : see O. Benndorf—
…
rrjvSe. The cave-cult of Apollon at Lopta described in this curious record may give us
972
1 Supra i. 100 n. ri. Methodios, bishop of the Lycian town Olympos at the beginning
…
/3ej3\ao-TrjKevaL. k.t.X.) The good bishop describes the phaenomenon in terms reminiscent
…
fig. 65 and pi. 17. In antiquity several such fiery jets were known and the site was called
…
Ad Kal 'H(paiaTU!. G. F. Hill in the Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lycia, etc. p. Ixvi compares
…
2 Prostanna {Egherdir) was situated on the shore of Limnai, at the foot of Mt Viarus
973
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 973
…
(Strab. 630) or Solyma {id. 666), the modern Giildere Dagh or Giillik Dagh. It was an
…
The principal deity of the town in classical times was Zeus 2oXup.ei»s. Mionnet
…
Pisidiens Wien 1892 ii. 47 ff. describes the remains of what was probably the temple of
…
The same deity was believed to have under his special protection the tombs of the
974
G. F. Hill in the Joum. Hell. Stud. 1895 xv. 127 f. publishes, among inscriptions
…
on a lintel from the southernmost part of the gymnasium [tov irpdiTov iepao-~\ap.£vov Atos
…
( = Corp. inscr. Gr. iii no. 4366 m) completed by G. Cousin in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1899
…
be a tag from some popular chorus (hence the quasi-Done kclttovs) performed at a festival
…
1 In 82 B.C. Mithridates vi Eupator, having cleared Kappadokia of the Roman forces,
975
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 975
…
rounded hill (1350™) known as Beuyuk Evlia, 'The Great Saint' (map xiii), and reputed
976
[See further Frazer Golden Bough?: The Magic Art ii. 40—45].) The summit of the hill
…
scriptions from the neighbouring village of Ebimi preserve dedications to Zeus lirpdrios
…
we gather that in the year 99 A.D. the cult was administered by awdpxovres and veuKdpoi.
…
■nrdvTa kovis. The man is as full of quotations as Dikaiopolis).
…
F. Cumont justly regards the sacred pines still growing on Beuyuk Evlia as comparable
977
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 977
…
To this I would add but two remarks. Doubtless, as Cumont says, the pyre of
…
Milch, Honig und 01, doch selten alles zugleich.' Is the ritual of Aisch. Pers. 610 ff.
…
In antiquity few persons reached the summit, and those who did declared that in clear
…
the summit (id. p. 125 f.): 'The view was quite clear and very extensive, including the
…
view of these three needles, which are c. 50 feet in height]. The crater or craters, which
978
the distance, and the height of the intervening mountains.' Tozer adds (ib. p. 126 f.) : 'As
…
coins of Kaisareia, in silver and bronze, from Tiberius to Gordianus iii, repeat the type
…
in the British Museum, which shows Mt Argaios with a wreath above it and a goat's
…
This famous type has been discussed at length by W. Wroth in the Brit. Mus. Cat.
…
'Apycuos ?xel TrepLKeLnevov 5pvp.bv, k.t.\) are represented by trees (figs. 866, 869 ff.). The
…
credunt. It remains therefore to ask what deity was believed to inhabit the mountain.
…
big at Kaisareia. Wroth himself concludes (as does Rossbach loc. cit. p. 407 f.) that the
980
temple below with a star in its pediment and between its columns the inscription 61C
…
166, i74f. did not scruple to speak of a 'Zeus Argaos.' And, though the exact appellation
…
here, as elsewhere (supra pp. 160, 431 f.), the Dioskouroi are
…
5 Zagreus (supra i. 651), whose art-type was borrowed by the Cretan Zeus 'IScuos
981
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 981
…
columns, from each of'which hangs a fillet, and two steps, on which is the inscription
…
1 Mt Kasion (Djebel-el-Akrd) rises abruptly from the sea to a height of 5318 ft. The
…
the mountain derived its name from a certain king Kasios, who had entertained Zeus
…
taught how to make fire from the friction of wood on wood. They in turn had gigantic
…
see Gruppe Cult. Myth, orient. Rel. i. 392) >, who were named after their mothers, the
…
Kasos and Belos, sons of Inachos, founded Antiocheia on the Orontes (Synkell. chron.
…
Several myths attached to the mountain. Zeus pursued Typhon to Mt Kasion
…
conspectis nisi cum praesidio earum indigetur). The Antiochenes honoured Triptolemos
…
In historical times we get repeated allusions to the cult of Zeus on this mountain.
982
the month Xanthikos (April) offered sacrifice to Zeus Kdaios upon Mt Kasion : an eagle
…
med.). Trajan, accompanied by Hadrian, visited Seleukeia in the month Apellaios (De-
…
S''ApaaiciSewv). In 129 a.d. Hadrian climbed the mountain by night to witness the sun-
…
Kdirios, for a medallion, struck in 167 a.d. on account of the victories won in the east by
…
Wissowa Real-Enc. x. 2265. In the spring of 363 a.d. Julian ascended Mt Kasion on a
…
But the most interesting evidence with regard to the cult is supplied by the coin-types
…
the roof is an eagle with spread wings, and beneath the shrine 5T6YC K AC IOC (Brit.
983
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 983
…
Antoninus Pius). Later specimens omit the god's name {Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 217 no. 43
…
Zeus Kacrios must not be confounded with Zeus Kepawto? {supra p. 809); the stone
984
1 Hadrian attempted to crush Christianity by erecting a statue of Aphrodite on the site
…
So even the pagans realised that the Cross meant Love Divine and the empty Tomb
…
Byz. s.v. KaaLou). According to Sanchouniathon as reported by Philon of Byblos, the
…
awdevres £ir\evcrav, Kal eKpicpevres irepl to KaaaLOv 6pos vabv aiirbOi dfyiipwcrav). The story
…
statues to his memory near Mt Kasion (Appian. bell. civ. 2. 86). In the winter of 69—
…
clearing it of sand and replacing the bronze statues, which had been removed to the
…
tions Casiotic joiners (B. P. Grenfell—A. S. Hunt The Oxyrhynchus Papyri London
…
certain fabrics called qassiah as made on the spot (Maqrizi Description topographique et
985
The Mountain-cults of Zeus
…
[Ovp]avia 'A<ppo8dTt] Net/07 ev Kavwwuj.' A. Salac, who publishes the inscription in the
…
J. Cledat in the Comptes rendtis de P Acad, desinscr. el belles-lettres 1905 pp. 602—611,
…
temple facing east, built of gypsum at the eastern extremity of the hill; (3) numerous
…
1 We are further indebted to J. Cledat for the discovery of a temple dedicated to Zeus
…
Ko<r[p,rjO-a]q-vvopoo-r}K[.....]cccop.aTt[---] j [---aujrov. I cannot make head or tail of the
986
A. Salac in the Bull. Corr. Hell. igi2 xlvi. 166—176 {'Zeus Kasios en Egypte'), not
…
suckungen zur Geschichte des Kaisers Hadrianus Leipzig 1907 p. 246). By the fall of the
…
existing cult-statue of Harpokrates, the youthful Horos. This contention is strongly
…
andrini Cairo 1901 i. 418 no. 6345 pi. 34). Other coins of the same town, struck by
…
head of the emperor to right, laureate, with paluda77ientum over shoulder; rev. bust of
…
iii. 457 no. 391). An Egyptian connexion is again presupposed by the statement that
…
was chosen as the successor of the youthful Horos. And here I should conjecture that we
…
taboo (as to which see the references collected by J. E. B. Mayor on Iuv. 15. 9) was
987
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 987
…
rites of initiation—another point of contact with the Cretan Zeus (supra i. 648 ff., 6636°.).
…
yeypa\fj,p.eva iravra k.t.~X. addressed on the back d7ro(5os) 'AiroXLvapLio lx'tto TLerpwuLov
…
Baudissin op. cit. ii. 240 was inclined to derive the Pelusiac from the Syrian cult of
…
Heimat herubernahmen.' Frau Adler loc. cit. adopts the latter view, 'class beide Kulte auf
…
that Zeus 'Twapteus (sic) derived his appellative from the goat.
Appendix E: The Kyklops in folk-tales
988
THE KYKLOPS IN FOLK-TALES.
…
of them making valuable contributions to the subject. But the palm must be
…
Hackman arranges the tales in three groups—A, B, and C. Group A
…
The former alternative, (a), prevails in southern and western Europe;
…
1 W. Grimm 'Die Sage von Polyphem ' in the Abh. d. berl. Akad. iSjy Phil.-hist.
…
2 C. Nyrop ' Sagnet om Odysseus og Polyphem ' in the Nordisk Tidskrift for Filologi
…
5 G. Pohvka ' Nachtrage zur Polyphemsage' in the Archiv f. Rel. 1898 i. 305—336,
…
literargeschichtliche Untersuchung Leipzig 1917 pp. 1—167. Review by J. Bolte in the
…
quite enough, as he remarks, ' to illustrate the wide diffusion of the tale and the general
…
241. Review by J. Bolte in the Zeitschrift des Vereins fitr Volkskunde 1905 xv. 460 f.
989
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales 989
…
(/3), which makes less demand on the hearer's credulity.
…
This episode, which probably formed part of the original tale1, bulks big
…
iv The hero escapes detection by giving his name as ' Self or ' Myself,'
…
the vengeance of his victim's companions by giving his name as 'Myself
…
Group C (47 variants) is a late combination of i Q3), the blinding of the
…
It will be seen from this analysis that the story of Polyphemos, as related by
…
5 Unless indeed we may suppose that a trace of the ring-throwing subsists in the stone-
990
urged, not only that the Kyklops' eye stood for the sun in heaven1, but also that
…
7 Text in the AeXrlov rrjs 'ltjTOpiKris /ecu 'HldvoXoyLKTjs 'Eraiptas ttjs 'EXXdSos Athens 1883
…
8 On the Ap&Kos or Ap&KovTas of the modern Greek see B. Schmidt Das Volksleben der
…
9 With his fixed epithet ' Famous ' cp. the Homeric Ho\v<p7]fj.os.
991
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales 991
…
told her of his quest. ' Listen, my son,' said the old woman : 'thou hast under-
…
a bannock as big as a mill-stone, he cut a piece of the bannock, dipped it in the
992
duly gave the horse's pile of bones to the dog and the dog's heap of straw to the
…
to set free. The youth did so ; and the princesses gave him the golden wand as
…
was a woman. She was collecting wood. There was also a Tepekozis2. The
…
2 Tepe means 'hill' and here, presumably, 'head.' Koz is for giiz, 'eye.' The name,
993
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales 993
…
More often we meet with single episodes of the Kyklops-tale isolated from
…
(recorded at Lasta in the deme Mylaon in Gortynia, a district of the Morea). Translation
994
The same motif is woven into tales of different texture from Zakynthos and
…
begged him to contract a marriage on her behalf with the Giant of the Moun-
…
Berge '), 230 f. = Hackman op. cit. p. 11 f. no. 3. The tale is a variant of a type first
…
they quarry huge stones for building towers and cause the earthquakes that are so frequent
…
3 For a similar incident see 'The Scab-pate,' a folk-tale from Astypalaia (J. Pio
…
Geldart op. cit. p. 37 f. ' The Golden Wand').
995
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales
…
1 In a folk-tale from Syra (E. M. Geldart op. cit. p. 16 f. ' The two brothers and the
…
Trimmatos ou l'ogre aux trois yeux.' The tale falls under the thirtieth or ' Bluebeard '-
996
these he dug up the dead body and devoured it. At this she fell sick of a fever.
…
pared to eat her for not having kept his secret. Kindling a brasier, the flames
…
steps should be strewn with chick-peas, that two pits should be dug at the
…
who bade three of his children—Dimitri, Michael, and George—go out into the
…
other Mediterranean ports. After two years they joined the crew of a fine
997
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales 997
…
Once safely outside, George fled to the nearest wood, wandered about in it,
998
plunged into it, and emerged on the other side as so many bands of storks !
…
mother looked for it in vain ; they never thought of the stork. Meantime summer
…
nights in the darkness. At last he saw in the distance a star, which proved to
…
saluted his birthplace by firing a number of guns, and invited on board the elders
…
thought it a mere joke. But George proved the truth of his words by bidding a
…
2 The river Meles. 3 Perhaps a reminiscence of Gen. 42. 14 ff.
999
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales 999
…
to-do folk still living at Therapia and in the neighbourhood.
…
and he said 'Awards—" Mr Self." When he had cooked the goat, he beat the
…
(8) The Kyklopes in an Albanian Folk-tale5.
…
were in ! They saw a light far off and said, "Let's go and see if we can pass the
…
3 k\€(prrjs tie tovs K~ke<pTais, Kal \peirris fxe tovs ipevrais, i.e. do at Rome as the Romans do.
1000
about in the rams' skins. Meanwhile the spits were heated, and each of the men
…
A Sicilian tale from Erice, which G. Pitre had from the lips of a girl only
1001
The Kyklops in Folk-Tales iooi
…
gone a good distance, night came on. " We had better return," said the youngest
…
of spite, because I've only one eye." "Then," continued the school-boy, "if I
…
to a great cavern, where dwelt the Occhiaro (' Bright-eye'), a monster with only
…
Finamore. For a very similar version (i(a)+ii (/3) + iii), likewise from the Abruzzo, see
…
2 Episode i (a) is here crossed by episode i (/3), the southern by the northern form
…
takes the place of i (a) in a version recorded at Pisa (D. Comparetti (Novelline popolari
…
3 C. Nyrop ' Sagnet om Odysseus og Polyphem ' in the Nordisk Tidskrift for Filologi
1002
one big brilliant eye. The Occhiaro closed the cavern with a great stone, and
…
(12) The Kyklops in an English Folk-tale.
…
servants from Dalton that at the rebuilding of the farm the mound was opened, and a
…
3 Ld. in Folk-Lore toe. cit. says further: 'in the mill was shown...the giant's...stone
1003
barred the door. Jack was again in difficulties, but he soon found a way out of
…
THE DIOSKOUROI AND HELENE IN MODERN FOLK-TALES.
…
(1) A good example of the group in question is the modern Greek story of
…
Crane Italian Popular Tales London 1885 pp. 17, 325. On the ' expulsion' formula see
…
barred the door. Jack was again in difficulties, but he soon found a way out of
…
THE DIOSKOUROI AND HELENE IN MODERN FOLK-TALES.
…
(1) A good example of the group in question is the modern Greek story of
…
Crane Italian Popular Tales London 1885 pp. 17, 325. On the ' expulsion' formula see
Appendix F: The Dioskouroi and Helene in modern folk-tales
1004
his master to take a hatchet to cut a branch from the tree. Sun did so, and re-
…
up to the knees, next up to the thighs, and then up to the waist. At this crisis
…
hard-working daughters. The eldest of them wished that she had for husband
…
were grown up, he built them a tower to live in. As for the queen, at the time
…
sische Miirche7i Leipzig 1864 ii. 40 ff. I have condensed the version of von Hahn.
1005
promised to bear, and that night he told his mother about them. She taxed the
…
midnight and might then be shot. The young men followed the monk's directions,
1007
sister. The king was so pleased at his success that he gave him a small kingdom.
…
(4) A variant hails from Hagia Anna, a small town in the north-east of
1008
and told him all that had happened. Thereupon he brought his wife out of the
…
(5) A Sicilian parallel to the foregoing tales is entitled The Herb-gatherer's
…
befell one of them. The deer nursed the children till they were grown up. Then
…
see the Dancing Water.' The lad followed these instructions, filled his bottles
1010
Apple, the Speaking Bird spoke to him and bade the sister and brothers invite
…
(6) It must not be supposed that tales of this type are found only in the
…
who one evening after supper were talking confidences. The eldest said that
1011
he was dead. A day arrived when she failed to draw the dagger : her eldest
…
the hollow of an old tree she saw a little man with a long white beard, who
…
of the path would be seen many stone pillars—men, who had essayed to climb
…
would then hop down from branch to branch of the apple-tree, and enter a cage
…
directions she faithfully carried out. Passing through the intense cold on the
1012
(77) The Myth of Zethos and Amphion as an 'Expulsion' Tale.
…
{a) Jealous relatives deprive the mother of her new-born children, who are
…
ib) Beasts are substituted for the new-born children ; or the mother is
…
Von Hahn has done good service by thus emphasising the permanent features of
…
i. 390 ff. 'Fifth Diversion of the Fourth Day,' F. M. Luzel ' Les trois filles du boulanger'
1013
ation at least, would have been so outrageous and so unconvincing as that of the
…
extant, not indeed a play of Euripides, but at least the summary of a Euripidean
…
Apollodoros, who is paraphrasing Euripides' Antiof>e\ tells the tale of that
…
them and reared them, calling the one Zethos, the other Amphion. Zethos gave
…
The general similarity of Euripides' play to the ' expulsion 'formula of J. G.
…
an ancient god of daylight comparable with Zeus Lykaios: the Theban Lykos
…
about to slay Lycus, Mercurius forbade them and at the same time ordered
…
Nauck2) ap. Aristot. poet. 16. 1454 b 11 ff. used certain congenital signs in the shape of
…
the remarks of A. Nauck Trag. Gr.frag." p. 410 m An analogous version by Kephalion,
…
6 Hyg./a^. 8. So the schol. Ap. Rhod. 4. 1090.
1014
\0) Stellar names of the children in 'Expulsion' Tales.
…
3. A boy with the Morning-star on his face, a girl with the Evening-star
…
The children, then, are definitely stellar; and a comparison of the last two
…
(c) Exposure of the children and Punishment of the mother in
…
1. They are put into boxes and flung into the sea.
…
2 If this comparison be well founded, the relation of the children to horses may be
…
secures the winged horse of the plain, which eats men and beasts.
…
5 J. Rendel Harris The Cult of the Heavenly Twins Cambridge 1906 p. 10 ff.
1015
5. They are thrown out for the dogs to eat.
…
and reared them ; Dirke took their mother Antiope to the same place, fastened
…
3 Tzetz. in Lyk. Al. 88, Apollod. 3. 10. 7. The egg was left iv t<2 eAet (Tzetz.), iu
…
one of them containing Castor and Pollux, the other Clytemnestra and Helena (Myth.
…
In a sanctuary of Hilaeira and Phoibe at Sparta an egg, hung from the roof by
…
//. 11. 709. Kteatos and Eurytos were the sons of Molione, daughter of Molos, nominally
1016
But whether this egg, like that of Helene, was left in the wilds, we do not know.
…
Their mother Ilia became the wife of the river-god Anien or Tiberis1. According
…
(b) A golden bough, on which all the birds of the world meet to sing.
…
(b) A mirror, which shows the whole world and is kept by forty dragons.
1017
throughout ancient Greek mythology. The folk-tale hero rides off to get the
…
Bearing the thunder-peal and lightning-flash
…
343 no. 449, J. B. Biot in the Ann. d. Inst. 1847 xix. 184 fF., Mon. d. Inst, iv pi. 39,2 ( = my
…
represent him as a constellation in the sky. My friend Prof. E. T. Whittaker, late
…
figure flanked by two other stars. There are in the northern sky two well -known instances
1018
The hero of another folk-tale captures the Winged Horse of the Plain : he
…
Bellerophontes, who captures Pegasos while drinking at the spring Peirene2;
…
7 We must, however, bear in mind the warning uttered by that careful student of Greek
1019
(X) Penalties exacted by the children in 'Expulsion' Tales.
…
gruesome analogy. Zethos and Amphion, as we have already heard1, bind the
…
ORPHIC THEOGONIES AND THE COSMOGONIC EROS.
…
refers a fragment to the wrong context. An important supplement is G. Murray
…
But the subject is even now far from being exhausted, and a Corpus of the monu-
…
traced, there is obvious to the impartial observer either a straining of the evidence or a
…
I figure e.g. the principal design on an Apulian krate'r from Palazzuolo near Syracuse,
…
in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 21846°. fig. 1, J. H. Huddilston Greek Tragedy in the light of
…
(X) Penalties exacted by the children in 'Expulsion' Tales.
…
gruesome analogy. Zethos and Amphion, as we have already heard1, bind the
…
ORPHIC THEOGONIES AND THE COSMOGONIC EROS.
…
refers a fragment to the wrong context. An important supplement is G. Murray
…
But the subject is even now far from being exhausted, and a Corpus of the monu-
…
traced, there is obvious to the impartial observer either a straining of the evidence or a
…
I figure e.g. the principal design on an Apulian krate'r from Palazzuolo near Syracuse,
…
in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 21846°. fig. 1, J. H. Huddilston Greek Tragedy in the light of
Appendix G: Orphic Theogonies and the cosmogonic Eros
1020
devoted special attention to the Orphic theogonies (P. R. Schuster De veteris
…
Orphische theogonie' in the Jahrb. f. class. Philol. 1874 xx. 666—676, id. De
…
the Archiv fiir Geschichte der Philosophic 1897 xi. 13—17, Rohde Psyche^ ii.
…
(1) The earliest Orphic Theogony.
…
primis principiis 124 (i. 319, 8 ff. Ruelle)). The contents of the poem can be
…
heaven and earth were regarded as the upper and lower halves of the vast egg
…
(Plat. Tim. 40 e). Fair-flowing Okeanos took to wife Tethys, his sister by the
…
Phorkys, Kronos, Rhea, and others (Plat. Tim. 40 e, Cic. Tim. 11). The sequel
1021
branches of golden apples to the wedding and allowed Hera to plant them in
…
pseudo-Eratosth. catast. 3 calls it the garden of the gods ; others, the gardens of
…
age and a very different locality. If the Atd? dwarf) really presupposes an Orphic
…
that the Orphic poem took shape somewhere in Asia Minor as the result of early
…
Enorches, who founded a temple for Dionysos and called the god after himself
…
(Aristot. hist. an. 9.50. 632 a 20)). Now the names Thyestes and Daito recall at
…
15 a), and imply that in Lesbos as at Mykenai there lingered the memory of
1022
1861 ii. 154—158 argues that the Mycenaean myth points back to a human
…
'bruiser': see Boisacq Diet. etym. de la Langne Gr. p. 355), though the Lesbian
…
d8eX(pov dnlnTeivtv cos iepeiov) to Thrace, where the devouring of a dismembered
…
Tzetz. in Hes. o.d. 1 p. 28, 6f. Gaisford)). The descent of Dionysos and Poly-
…
primisprincipiis 123 bis (i. 317, 15 ff. Ruelle) :—In the beginning was water and
…
Stephanus Thes. Gr. Ling. iii. 249 B—c) which thickened into earth. Water, the
1023
Berolini 1888 p. 25 f.) with golden wings on his shoulders, the heads of bulls
…
thinks that the theogony current under his name ' war sicher kein besonderes
…
(fivopevoov vTvoXapfidvovTas prjTepa ttpoo-ayopevaai, the Egyptian word for 'mother'
1024
p. 431 n. 3 further cites the thickening of water into slime and earth in Mandaite
…
a\(fiiTov v8<tTL KoXkfi<ras). And the equation of Zeus with Pan is again suggestive
…
cites the opening hexameter of a lepos Xoyos ascribed to Pythagoras; Iambi.
…
mother on Mt Pangaion, had enunciated the fundamental significance of number
…
Eudok. viol. 173 speaks of a lepos Xoyos written by the Pythagorean Arignote ;
1025
it appears that the names Mtjtls and Qdvrjs had an obvious sense for Greek ears,
…
deity (Orph. h. Prolog. 6. 10), or—and this I regard as the more probable view—
…
orphischen Erikepaios' (god of Ericibba=Kridu) in the Wiener Studien 1912
…
below and two garlands supported on ram's-heads). The second element in the
…
in Dionys.^fer. 288) by some called Okeanos (Hyg. poet. astr. 2. 32) or the Nile
1026
233 Creuzer, cp. Orph. Arg. 14 ff.). As fAovoyevrjs he was in the time of the
…
when he emerged from the 'white egg ' (Orph. frag. 70 Kern ap. Damask, quaest.
…
kios quaest. de primis priitcipiis 209 (ii. 92, 25 ff. Ruelle)) received the sceptre
…
in Aristot. met. N. 4. 1091 b 4 p. 182, 14 f. Kroll); she also had the gift of
1027
the ordering of all things consulted both Nyx and Kronos, whom he had already
…
Plat. Cratyl. pp. 54, 19 and 62, 3 ff. Pasquali). At the advice of Nyx Zeus leapt
…
Zeus had within his own belly the body of all things, and, since he had digested
…
afresh the world and all its contents, including gods and goddesses (Orph.
…
Accordingly Zeus himself was described by the Orphists in pantheistic terms
1029
be both one and divided, he was bidden to wrap aither round the world and tie
…
Tim. i. 315, 11 ff. Diehl, id. in Plat. Alcib. i. 219 f. Creuzer). Rhea, as the
…
opo'j ZijXos t 'ATrdrrj re of the first Aphrodite with Orph. frag. 183 Kern aft.
…
'A(ppo8LTrjv I dcppoyeurj of the second). Zeus also mated with his sister Hera, who
…
i. 637 ff., in the fahrb.f. class. Philol. 1890 Suppl. xvii. 716 ff., Gr. Myth. Rel.
…
horned babe, the chthonian Dionysos or Zagreus (suftra i. 398: other notices of
1030
the myth in Ov. met. 6. 114, Philostr. epist. 30 (58) Hercher, Nonn. Dion. 5.
…
i. 83 Creuzer) and the Kouretes (Orph. frag. 151 Kern ap. Prokl. in Plat. Cratyl.
…
Hera in anger got the Titans to trick the boy by means of certain toys (Orph.
…
Nonn. Dion. 6. 173), when the Titans, having first smeared their faces with
…
174 ff., cp. supra i. 398). A bellowing in mid air from the throat of Hera was
…
Tim. iii. 169, 3 ff. Diehl: similarly Typhon divided the body of Osiris into
…
calls the assailants Titans)); they then set a caldron on a tripod, boiled the
1031
Pasquali), Zeus appeared, struck the Titans with a thunderbolt, and gave the
…
Stahlin cited supra p. 218)—the Titanic caldron being identified with the
…
Favorin. lex. p. 1417, 26 ff.: Eustath. in II. p. 84, 43 f. transfers the incident to
…
Dionysus ille vocatur, | Religio cuius in vacuo falsa curatur, | etc.). Thus the
1032
upshot of the Titans' murderous onslaught was that their victim was put together
…
3. 12. 5, Macrob. comm. in somn. Scip. I. 12. 12), whilst the aggressors were visited
…
The bodies of those that had been struck by the thunderbolts were reduced to
…
men arose from the blood of the Giants (Ov. met. 1. 154 ff., interp. Serv. in Verg.
…
The Rhapsodies, which—as the foregoing summary shows—began with
…
did not obtain much recognition till the time of the neo-Pythagoreans. A pro-
…
—a genealogy known to Aischylos (supfa p. 252), and by the equation of Rhea
…
Prokl. in Plat. remp. i. 18, 12 ff. Kroll), the one barbaric deity mentioned in
1033
the poem, was worshipped at Athens in 403 B.C. {supra p. 115), if not earlier
…
that Kratinos the younger, a contemporary of Platon the philosopher, in his
…
cos eoinev iv ra> ^acr/xtm | \if3ava>TOTra>\rjs rj fidyeipos SixeAiKOf makes fun of the
…
appropriate allusion to the rao^a (Orph. frag. 66 a Kern ap. Prokl. in Plat.
…
best doubtful. Platon himself has no direct allusion to the Rhapsodies1; but
…
Empedokles) between, say, 550 and 450 B.C. On the whole, then, it may be con-
…
poet. Hence its vogue among neo-Pythagorean writers of the Graeco-Roman age.
…
ii. 559 n. 4, Costantin in the Rev. Arch. 1899 355 ff- &g- 6 f., L. Frobenius
1035
was originally an egg ('IVeliei') ; (2) the sun in particular is egg-shaped and was
…
Confining our attention to old-world examples, we note the following :
…
devotion).), when they were becoming heated, a golden egg was produced. The
1036
long as the space of a year. 2 In a year's time a man, this Pra^apati, was pro-
…
two halves he formed heaven and earth, between them the middle sphere,
…
of Religion and Ethics Edinburgh 1911 iv. 156—160 and the monograph of
…
{c) Persia. In Parsi speculation of Sassanian date Ahura the creator made
…
Kcina tois dyadois with the comments of R. Eisler WeltenmantelundHi7nmelszelt
…
either of the mythical personages so named (O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii.
1037
17, Hunter Cat. Corns iii. 263 pi. 76, 31, Head Coins of the Ancients p. 41 pi. 20,
…
paTwv eaaTepov. The names OvXapos and Xovo-copos are presumably Phoenician,
…
the point, tells me (Sept. 13, 1916) that O&Xcopos might perhaps be connected with
…
tamarisk tree in Beer-sheba, and called there on the name of the Lord, the
…
K.r.A. But Xpvacop may well be an attempt to make the Phoenician Xovo-copos
1038
Die Phonizier Berlin 1841 i. 136 equated it with the Egyptian Moid, ' Mother'
…
' Les principes cosmogoniques ph^niciens ttoOos et pa>r' in the Melanges Graux
…
literation of D'tDK' ''SIV {sop he samayim), 'observers of heaven.' The three versions
…
(6) The Cosmogonic Eros.
1039
primary position to cosmic Desire or Love. According to the Catapatha Brah-
…
Aristophanes' travesty of the 'wind-egg.' We must, I think, conclude that the
…
16. 55, 480, 17. 99, h. Ap. 513, cp. Od. 24. 489, h. Ap. 499) or the like (//. 13.
1040
conensis the earliest coins (s. iii B.C.), copying the Siculo-Punic drachma?, show
…
this little personage becomes an obvious Eros, his wing formed by the horse's
…
imitations of the type sometimes show the winged figure riding the horse (R.
…
on his heels (fig. 888). In the field stands a stag, beneath which on many speci-
1041
ria-aiTo Uerriaios and the evidence collected by O. Jessen in'Pauly—Wissowa
…
= my fig. 890, cp. p. 156 f. pi. in, 15 ff., p. 186 pi. 125, 16, Head Coins of the
…
collection). Many and wonderful are the explanations of this remarkable
…
168 f.), Dionysos with Oia-rpos (F. M. Avellino in the Giomale numismatico
1042
with one of the Kerkopes (F. Streber 'Ueber die Miinzen von Caulonia' in
…
d'Albert due de Luynes in the Nouv.
1043
cit. pp. 114, 129). However that may be, the nav\6s in the hand of the god or
…
Wissowa Real-Enc. vi. 498 f. Fig. 892 is a fresh drawing made from the cast
…
thymiaterion before her. But the chief interest of the design lies in the little
…
'A<ppo8'iTT]s Kara Tlavaavlav (sc. the lexicographer Pausanias rather than a slip for
1044
to ovs Xeyeiv, k.t.X. See further O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 3198 f. The
…
of early imperial date found by R. F. Kinch near the north angle of the temple
…
niker ' Die Metopen der Nordostecke des Parthenon' in the Jahresh. d. oest.
…
2832, 2835), especially as represented on the fine red-figured oinochoe from Vulci
…
' The Painter of the Epinetron from Eretria in Athens')), Eros is already so far
1045
Tanagra, formerly in the Barre collection (no. 449), now in the Louvre, with his
…
Psyche (L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St. Pet. 1877 pp. 53—219, M. Collignon
…
kindred conceptions of the soul. Finally, we may discover here one ground at
…
graved gems, and mural paintings. By way of relaxation at the end of a somewhat
…
knee (fig. 895 = Furtwangler Ant. Gemmeu i pi. 30, 31, ii. 149 a cornelian in the
1046
Bursio in 88 B.C.). A sardonyx formerly in the Poniatovvski cabinet shows
…
'Romisch'). If Eros thus usurped the position of the strongest god, a fortiori he
…
Wissowa Real-Enc. vi. 510, 513 f.). Hence Eros is arrayed in the hero's spoils
1047
Gemmen i pi. 43, 61, ii. 210). In short, Eros plants his foot upon the world
…
with bluish band). We are meant to draw the moral : omnia vincit Amor; et
…
the animal form of Psyche (fig. 901); and a flat cornelian in my own collection
1048
1899 p. 339 with col. pi. 11 opposite p. 388, H. B. Walters The Art of the Romans
…
(fig. 905 = Furtwangler Ant. Gemmen i pi. 50, 36, ii. 244, E. Gerhard in the Bull,
…
1835 ii. 3. 12 pi. 50, 628, E. Gerhard in the Bull. d. Inst. 1839 p. 107 no. 100,
1049
the most charming of all Pompeian frescoes shows a pair of lovers examining
…
more completely preserved, but less fine: it has only two Erotes in the nest.
1050
born 1913 p. 498 fig. 193 = a marble sarcophagus, found near the catacomb of
…
ii. 1. 192 f. =a marble sarcophagus from the Vatican catacomb, now under an
…
the catacomb of S. Pietro e Marcellino (Torrepignatarra) : the column which
…
or wingless, in a variety of motifs derived from classical sources (see the examples
…
1911 p. 216 fig. 130, p. 281 fig. 171). He survived in the putto of the early
…
a soul-type. If we raise the further question—Whose soul was represented by
1051
Cic. de nat. deor. 3. 44, Hyg./ad. praef. p. 9, 3 ff. Schmidt). But the later Orphic
…
was Protogonos (supra p. 1026), and Protogonos was 'Zeus the arranger of all'
…
Estense i7t Modena Modena 1883 p. 360 fig. 94, F. Cumont in the Rev. Arch.
…
shaped recess. The band is decorated with the twelve signs of the zodiac, and
…
mitted the presence of features susceptible of an Orphic interpretation. R. Eisler
…
that of the sun-god in Rhodian art, for Phanes was not only called Antauges
1053
either side of the zodiac, must be c
…
excluded from the rites of Mithras.
…
his head (J. C. Bruce The Roman
…
body emerges from the Petra gene-
…
torch), while the lion-headed god,
…
manes, the Mithraists' equivalent for
1054
o.47m wide at base), found at Ostia in 1797 by the English painter R. Fagan
…
high, 0.35111 wide) in the Uffizi at Florence : the god wears a sleeved garment;
…
(1) The Jars of Zeus Ktesios.
…
it highly probable that the reference is to the 'E^y^riKoi/ of Autokleides, not
…
fipoalav. Tj 5' dpfjpoo-Ld, v8a>p dupaitpves, 'i\cuov, irayKapiria- airep ep(3a\e. For the
…
o.47m wide at base), found at Ostia in 1797 by the English painter R. Fagan
…
high, 0.35111 wide) in the Uffizi at Florence : the god wears a sleeved garment;
…
(1) The Jars of Zeus Ktesios.
…
it highly probable that the reference is to the 'E^y^riKoi/ of Autokleides, not
…
fipoalav. Tj 5' dpfjpoo-Ld, v8a>p dupaitpves, 'i\cuov, irayKapiria- airep ep(3a\e. For the
Appendix H: Zeus Ktésios
1056
G. Kaibel cj. < Kadeo-dac ra anpa > tov KpoKiov, 'to let down the ends of the
…
the whole extract as follows : ' The right way to set up the signs of Zeus Ktesios
…
(2) The Jars of Zeus Ktesios funereal in character.
…
und die Dipylonvasen Leipzig 1905 pp. 18 ff., 45 ff.) the prbthesis-vase of the
1057
Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 1149 fig. 5, P. Wolters in the Ath. Mitth. 1891 xvi. 379
…
loc. cit. suggests olfioi (?) ; but cp. Souid. s.v. o'Lapoi ■ yvvdiices). (B) The coffin
1058
S. A. Kumanudis (Ann. d. Inst. 1864 xxxvi. 197 n. 2) transcribed the latter part
…
A. Conze's illustration is based on a copy by A. Postolakkas. The line was
1059
(3) Zeus Ktesios as Forefather buried in the House.
…
supported by the custom of burying infants less than forty days old in a sub-
…
in order to ensure their re-birth, and Frazer Golden Bough3: The Magic Art
…
Rand in the Class. Quart. 1916 x. 158 ff.) in Verg. Aen. 3. 63 Appuleius de
…
argued in Folk-Lore 1905 xvi. 296 ff. noting that the Genius of a man cor-
1060
evidently a family god of some kind, not to be confused with the Genius Iovis
…
no. 105, 25 = Dessau Inscr. Lat. sel. no. 4906, 16) who was but the Genius of an
…
conclusion based on the general similarity between the functions of the Genius
…
et omnes {idem Myth. Vat.)), etc.), who appeared in the form of a snake (Herr-
…
on which is an egg and fruit. For the snake as a manifestation of the Genius
…
Religion Giessen 1913 pp. 146 n. 3, 153 f. ; and for the egg as an offering to the
…
Similarly we may suppose without any undue temerity that in Greece the
…
literary testimony to this custom can be cited; but the assertion here made
1061
the walls of the older Mycenaean palace five small stone-built graves with
…
prehistoric times he had been the
…
Tpe(pa>vios or Tpo(pdnvios, the great
…
now in the Museum at Thebes
…
the block available for building
…
des Zeus Ktesios' in the Ath. Mitth.
1062
(4) The Jars of Zeus Ktesios compared with the Jars of the Dioskouroi.
…
and A. J. B. Wace A Catalogue of the Sparta Museum Oxford 1906 p. 191 no. 575
1063
A. Michaelis in the Arch. Zeit. 1871 xxix. 145 n. 37, Wien. Vorlegebl. iv pi. 9, 8 a,
…
p. 304 f. fig. 84). On a base to the left are statues of the Dioskouroi wearing
…
hand extended over the altar (?). Away to the right is seen a rocky coast forming
…
of dokana (supra i. 766 ff.) are set up over a cavern. In the cavern two male
1064
shore. The distance gives a very interesting view of the Anakeion {supra i. 107
…
in Tarent' in the Rom. Mitth. 1900 xv. 3—61 with 2 pis. and many figs, and by
…
F. The Dioskouroi reclining at the feast (Petersen loc. cit. p. 27 fig. 2).
…
the Rom. Mitth. 1900 xv. 41 calls them ' agonistisch' and supposes that jars
…
vessels, like the great 'Dipylon' vases (cp. supra i. 766 n. 9), set up over the
…
parallel to the pots used throughout Africa etc. for the burial of a twin or of a
1065
were retained as signs of the divinised dead long after the custom in question
…
offerings to the dead were still placed in memorial jars by a special class of
…
j3ovv XevKov (supra i. 717 n. 2), Corp. inscr. Att. iii. 2 no. 3854, if. from the
1066
eralpu) avTov 8enrva>v, k.t.X., cp. for the domestic celebration Isai. or. 8. 16 ko.\ rus
…
the sea (P. Perdrizet in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1894 xviii. 441 ff. no. 1 = Michel
…
i^odviov = F. Hiller von Gaertringen in the Inscr. Gr. ins. iii no. 248, 13 = Michel
…
temple of Aphrodite, was bidden by an oracle to do so in the precinct of Apollon
…
—-G. Cousin ' Inscriptions du temple de Zeus Panamaros ' in the Bull. Corr. Hell.
1067
gr. no. 806), in Phrygia (G. Cousin 'Inscription d'Ormelle de Phrygie' in the
…
pavTevr] ^p\r]ap6s...\. 8]eis aTToXTji^r]. I should venture to restore and read the
…
unci Paphlagohien' in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin 1888 p. 878
…
ever received a handsomer offering than that of the white ox mentioned by
…
For full apparatus criticus see A. Ludwich ad loc. The most important variants
…
Mr M. A. Bayfield, he was more disposed to admit the possibility that 'there
1068
8e idmv = €Tepos pev Kanwv, erepos 8e edcov he cited II. "J. 417 f. But the idiom
…
pol. 2. 4. 1262 a 26 f. cpovovs dKovaiovs, tovs 8e £kovo-[ovs. Moreover, the existence
…
Of the sorry store is made a very scorn :
…
(7) Zeus Ktesios compared with the Di Penates.
…
kciI 8aip.ov€s oi Kare^ovTes tovtov rbv tottov, xaiPeT€)- The description was apposite ;
…
a staff and an earthenware jar (N.B. The tabula Iliaca in three separate places
…
p. 35 pi. 1, and cp. Helbig Wandgem. Camp. p. 310 no. 1380, id. in the Bull. d.
…
with his chthonian and his phallic traits was of kindred origin ? The idea should
Appendix I: Zeus Agamémnon
1069
The evidence for the cult of Zeus 'Ayapepvcov at Sparta is as follows : Lyk.
…
For his cult at Athens the evidence is slighter : Lyk. Al. 1369 ff. wpwros pev
…
opatvvpos oiv tco AaTrepcrlcp Ait 6 Ayapepvcov, k.t.X. The cj. Aaica>viK.rjs is supported
…
With regard to the interpretation of this evidence ancient and modern views
…
"grosse Sinner'" and ib. n. 22 cites the vase inscriptions AAAME5MON and
…
Zeus. On the etymology see, however, K. Brugmann—A. Thumb Griechische
1070
venturing upon philological ground assumes that 'the two names [Zeus and
…
'vielleicht ein chthonischer Gott' had already pointed the way to a better
…
The worship of Zeus 'Apcptdpaos at Oropos is attested by Dikaiarch. 1. 6
…
worth's cj. St' ,A(pi8vSjv or else 81 'A(pl8va>v. For the manuscript's 68ov...irp6o-avTa
…
venturing upon philological ground assumes that 'the two names [Zeus and
…
'vielleicht ein chthonischer Gott' had already pointed the way to a better
…
The worship of Zeus 'Apcptdpaos at Oropos is attested by Dikaiarch. 1. 6
…
worth's cj. St' ,A(pi8vSjv or else 81 'A(pl8va>v. For the manuscript's 68ov...irp6o-avTa
Appendix J: Zeus Amphiáraos
1071
under the protection of Zeus appears from Pind. Nem. 9. 58 ff. 6 5' 'A/x0iap?;
…
As a parallel to this famous scene H. Usener in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. Akad.
…
pi. 9, figs., and for recent finds etc. F. Versace in the Ath. Milth. 1908 xxxiii.
…
Corns Attica etc. p. 115 pi. 20, 5) or even a female (U. Kohler in the Ath. Mitth.
1072
coins Amphiaraus is represented exactly in the guise of Asclepius, as a god
…
appears the head of Pan another partner in their cult (Paus. 1. 34. 3).
…
A possible doublet is "ApcpLos, brother of Adrastos and son of Merops the seer
…
Leipzig 1891 p. 65, id. Gotternamen Bonn 1896 p. 355, id. in the Sitzungsber. d.
…
most we can assert that there is a tendency (satirised in the person of 'Ap.(pldeos
…
ad toe). Thus H. Usener in the Rhein. Mus. 1898 liii. 336 f. ( = id Kleine
…
gott,' an ancient Sondergott (supra p. 13 n. 1) absorbed into the all-prevailing
Appendix K: Zeus Trephónios or Trophónios
1073
For the cult of Zeus Tpecpwvios or Tpoqbcovws at Lebadeia Rohde Psyche* i.
…
unless we may assume that a mention of Lebadeia has dropped out of the text,
…
supporting a statue of Epinike (on the back of the same base was recorded the
…
6 lepevs tov Aids tov Tpocpcovlov Tpocpcoviavos (the priest being named after his god,
…
Further, at Lebadeia—as I urged in Folk-Lore 1904 xv. 301—Zeus bore the
…
of s. ii B.C. dealing with the half-built temple on Mt St. Elias to the W. of
1074
1 ff. = M. Holleaux in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1890 xiv. 19 ff. no. 10, 27 ff. = Ditten-
…
vaeTT] in the record of an oracle delivered soon after 178 B.C.).
…
mately related to the sky-god (either by descent (schol. II. 1. 176 citing Hes.
…
the relation is moralised by Themist. or. 6 p. 79 a—B 77 8k els av6pa>-rrovs aperf
…
Personennamen2 Gottingen 1894 p. 269), and Tpecpcov by the addition of a
…
Other appellatives of Zeus with the same general significance are collected and
…
the oracular building to a Kp'ifiavos or 'baking jar,-' i.e. one of the domical earthen
1075
was even said that the oracle was delivered by a snake (schol. Aristoph. nub.
…
stone tilPKore came in and found it: the stream springing from the spot, whence
…
(Loukian. dial. ?nort. 3. 1 f.), and as such received the rites due to a god (Charax
…
for Trophonios too was swallowed by the earth at a place in Lebadeia, where
1076
But this explanation leaves unexplained the peculiar character of the Karaftdo-Lov.
…
Trophonios is said to have been succeeded at Lebadeia by St Christopher the
…
The cult of Zeus !'Ao-<\r]Tri6s at Epidauros, Hermione, and Pergamon is
…
M. Frankel in the Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 1000 Epidauros [rS(?)]os 'iofujAioj
…
rightly reject it. M. Frankel in the Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 1022 Epidauros
…
But this explanation leaves unexplained the peculiar character of the Karaftdo-Lov.
…
Trophonios is said to have been succeeded at Lebadeia by St Christopher the
…
The cult of Zeus !'Ao-<\r]Tri6s at Epidauros, Hermione, and Pergamon is
…
M. Frankel in the Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 1000 Epidauros [rS(?)]os 'iofujAioj
…
rightly reject it. M. Frankel in the Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 1022 Epidauros
Appendix L: Zeus Asklepiós
1077
le plus profond' and in the Ath. Mitth. 1899 xxiv. 385, 392 described as 'Zweig
…
o-Tecpavos rjv en tov lepov roi Alos 'Ao-kX^ttlov (for the wreath of Asklepios
1078
In art the type of Asklepios was not uninfluenced by that of Zeus. Furt-
…
by the same sculptor at Samos, but later erected by Augustus in an aedicula on
…
weiss': accordingly he traces the canonical bearded type of Asklepios to the
…
Num. Comm. Pans. ii. 93 pi. S, 15, Rasche Lex. Num. v. 183 f.), and that the
…
d'At/ienes Paris 1858 p. 331) attests the existence in the Asklepieion at Athens
…
at Olympia, was a seated figure, Kolotes paved the way for Thrasymedes of
…
cult-statue was decidedly Zeus-like in appearance—witness the silver {Brit.
1079
Num. Comm. Pans. i. 43 pi. l, 3, W. Wroth in the Num. Chron. Third Series
…
Comm. Paics. i. 43 pi. l, 4 f., J. N. Svoronos in the Journ. Intern. d'Arch. Num.
…
num.? p. 441). The god is seated to the left with his left foot advanced, holding
…
lies a dog (see H. Gaidoz 'A propos des chiens d'Epidaure' in the Rev. Arch.
…
pi. 115, 12 f., Head Hist, num.2 p. 111. The shape of the seat varies from throne
…
in the Abh. d. berl. Akad. 1845 Phil.-hist. Classe p. 353 pi. 1, 13, Brit. Mus. Cat.
…
fig. 172, p. 206 pi. 41, 4), Pergamon—perhaps after the statue of Phyromachos
…
und die Asklepiaden' in the Abh. d. berl. Akad. 1843 Phil.-hist. Classe p. 352 f.
1080
295 f., Cohen Monn. emp. ront? ii. 381 no. 1138). The same Zeus-like figure
…
' Asklepios und die Asklepiaden' in the Abh. d. berl. Akad. 1845 Phil.-hist. Classe
1082
metopes from the temple of Asklepios, carved in s. iv B.C. On his showing the
…
sceptre; his left was extended. An ample himdtion, draped over the back of
…
sandals of strap-work. Altogether he was an august and imposing figure. The
…
patient. The same humanity and affability are characteristic of Asklepios, even
…
by Commodus, has Asklepios standing, in his right hand the serpent-staff, in
…
little Telesphoros to the left and the cosmic globe to the
…
my collection. For other examples of Asklepios with the
…
snake that Asklepios came from Epidauros to Epidauros Limera on the east
…
1 f.) : the divine snake sent by Asklepios to guide his priest the son of
1083
p. 1448 n. 7). Whether the snake followed by Antinoe, daughter of Kepheus and
…
Epidauros to Rome and duly domiciled on the island in the Tiber; he arrived
…
coppers of the gens Rubria (Babelon Monn. rep. rom. ii. 406 ff. nos. 5 f. and
…
greet the snake on its arrival. The galley, whose
…
tongue that worked in the same way {ib. 12). Thus equipped Alexandros went
1084
oracles ' (ib. 26). The fame of Glykon spread to Italy and made a sensation at
…
the snake a definitely human head (M. Dumersan Description des medailles
…
562 pi. 97, 14). Amulets appear to confuse him with the Khnemu-snake (supra i.
…
1913 ii Abh.) Wien 1913P. 136 ff.). Thus an agate in the Behr collection showed
…
' Un monument du culte de Glycon ' in the Gaz. Arch. 1878 iv. 179 ff. with fig.,
…
(Uskub) and Stoboi associates the beast with the false prophet (Corp. inscr.
1085
posuit). See further F. Cumont 'Alexandre d'Abonotichos' in the Memoires de
…
'AyXcnrios (G. Dickins in the Ann. B?'it. Sch. Ath. 1904—1905 xi. 131 f. no. 1
…
(F. Halbherr in the Mon. d. Line. 1889 i. 38 ff. C, 7 AIKAAPION).
…
AlcrxXaftios in the alphabet of Megara or Corinth on the leg of an archaic
…
AlcncXcnrios in the oldest Epidaurian inscription (P. Cavvadias Fouilles
1086
Aiscolapius in an inscription found in the Tiber {Corp. inscr. Lat. vi no. 30846,
…
Aisculapius in an inscription from the Tiber-island {Corp. inscr. Lat. vi no. 12,
…
must be attached to the names 'Ao-KaXcnriabas at Iolkos (H. G. Lolling in the
…
Act Kakas, J. H. Mordtmann in the Ath. Mitth. 1885 x. 13 no. 1 near Kotiaeion
…
t]7ri6(ppaip (Bruchmann Epith. deor. p. 51, Gruppe Gr. Myth. Pel. p. 1441) of the
…
Real-Enc. vi. 186 ff.). But the first element puzzled them. They tried aaKelv
…
Eustath. in II. p. 463, 34 f.), AlyXr) the mother of Asklepios (P. Cavvadias Fouilles
1087
in the quartier juif with ish-kalbi, Thomme-chien ' (C. Clermont-Ganneau in
…
(perhaps also the bird-names dcrKaXwnas, crKoXoTra^, and the insect-name ctkoAo-
…
Schlange).' A. Fick in the Beitrdge zur kunde der indogermanischen sprachen
…
in the rock (cp. Apollod. 1. 5. 3, 2. 5. 12 : see further D'Arcy W. Thompson
…
The explanation of 'Ao-kA^io? as formerly denoting a snake is perfectly com-
…
Greeks and Romans alike regarded the soul of the dead as able to manifest itself
…
O. Waser ' Uber die aussere Erscheinung der Seele' etc. in the Archiv f. Rel.
…
loc. : Class. Rev. 1904 xviii. 83. Cp. the story told of Melampous by Apollod. 1.
1088
is more important to note that the earliest home of Asklepios was in central
…
des Asklepiosheiligtums von Trikka' in the Ath. Mitth. 1892 xvii. 195—197 and
…
Salmoneus, the very type of a would-be Zeus (supra i. 12, 318), was a king
…
av. 250. K. Wernicke in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. i. i58of. suggests that the
…
ii. 1181 f.). Ixion, king of the Thessalian Lapithai, aspired to the hand of Hera,
…
Pal. Append. 1. 225. 1 (see R. Wiinsch in the Archiv f. Rel. 1904 vii. 95 ff.);
…
'Ao-KXairibs Ka'iaap in W. R. Paton—E. L. Hicks The hiscriptions of Cos Oxford
1089
JEsculaftium and the Bollandist editors wrongly (?) comment : 'apud Cynozurim
…
Such an one might even be called Zeus TeXeto? (cp. the dedication 'A<Tn\r]7riS>i
…
deity Telesphoros, who has been the subject of much speculation (L. Schenck
…
{bardoaicullus), and boots {caligae): the upper part—head, hood, and cape—can
1090
no. 50 height without the peak 3 Danish inches, with it 4, S. B. Smith Kort
…
Overbeck Gr. Plastik^.\\ 181). The Copenhagen bronze is inscribed OMORION
…
kultes ' in the Archiv f. Rel. 1913 xvi. 137—144 argues that the boundary-stone
1091
1831 p. 182 ff. and E. Gerhard in the Ann. d. hist. 1846 xviii. pi. s, 2^.1847 xix. 327ff.
…
collection),—an excellent illustration of a mortal monarch aping the sky-god and
…
(1) Zeus Meilichios on the Kephisos.
…
' So Theseus went on and came to the Kephisos. Here he was met by men
…
the local festival of Zeus Meilichios was celebrated by the Phytalidai in their
…
1831 p. 182 ff. and E. Gerhard in the Ann. d. hist. 1846 xviii. pi. s, 2^.1847 xix. 327ff.
…
collection),—an excellent illustration of a mortal monarch aping the sky-god and
…
(1) Zeus Meilichios on the Kephisos.
…
' So Theseus went on and came to the Kephisos. Here he was met by men
…
the local festival of Zeus Meilichios was celebrated by the Phytalidai in their
Appendix M: Zeus Meilíchios
1092
entertainment, Theseus gave them charge over a sacrifice at the Oschophoria3.
…
{infra p. 1117 f.). It seems possible that this Myconian festival on Hekatombaion 7 was the
…
Phrynichos the ' Atticist' (on whom see Sir J. E. Sandys A History of Classical Scholar-
…
Robinson in the Am. fourn. Arch. 1905 ix. 302 no. 24 near Gherzeh (Karousa) Ad
1093
reference to the Phytalidai and their fig-culture ? Arguments in support of either
…
In may be urged that Zeus was notoriously sympathetic with the outcast
…
The recognition of Zeus 'E^aKeo-rrjp (Hesych. 'E£a/ce-
1094
0g \ long frames kept in the Prytaneion
…
in the direction of their acute angle
…
ycovLas). The Solonian laws were
…
grammarian attempts to identify the
1095
and that pivots at either end enabled readers to move and turn about the text (Aristo-
…
KvdiSaKas, (Scrre KLveiadai nai p,eTa<XTpecpeo-dai virb rCov CLvayivwcrKovriov). On the whole it
…
wooden amoves because he wished to represent them as the crepLva 6ep.e0\a Mkt]s (Solon
…
Harpipos, etc. (supra i. 520 n. 2, ii. 815 fig. 781). If so, the implication is that the laws
…
t6xvv d.yadrjv /cat kv8os oTr&ffcrcu (Plout. v. Sol. 3). The original form of his famous oath
…
Enc. ii. 2636, Liibker Reallex.8 pp. 153, 963 f., and the literature there cited. E. Beule
1096
and even as HikStas, himself 'the Suppliant1,'—a remarkable title depen-
…
preserved in the Museum at Teuthis (Di-
…
remarks: ' The change of the final <x of
…
LKerelav de^d/neuos rjroi /card tovs naXaiobs eiireiv 'ucerodoxos t/cerat eiaiv dXX-^Xots. For the
…
ecpoptovres (cp. Hes. o.d. 121 ff.), and is implied in the history of Barnabas and Paul
…
Lykaon (supra i. 79 n. 6. There is a reminiscence of the Homeric passage in Nikolaos
1097
Similarly the poets spoke of Zeus, not only as hikete'sios1, hikesios2, and
…
At a later stage of religious development Zeus is conceived, not as the actual t/ceV^s or
…
k.t.X. (Od. 7. 162 ff. with the sequel in line 178 ff.), and Odysseus to Polyphemos: dXX'
…
Yevr]TaL7}v xnrep aKprjv with schol. ad loc. cited supra p. 617 n. 1), the god who protects
…
peya 8' dv8po<pbvoiaLv dp-qyei, | pefe dvriiroXiriv with the whole context (Iason and Medeia,
…
defilement (cp. 77. 1. 314), while she, standing by the hearth, burns pelanoi and expiatory
1098
hiktaios (P)1, 'the god of suppliants,' but also as hiktdr2, and aphiktor3, 'the
…
(1914) with cod. M. E. Fraenkel in the Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Sprachforschung
…
5 Orph. /z. daem. 73. 2 ff. cited infra Append. M fin., cp. supra i. 504 n. 2. The title
…
6 The derivation of the word is doubtful (cjj. in A. Vanicek Griechisch-lateinisches
…
naXaitvatos (cod. D. omits the last word), Souid. s.v. TraXa/j.vatos=Thot. lex. s.v. iraXafi-
1099
appeal1/—titles which applied primarily to the sinner, secondarily to the god
…
The essence of a irpoarpoirrj was that the supplicator and the supplicated should both
…
etc. (id. ib. pp. 186 ff., 283, 296). But in any case the two parties were face to face.
1100
of Purification1.' The exact relationship of all these appellatives and the growth
…
II. p. 768, 28 ff.). But symbolism proved a ready solvent {vide the comments of
…
Dr W. Leaf A Companion to the Iliad London 1892 p. 185 can still write : 'The epithets
…
pluribus dels in commune positis Darmstadii 1885 p. 17 adopts the same view. But K.
1101
(1) The bloodguilty man, appearing (i) The soul (nr/p) of the murdered
…
(2) The suppliant or stranger is not pursue the guilty.
…
ohtiv oTr^Set)2. (3) With the progress of religion deities
…
The protective and the punitive powers of Zeus are fused
…
Praxitelis (K. L. von Urlichs cj. Pasitelis) discipuli). At Sparta—the former home of
1102
Zeus Meilichios as an angry god readily appeased by the man-slayer might
…
no. 546). The lower border of the relief bears an archaising inscription, which G. Kaibel
…
7 This can be best made out in the case of the Erinyes. The following sequence of
…
Kausche ' Mythologumena Aeschylea' in the Dissertationes philologicae Halenses Halis
…
tion would have satisfied the Greeks themselves (supra i. 11 n. 5, 31 n. 3), and in Kypros
…
leg. x Gem. | optio 7 Censoris exs | voto perhaps has reference to the death of Nero.
1103
Very different is the explanation propounded by Monsieur S. Reinach in an
…
comedian had used the phrase Ad 'EvKaaiui with a sly reference to avKa^eiv in the sense of
…
sending up a fig-tree to shelter him : the scene was laid at Sykea in Kilikia (Athen.
1104
to Zeus Meilichios may now be covered by the church of Saint Sabas1. If so2
…
which regards Zeus Meilichios as a god ' Kindly' towards the fugitive man-slayer
…
be wider before we can safely venture on an interpretation of the disputed
…
Roscher Lex. Myth. iv. 1617 connects this myth with the belief that the fig-tree was
…
the view of F. C. H. Kruse Hellas Leipzig 1826 ii. 1. 173 that the site of the altar is
…
with St Sabas the Gothic martyr (April 12), who suffered under Athanaricus in 372 a.d.
…
ii. 1. 146 ff., A. Furtwangler in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. bayr. Akad. d. Wiss. Phil.-hist.
1105
as consort of the latter1, had a separate precinct near by2, as had also on a larger
…
fourth-century relief of white stone, found near the Tsocha theatre in the Peiraieus
…
2 Ch. D. Tsountas in the 'E</>. 'Apx- 1884 p. 169 line 44, W. Judeich op. cit. p. 383 n. 9.
…
p. 436 f. pi. 70, 4, P. Foucart in-the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1883 vii. 507 ff. pi. 18 (=my
…
6 Not the priest (Foucart loc. cit.), but the husband (Svoronos loc. cit.) or son (Lowy
…
8 I. Ch. Dragatses in the 'E0. 'Apx- 1886 p. 49 f. no. 1, Farnell Cults of Gk. States
…
after Dragatses prints [KpLTo]l36\7] Ad MetAixiy. But this is inexact. The name of the de-
1106
The abundance vouchsafed by Zeus Meiltchios and the pig provided by his
…
from Phlious, Eukleides son of Kleagoras. Kleagoras was the man who painted
1107
personal belongings. Eukleides did not believe him. But when the men of
…
have sacrifice made to the god in his usual manner and declared that things
…
ische Skulptur2 Berlin 1907 p. 202, P. Foucart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1883 vii. 509
…
breadth 0-31™. I am again indebted to Miss Harrison for the photograph from which my
…
5 Svoronos Ath. Nationalmus. p. 438 pi. 70, 3 ( = my fig. 945), P. Foucart in the Bull.
…
(id. in the Journ. Intern, d''Arch. Num. 1901 iv. 503—507).
1108
Phoenician settlers, who had brought with them to the crowded port of Athens
…
1 P. Foucart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1883 vii. 511 ff., id. in Daremberg—Saglio Did.
1109
be a Grecised form of the Semitic word for 'sailor,' and Baudissin himself ib. p. 36 n. 2
…
orient. Rel. i. 398, Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 908 n. 3. A propos of the Semitic word for 'sailor'
1110
have come to Hebrew & Aramaic as a loanword from Assyrian, where the form is Malaku.'
…
F. C. Movers Die Phb'nizier Berlin 1841 i. 326 f. had already connected the words
…
may see the fusion of an original Greek with an incoming oriental god : 'une forme grec-
1111
further contends that in point of fact the Phoenicians recognised no such deity
…
Miss Harrison herself maintains that the cult of Zeus Meilichios was a case of
…
necting both the Thraco-Phrygian Zeus6 and the Graeco-Libyan Zeus7 with the
…
worship among the Semites: see e.g. S. Bochart Hierozoicon rec. E. F. C. Rosenmiiller
…
cyclopedia of Religion and Ethics Edinburgh 1908 i. 791—793. The sanctity of the serpent
…
2 R. Dussaud ' Milk, Moloch, Melqart' in the Revue de Pkistoire des religions 1904 xlix.
1112
worshipped as an anguiform soul under the euphemistic appellation of Zeus 'the
…
draos3, Zeus Troplwnios^, Zeus Asklepidsh. Moreover, from the new stand-
…
Zeus 'of the Bees' (cp. Nik. ther. 611). Whether the allusion is to the infant Zeus of Crete
…
genannt worden.' But, as Gruppe himself is aware (op. cit. p. 908 n. 2 f.), the connexion
…
at Lavancher, a village near the Mer de Glace : the little inn, which had languished under
…
Lindsay) for the sake of avoiding an evil omen. Frazer Golden Bough3: Taboo p. 392 ff.
…
trate the trope antiphrasis : see Anonymos 7repi rpbivuv 14 (C. Walz Rhetores Graeci
1113
Confining our attention to the titles of Greek divinities, we note the following cases:—
…
2. 551. 2 e-nr' 'AyecriXas for the meaningless inscr. ETTATEZIMH, Lact. div. Inst. r. 11
…
n. 3), Ei)xair??s (J. Franz in the Ann. d. Inst. 1842 xiv. 136 ff. no. 1, 24 an oracle of Klaros,
…
barth 'Neue attische Fluchtafeln ' in the Nachr. d. kb'n. Gesellsch. d. Wiss. Gbttingen Phil.-
…
Myth. iii. 2639 f-)> TloXvSeKTrjs {h. Dem. 9 with the note of E. E. Sikes ad loc, Cornut.
…
TiTjva tuju K€Kp.7]k0t(jjv, where T. Birt would read At'a for Zr/va with the citation in et. Gud.
1114
pretations. Some, narrowing its range overmuch, would see in it the description
…
p. 402 ff. fig. 26, R. Franz ' De Callistus fabula' in the Leipziger Studien ziir classischen
…
(7) The bogus snake-god of Abonou Teichos was Y\1>kwv (supra Append. L p. 1083 ff.).
…
(Cults of Gk. States iii. 137), 'in the cults of the powers of the lower world, in the worship
…
lies the efficacy of Euphemism. You call the Fairies " Kindly Ones " ; behind the conscious
1115
telic marble, found in an ancient well of this locality, has the upper part of its
…
The grouping of the god with Ge, if not also the discovery of his boundary-stone
…
1 S. Reinach ' Le sanctuaire d'Athena et de Zeus Meilichios a Athenes' in the Bnll.
1117
smaller scale than the god himself. The moulding above bears traces of fifth-
…
trefoil oinochoe in his right hand, the caduceus in his left. Herakles, equipped
…
But it is probable that both do so. The former bears a general resemblance to
…
2 to ! \ L" HHAI = \s> SeTva a.v~\edt)Kev Ncu[y All]. The lettering is hardly later
…
ein Votivrelief aus Megara' in the Abh. d. gott. Gesellsch. d. Wiss. Phil.-hist. Classe 1875
1118
of the reservoirs above-mentioned must be located1 that sanctuary of the Nymphs
…
p. 292), id. in the JlpaKT. dp%. er. 1893 p. 123.
1119
terranean springs. Pliny, or his authority, was probably1 thinking of the site,
…
Nationalmus. pi. 130, 3 (no. 1781)) of s. iv or iii B.C. found in one of the numerous tombs
…
3 A. N. Skias in the TLpaKT. dpx- er. 1893 p. 130 ff. pi. A with inset ( = my fig. 950).
…
to the Christian church on the Ilissos-'island' (see R. Rangabe in the Bull. d. Inst. 1850
…
fecisset agonem edidit bibliothecamque miri operis instruxit). The real site of the temple of
1120
grander lines : it met at Athens and included all the Greek states, not merely those
…
[vabv HaveXK^viov Albs e(p[ibpvaaro (sc. 'Abpiavbs)]), but also himself assumed the title
…
Hefiaarbv '0\vfx\iriov Tlav eW-qv iov veov YlvBiov, G. Radet in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1887 xi.
1121
With his cult on the Ilissos I would connect both a local myth and a local
…
and, in view of his surpassing deeds, transferred to him the honours due to Zeus
…
dyLovoderrjs tuiv /ueydXcov HaveWr/vluv). It would even seem that at Athens the god Hadrian
…
The foundation of the llaveWr)viov in 131 A.D. (P. Cavvadias Fouilles d''Epidaure Athenes
…
dywvoOerris tQv /jieydXwv HaveWr/vluv) known as the IlaveXXrivia (Corp. inscr. Att. iii. 1
…
Gr. sept, i no. 49, 7 Megara HaveWrjvia \ iv 'Adr)vais, E. L. Hicks The Collection of
…
J. R. S. Sterrett in Papers of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens Boston
…
dyuvodeTrjs twv fxeyd\wv HaveWrjviijjv) implies that the contest was organised also as
…
the epheboi, who began their course in Boedromion, must have ended it in Metageitnion :
1122
not to destroy him utterly, Zeus granted the request. He came into the home
…
all the birds, and granting him to guard the sacred sceptre and to draw near to
…
From what source Antoninus Liberalis, a compiler of the second century A.D.
…
typical) poses as Zeus and is consequently punished by the real Zeus. This
…
3 H. Usener in the Rhein. Mus. 1868 xxiii. 357 ( — id. Kieine Schriften Leipzig—Berlin
…
8 H. Usener in the Rhein. Mus. 1868 xxiii. 357 ( = id. Kieine Schriften Leipzig—
1123
daughter of Hypseus and became by her the father of Antion and the grand-
…
inter alia that Perithoidai, a deme of the tribe Oineis (A. Milchhofer in Pauly—Wissowa
…
5 The commonly received opinion that the Achaeans were an Aeolian people is
1124
corr. ~NavwXlip)- ' Zed wavalXvwe (P. Wolters in the Ath. Mitth. 1903 xxxviii. 197 notes a
…
' It is clear that our passage was a stock instance with the grammarians, and that all the
…
A kratir or stdmnos of Apulian ware from Fasano, now in the British Museum (Brit.
…
Literary allusions to the third bowl of Zeus 'Zojrrjp will be found e.g. in Pind. Isthm.
…
The chthonian character of the god is well brought out by Aischylos. In supp/. 24 ff.
1125
drink for the soul of a dead man. As such it was duplicated by the cup of
…
In Ag. 1385 ff. Klytaimestra describes the third and fatal blow dealt by her hand : rat
…
On the whole it seems probable that the Agathos Daimon or ' Good Spirit' was
…
and associated with his usual partner, Agathe Tyche (L. Stephani in the Compte-
…
a horn in his left (G. Kdrte in the Ath. Mitth.
…
the contention of J. Neuhaeuser De Graecorum
1126
i-n-'iKK-qcnv ravrriv Aids TeK/iaipoiro elvai. Others besides Pausanias took the Agathos Theos
…
a fillet, rev. the bearded god standing withphidle and comu copiae (B. Pick in the Jahrb.
…
in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. Inst. 1898 xiii. 157 ff. pi. 10,
…
fig. 954 I add the reverse of an unpublished copper of Antoninus Pius in my collection):
1127
cp. also a cameo plaque of blue glass now in the British Museum {Brit. Mus. Marbles iii
…
at Rome includes 'the statues of Bonus Eventus and Bona Fortuna on the Capitol.'
…
io(36Xa fcoa with the addition in cod. A eKeXevae 5e 6 'AXi^avSpos reus cpvXa^c tQv olkwv
…
belt and upon the crown of his head) eis be tov 8paKovra to \ bvop.a tov ' Ayadov Aaip.ovos,
…
<i>oivLKes 8e aiVo (sc. the snake) 'Ayadbv Aaipova KaXovaLV. bp,oiws Kai AiyvirTioi Kvrjcp
1128
billon coins there with the reverse type of a serpent enfolding
…
contorniate medal shows him as the v<?os 'AiroWwv, vios Aibvvaos
…
him. The usual compendium g here appears on Nero's face, the P encircling his
…
Chougafa Munich 1901 pi. 1). Another rock-cut tomb, known locally as 'the grave of
…
bearing phidle and cornu copiae to the right and a female figure bearing oinochde and cornu
…
Sarapis or Plouton) and Agathe Tyche (M. Buiard in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1907 xxxi.
…
Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 131 fig. 173)- A small relief of s. iii A.D. in the Palazzo
…
romano' in the Bull. Comm. Arch. Comun. di Roma 1910 xxxviii. 150—160 fig. 1
1129
had their counterpart in another Greek custom. ' Food that fell from the tables,'
…
But she must cry: ' For the Corinthian guest1 !'
…
1. 10. Cp. also the 'AyadoSaL/xouiaTai (Hesych. s.v.) or 'Ayado5aifj.ovia.aTai (Aristot. eth.
…
p. 272 f. no. 1173, C. Watzinger in the Ath. Mitth. 1901 xxvi. 74 no. 17 fig., P. Wolters
…
black ware with relief-decoration and the inscription H ZTY+- HZ = ['Ayad]?is Tvxvs
…
(Eur. frag. 664 Nauck2). The Euripidean passage is parodied by Kratin. fab. inc. frag.
1130
Secondly, the buried chieftain was Epopsios because he kept an eye on
…
The adjective eirb-fyios is used in this sense by Soph. Phil. 1040f. dXX', co warpiia 777
…
irpbeppwv I debs (pvKdaaoL /c.r.X., Ag. 1578 b of the gods in general (paiyv dv tjSt? vvv j3pOTU)v
…
KaPe'/Aio-Ta or the like), croi 8e Orfpiuv | iJ/3/hs re /cat Siktj fxiXei, Soph. El. 174 f. eri /xeyas
…
7 A stone pillar (height i'o™, breadth o"23m), found on the site of Itanos {Erimopoli)
…
avio-TTjae (nrfXas Kai rds tov ijXiov Tpoirds KaTeypdxpaTo. The rosette or star, which figures
1131
to win Lamia1 owes something to popular confusion with the title Epopsios'1.
…
\e-yerai... With this allusion* to the hoopoe O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 2566
…
384, followed by many scholars, attributed the fragment to Sophokles' Tereus: see A. C.
…
ti2 ffvvOifxaTi, Kpe'iTTov ^arat Kal ?rt p.v7)ixovLKu>Tepov Troiei... The sequel deals with a yet
…
London 1883 ii. 681 f., C. Swainson The Folk Lore and Provincial Names of British
…
Ail. de nat. an. 10. 16, 16. 5) looks like a parallel to the tale of Periphas, but is perhaps
1132
was supposed, as I have elsewhere contended2, that, when the divine king died,
…
Thus the soul of Agamemnon, for instance, became an eagle3; and the sceptre
…
4 //. 2. 100 ff. (Hephaistos made the sceptre for Zeus, from whom it passed successively
…
■wefj.fj.dTwv ir\ripr)s. The worship of sceptre or spear was characteristic of a primitive age:
…
Examples of the cult are collected by De Visser De Gr. diis non ref. spec. hum. p. 90 f.
1133
to the king as weather-maker, and the eagle on it was no mere decoration1
…
the eagle in relation to the sceptre (cp. supra i. 127 fig. 96, 128 f. pi. xii, 200 f. fig. 146,
…
iv. 59 pi. 251, 1), the woodpecker-on-post (Dion. Hal. ant.
…
bridge (J. H. Middleton The Lewis Collection of Gems and Rings
…
Flinders Petrie Tanis London 1888 ii. 2. 9, J. T. Bent 'The
…
340 s.v. 'Regalia,' ib. xxi. 385 s.v. 'Sceptre,' Folk-Lore 1906 xvii. 315, The Daily
…
{Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins The Ptolemies, Kings of Egypt p. 80 pi. 19, 2, Hunter Cat.
…
with IE to left, BSP (=120 B.C.) and ear of corn below, ib. iii. 103 pl. 70, 2) the Mace-
1134
but an actual embodiment of Zeus1, which conferred upon its holder the
…
there are denarii with the same type—Babelon op. cit.
…
a sceptre towards the emperor, who stands with a
…
Cohen ib. no. 1208 fig. shows a second brass with the
…
4 Mrs H. Jenner Christian Symbolism London 1910 p. 41 f.: 'The Eagle is chiefly
…
8 See the pedigrees in Gerhard Gr. Myth. p. 227 f. (' Lapithen und Phlegyer').
…
Kara yXGxraav nva, ws Zoinev. A. Fick in the Zeitschriftfur vergleichende Sprachforschung
…
Greece' in the Class. Rev. 1894 viii. 381 ff. and, for the bird-tribes of Greece and Italy,
1135
the sons of Stilbe by Apollon1, or by the contiguity of the Olympieion to the
…
The myth of Periphas comes to us from an age that had largely forgotten
…
beliefs. After all, Periclean Athens, democratic to the core, still had its ' king'
…
prima facie connect the Athenian king with Zeus, or Zeus with the Athenian king, will
…
nati, Tritopatreus, Eubuleus, Dionysus. This passage forms part of the Catalogue of the
…
W. Bobeth De indicibus deorum Leipzig 1904 thinks that the Catalogue was first drafted
1136
their attendants the sacred peplos and two cushioned diphroi. Of these diphroi
…
to put on immortality in the shape of Athena's peplos^. This done, the 'king'
…
4 If it be objected that the (3aai\evs had no right to masquerade in the costume of
…
represented as her Tyche holding the infant Ploutos (so Furtwangler Masterpieces of Gk.
1137
and ' queen; will take their places on the dtphroi set for them between the
…
improbable ('Aii.. .appellativisch (wie divus)') restoration of the mutilated text Corp. inscr.
…
2 It seems likely that Pheidias had already employed the same principles of com-
…
summarised by H. Hitzig—H. Blunmer ad loc. Personally, I hold that the grouping of
…
Three out of the ten eiriovv/xoi. viz. Oineus, Hippothoon, and Aias, are not mentioned in
…
In both cases alike Pheidias' design portrays a virtual apotheosis—humanity raised to the
1138
(7) The Diasia.
…
' Whether the greatest festival spoken of was in Attike or elsewhere, was a
…
'AOrjvalots, Atdcria d KaXeirai, Aids eopri) MeiXixiov /aeyiaTt], k.t.X. ' For the Athenians
…
on Loukian. Tim. 7 cj. dXA' ayva dvpaTa eirixdipia. O. Band op. cit. p. 4 regards the
…
0 In view of Kylon's connexion with Theagenes, note that the cult of Zeus at Megara
1139
It remains to determine the place, time, and character of the Diasia. O. Band1
…
which may be meant for Theokosmos' masterpiece, and a Zeus striding to the right with
…
Head Hist, num.- p. 394), in which—since the god sometimes has a base—we must
…
5 See A. N. Skias in the UpaKT. dpx- er. 1893 pi. A.
…
high antiquity and convenient proximity. It is not, however, so aptly described by the
…
was 'full' (30 days) or 'hollow' (29 days): see the discussion and tables in A. Schmidt
1140
The ritual of the Diasia is imperfectly known. Thoukydides' statement that
…
song : the victor received the loaf of the vanquished and stopped in Syracuse ; the
…
We bring you what the goddess sends,
…
Poppo on Thouk. 1. J26) a propos of the scholion iepeia- irpbfiaTa says curtly ' Immo
…
3 p. 486, 27 ft". Keil: Probus and Diomedes connect the custom with the cult of Diana
…
Spirits of Corn and Wild ii. 95 11. 2 have made full collections of the literary evidence.
…
1)), or by a terra-cotta pig (so with those from the precinct of^Demeter and Kore at Tegea
1141
Kylon's mistake suggests that already in the seventh century the Diasia was
…
Many's the time he's entertained us on perfect sacrifices, the wealthy parvenu of
…
or from that of Persephone at Tarentum (Sir A. J. Evans in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1886
1142
or Zeus Xe'nios1, but never as Zeus Meilichios—a sufficient proof that the author,
…
At the altar of this deity, who is called indifferently Zeus Swr-^p or Zeus Eevtos, the
…
the Ilissos : cp. supra p. 1118 n. 4.
…
schol. Aristoph. Lys. 601. See further H. Usener ' Milch und Honig' in the Rhein. Mus.
1143
Outside Athens the cult of Zeus Meiltchios seems to have borne a similar
…
in place of the phidle^. On others, again, struck by Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius
…
in his hands6. F. Imhoof-Blumer and P. Gardner suggest that the Zeus enthroned
…
1 Paus. 2. 20. 1 f. with Sir J. G. Frazer and H. Hitzig—H. Blumner ad loc. The
…
ii. 332 n. 1. To me it seems clear (1) that Pausanias meant the elder and more famous
…
Imhoof-Blumer and P. Gardner loc. cit., id. in the Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Peloponnesus
1144
the head of Polycleitus' statue1.' But, in view of the large number of Argive
…
From Argos to Sikyon3, as the crow flies, is less than five-and-twenty miles.
…
and H. C. Schubart, who indicated the lacuna : he is followed by Sir J. G. Frazer and
…
Tip ^aX^eta) KelaOai TavrdXov. The word xaX/ceto^, which has been much misunderstood
…
fig. 500, Forrer Realle^. p. i48f. fig. 146; the handle of another cista from Palestrina in
…
:i I pass by Epidauros, because the evidence for a cult of Zeus Meilichios in that town
…
I do not, of course, mean to imply that the Sicyonians were averse from the Zeus-types
1145
has CI KVW N Zeus standing to the left, naked, with thunder-
…
P. Gardner loc. cit. rightly see in the British Museum coin an illustration of Pans. 2. 9. 6
…
type de monument funeraire' in the Me"moires de VLnstitut National de France Academie
…
actual tombs. A rough classification of the relevant monuments according to form would
…
Eindritcke aus Griechenland Basel 1857 p. 327), that of Cestius on the via Ostiensis (A.
…
cit. i. 3. 659 f, H. Jordan ib. Berlin 1871 ii. 405 b). A pyramid of the sort is grouped
…
(c) The stepped tomb of ' Ryros' on the site of Pasargadai (C. F. M. Texier Description
…
forms the starting-point for such edifices as the lion-tomb at Knidos (Sir C. T. Newton A
1146
is to be trusted, the eponymous king Sikyon, son of Marathon son of Epopeus,
…
lished by the Society of Dilettanti London 1797 ii. 26 pis. 24—26, C. Fellows An Account
…
(d) A good specimen of the smooth-sided pyramid on plinth is the tomb of 'Zechariah'
…
Further cp. the pyramids built above the rock-cut tombs of the Maccabees at Modin
…
Perrot—Chipiez Hist, de IArt iv. 361), the three pyramids built near Jerusalem by
…
the pyramid, decorated with Argive shields, beneath which the followers of Proitos and
…
All these and other related types (cones etc.) ought to be made the subject of a thorough-
…
reaching up to heaven—an idea comparable with those of the sky-pillar [supra p. 44 ff-),
1147
but another form of metiefa, metioeis, Zeus the ' Magician1.' And Pelops too we
…
W. Immerwahr holds that the cult was of recent introduction5. But Tegea was
…
(fig. 966)n. His house, like the
…
to right, wearing fillet; rev. TETEATAN Athena handing to Kepheus the hair of the
1148
gift of a pe'plos1. Notice too that, just as the safety of Athens depended on
…
as above described. In the field are two monograms.
…
9 Sir J. G. Frazer ' The Prytaneum, the Temple of Vesta, the Vestals, Perpetual Fires'
1149
taken attempt to explain the title Kldrios, which has been better interpreted by
…
At Orchomenos in Boiotia, the great stronghold of the Aeolian Minyai3,
…
Gr. Arc. Lac. Mess, ii no. 6, 83 and 89, ii nos. 39, 40, 41, 173, 174), the names of the
…
If Zeus KXdpios was a god 'of Hearths,' his annual festival was presumably for the
…
3 On the Minyai as Aeolians see A. Fick in the Zeitschrift fitr vergleichende Sprachfor-
1150
of Zeus1 by the Danaid Hesione2 or by Hermippe daughter of Boiotos3. Alleged
…
Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 939 f. conjectures that the mother's name was 'laovbrj: but
…
5 The genealogy of Minyas is very variously given : see in primis schol. Pind. Isthvi.
…
'Ereo/c\eos yeveaXoyovai, Aiovdaios (quisl Perhaps the Rhodian, cp. schol. Pind. Pyth.
…
6 H. Schliemann Orchomenos Leipzig 1881 p. 56 fi. = id. 'Exploration of the Boeo-
…
7 H. Schliemann Orchomenos p. 58 = /^. in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1881 ii. 139 ('a slab
…
herm of white marble was found near the church of Haghios Charalambos on a small hill
1151
had served with Alexander the Great in Asia, returned home and testified their
…
Miltche'1. Since Thespios, the eponymous hero of the place, was said to have
…
Stalest and now in the Berlin collection (fig. 967)s. This monument, which
…
2 P. Foucart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1885 ix. 404 no. 15, Inscr. Gr. sept, i no.
…
0 See Sir J. G. Frazer on Paus. 9. 26. 7 and the authorities cited supra i. [78 n., 782.
…
and Themis p. 282 f. fig. 73. I am indebted to Miss Harrison for the photograph, from
1152
' When Oidipous died, his friends thought to bury him in Thebes. But the
…
there. But the inhabitants of the village, being visited with sundry misfortunes,
…
night in the sanctuary of Demeter—for they did not know the locality. When
…
the name Oidipous, 'Swell-foot,' actually denoted a snake, being a euphemistic
…
presupposes a union of Zeus with the earth-goddess.
1154
Again, the buried hero would be responsible for the growth of all living things.
…
Now mallows and asphodel were the common vegetable food of the Boeotian
…
study of the hero's myth and monuments comes to the tentative conclusion that
…
1 Heydemann Vasensamml. Neapel p. 415 f. no. 2868 pi. 7, B. Quaranta in the Real
…
from Millingen's coloured plate and Heydemann's facsimile of the inscription.
…
(Cougny Anth. Pal. Append. 2. 120). A. Boeckh in the Corp. inscr. Gr. iv no. 8429
…
that Porphyrios found the epigram in the Aristotelian piplos (see Eustath. in II. p. 285,
…
the Class. Quart. 1920 xiv. 128 f.
…
Zei)s x^ovlos?' This suggestion should not be tossed on one side till the evidence adduced
1155
thunders of Zeus Chthdnios1. When the moment of departure comes and
…
The demolition of a mosque at Larissa in Thessaly brought to light two
…
a long staff and a wreath of olive10. He had a divine doublet in Akrisias, the
…
s Ath. Mitth. 1886 xi. 336, S. Reinach in the Rev. Arch. 1887 ii. 79, id. Chroniques
…
63 lays the scene in Seriphos and makes Akrisios struck on the head, cp.fab. 273. Further
…
figured Vases in American Museums Cambridge Mass. 1918 p. 94 ('The Foundry
…
ii. 139 ff. no. 1357, F. T. Welcker in the Mon. ed. Ann. d. Inst. 1856 p. 37 f. pi. 8,
…
10 On a red-figured hydria at Boston (P. Hartwig 'Danae dans le coffre' in the Mon.
1156
Phrygian Kronos1. It seems probable, therefore, that Akrisios was the royal
…
the underworld9. Ruling out such questionable possibilities, we must yet concede
…
found at Palaiopolis in Andros12, at Arkesine in Amorgos13, and in the district of
…
'Aieplfftos from the former, Ocrisia from the latter and cp. Hesych. 'A/cpia- 17 'Ad-qva iv
…
p. 411 proposed to connect the Phrygian 'AKpiaias with Hesych. AKpiariv Kkinrpiav
…
8 A. Fick in the Beitrage ztcr kunde der indogermanischen sprachen 1906 xxx. 279 :
…
(fig.) cp. the other rock-cut inscriptions from the same locality ib. no. 1317 Ze(v)s | t[<2>]i>
…
12 E. Pernice in the Alh. Mitth. 1893 xviii. 91. no. 4 = Inscr. Gr. ins. v. 1 no. 727 on
…
and F. Hiller von Gaertringen locc. citt. regard the line after O as a mere crack.
1157
Saint Anna beyond Boundki at Chios1. A dedication to the same god has been
…
Knidos by Sir Charles Newton, is now in the British Museum5. Xenophon
…
Other Zeus-cults of the same town : ib. no. 88 on a rough altar of bluish marble
…
At Mestd, six kilometers S.E. of the capital, is a place still called Olympi, where was
…
3 A. E. Kontoleon in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 134, S. Reinach Chroniques d''Orient
…
4 F. Halbherr in the Museo Italiano di antichita classica 1890 iii. 62 r f. no. 39
…
London 1862—1863 i pi. 92 no. 40, ii. 755 (cp. 470) no. 40, R. Schoell in the Rhein. Mus.
…
ownership the altar bears a second inscription, which Schoell took to be a modified
…
with hesitation that f may be a numeral. He thinks that the name, Harpokras or the like,
1158
the great god, whom the Greeks call Zeus and the Egyptians Serapis2. The
…
It may be inferred from this passage, not only that the Alexandrines had a
…
Coppers of Alaisa, struck during Timoleon's war with the Carthaginians (340 B.C.),
…
1903 p. 175, Head Hist, num.- p. 126). Coppers of the same town, struck after c. 241 B.C.,
…
7 H. Grassmann in the Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Sprachforsckung 1867 xvi. 103,
…
p. lxvii ... IA AO[Z] I M E I AIX105! on the reverse of a copper struck by Augustus.
…
o-Tpdra, I Mi'/ca, | Xoipiva. P. Paris in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1887 xi. 345 f. no. 15 at
1159
It remains to gather up the results of our enquiry. Early Greek kings,
…
Verstorbenen" zu vergleichen.' The context rightly maintains that previous derivations
…
The word *5a<n-p.wv is perhaps related to the name Aacrt^os or Aafrfios. Adcrifios
…
of the same family, is mentioned in the bronze tabulae Heracleenses (Inscr. Gr. Sic. It.
…
Lipsiae 1905 no. 18 i, 5, 9, ii, 1, 5, 8). The /-form of this name occurs in AA£IMO£
…
schriften Gutersloh 1894 p. 2i7f.). The foregoing can hardly be separated from the definitely
…
Onomasticon ii. 568 f., R. S. Conway The Italic Dialects Cambridge 1897 ii. Index iii
1160
backward to the Golden Age when men lived 'as gods' and the soil was fruitful
…
Or now again chilling the poor man's blood.
…
tends to express itself verbally in more ways than one. The result is a succession
…
vogue of its own. Of course old centres remained more or less faithful to the old
…
5 The relation of Saip.oju to 8e6s is a thorny topic, which cannot be dismissed in a
…
7 The evidence is well presented in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 2305—2308 by that
…
backward to the Golden Age when men lived 'as gods' and the soil was fruitful
…
Or now again chilling the poor man's blood.
…
tends to express itself verbally in more ways than one. The result is a succession
…
vogue of its own. Of course old centres remained more or less faithful to the old
…
5 The relation of Saip.oju to 8e6s is a thorny topic, which cannot be dismissed in a
…
7 The evidence is well presented in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 2305—2308 by that
Appendix N: Zeus Phílios
1161
We begin with 'Athens. The priest of Zeus Philios was a personage of
…
in the archonship
…
sembles the offering of [? Arisjtoboule
…
to the Augustan age.
…
supplied to me by Miss Harrison. The
1162
banquet food was assigned 'to dead friends' and drink offered to the father of
…
honey5) at his side. On the foot of the couch sits a goddess holding in both
…
2 On communion with the dead by means of food see e.g. Frazer Golden Hough3:
…
3 An important consideration during a repast, when the mouth must be opened and
…
Inschrift' in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. bayr. Akad. d. Wiss. Phil.-hist. Classe 1897 i.
1163
of which would be eked out by means of colour. Behind the goddess stands a
…
Agathos Daimon. This being so, we should have expected Philia, the feminine
…
rod 6eov €>t\t'cu | Kal Tvxyi 'Ayadr)l tou 8eov yvvaiKl. Since the names of the three
…
Athens was drawn from the ancient clan of the Bouzygai and ^jq^TEAEI
…
pp. 543—606 ('The union of gods and men'). The statement 'that Easter falls in the
1164
partly from modern folk-song1, that the Greeks of old aspired to an actual
…
Mr Lawson might have found further support for his theory in the rich storehouse of
…
take a wife unto me; | The black earth for my wife I take, the tombstone as her mother |
…
wedding, | Hades I for my husband have, the tomb for my new mother'—from the dirge
…
pp. 1—38 and S. Reinach in the Rev. Arch. 1921 ii. 141—143.
1165
Boetticher Baumkultns pp. 445—455 begins his article on the myrtle by distinguishing
…
a life-token. Accordingly we hear of two sacred myrtles, which grew before the temple
…
These authors by no means exhaust the topic, which deserves fuller investigation. It
…
Muller) ap. schol. Soph. O. C. 681: illustrated supra i. 220 f. fig. 163, E. Liibbert in the
…
yevvwaiv coenrep i] yrj]. The poppy of Demeter (Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 1179 n- 2) was
…
heads, as well as myrtle-wreaths, played their part in the Eleusinian initiation {supra i.
…
Lastly, o-icr6p.l3pioi> or ' bergamot-mint' {mentha aquaticd) was used for the bride-
…
georg. frag. 2. 57 ap. Athen. 684 b), but on account of its aphrodisiac properties. If the
1166
rank, henceforward he can read a deeper meaning in the old-world wedding-
…
(xii. 124 Kiihn) of the other variety orav p.ev £ripbv rj, tt}s rpLrris earl rd^eusrwv tfpcuvbvTWv
…
used by initiates in the rites of Sabdzios, and from him apparently quoted by Hesych. s.v.
…
Porph. de abst. 1. 1. Probably the so-called proverb was a very ancient charm employed
…
KadevBeiv Kibbiov; the attempts of the editors to extract sense from the latter line are far
1167
Nor was this union one of merely physical fruition. The Greek was capable
…
drenched with rain4, the man in the street cried out upon 'loved Zeus.' And
…
to the Final Cause in met. 12. 7. 1072 b 3 f. Kivei 5?) <i>s ipdi/nevov, Kivovp.evov be TaXXa Kivel.
…
108. 4 (Antipatros) rj pa fxaT-qv, Tied <piXe, /3o0? iyivov. It is obvious that the phrases ZeO
…
15 Furtwangler Vasensamml. Berlin ii. 549 ff. no. 2278, C. Lenormant in the Ann. d.
…
7 Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. v. 1152—1156 record twenty-two bearers of the name.
1168
of Absolute Beauty, timeless, changeless, formless,—the beatific vision which
…
The hero-feast is an antecedent of the celestial banquet, a favourite theme in the
…
Sybel Christliche Antike Marburg 1906 i. 181—209 (the best account), C. M. Kaufmann
…
5 Aristoph. ran. 85 es p.andpwv euojxiav, cp. Plat. Phaid. 115 d. Notice the schol.
…
IloXuapxos, and the like {supra p. 1113 n. o no. (2)), it is at least possible that he bore
1169
The flashes come and go ;
…
And deepens on and up I the gates
…
to say. The title Epiteleios suggests the mystic marriage, and the stress laid on
…
Strown and the tables ready, door ajar,
…
Drink, and go home again, like Zeus the Friendly3.
1170
chthonian powers1, had a couch set for him and a table spread. The rite was
…
in the sense of a priestly head-dress or wreath, informs us that at Tusculum an
…
4 A. Furtwangler in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. bayr. Akad. d. Wiss. Phil.-hist. Classe
…
5 F. Robiou ' Recherches sur l'origine des lectisternes' in the Rev. Arch. 1867 i.
…
Ant. ii. 15—17, C. Pascal ' De lectisterniis apud Romanos' in the Rivista di filologia
…
S. Eitrem in the Class. Rev. 1921 xxxv. 20 finds an illustration of these struppi in a
…
Halle (Saale) 1921 pis. 23, 24) : ' on a mighty lectus you see on the torus not two recumb-
1171
object known as struppus was placed on the couch of Castor1. We gather, then,
…
and clothed as puppets ; for in 179 B.C., shaken by an earthquake, the wool and
…
Cp. the woollen effigies of the Lares hung up at the cross-roads during the Compitalia
…
further Frazer Golden Bough"6: Spirits of Corn and Wild ii. 94 ff-, 107 f.), if not also the
…
represented by half-length busts set on the couch. A similar bust of white marble,
…
derived from the Lucernae fictiles Musei Passerii Pisauri 1739—1751 iii pi. 51 (A. Bouche-
1172
occasion, when Seleukos was sending back to Athens the statues of Harmodios
…
specimens in my collection. The identification of the personage seen above the couch has
…
Iuno and Minerva each a sella (Val. Max. 2. 1. 2), while the magistrates and senate took
…
parallel may be found in the Corn-maiden (supra i. 397 n. 4 pi. xxviii).
…
The adjective dapalis, ' sumptuous,' is most frequently found as an epithet of cena
1173
Fowler conjectures that Iupiter himself was originally identified with the flesh,
…
A fragmentary relief of white marble, found later in the same locality, was clearly
…
1 W. Warde Fowler The Religious Experience of the Roman People London 1911
…
4. 41) a farris honore (Plin. nat. hist. 18. 14) : but the derivation of the word from ador,
…
B I. C. Dragatses in the 'E0. 'Ap%. 1885 p. 89^ no. b', Svoronos Ath. Nationalmus.
1174
are traces of a third head. The whole is enclosed by an architectural framework,
…
On the other hand, the same site yielded two reliefs representing a snake
…
As before3, we must suppose that the snake figures the soul of the divinised
…
Other reliefs, which probably derive from the same cult-centre in the Peiraieus,
…
4 This explains the otherwise inexplicable gloss of Hesych. 0tXt6s (Soping corr. cpi\ios,
1175
repeat the types in question but, having no inscribed dedication, cannot be
…
couple of children. The scene is closed by two hierodouloi—a boy carrying a
…
porting a large round basket on her head. The fact that in reliefs of this sort
…
ing the same god under all three aspects ?
1176
One1,' 'yes, by the Friendly One'V 'no, by your Friendly One and mine3.'
…
Friends in general swore by Zeus PMlios^, who came to be looked upon as the
…
95 p. 694 ov fxa tov Ofxb-yviov tov ipbv re Kal gov. We have a similar usage of the pos-
…
5 Phrynichos the 'Atticist' (c. 180A.D.) in Bekker anecd. i. 34, 14 (cited supra p. 1092
1177
was naturally included among the stock epithets of Zeus2.
…
In particular the epithets Sextos and $tXtos are often combined: Plout. v. Arat. 54
…
the chthonian powers !), schol. Eur. Andr. 603 'i'tXtof ...7) Xeiirei to Ata, Iv y <&iXiop Ata,
…
3 P. Kabbadias in the 'E<p. 'Apx- 1883 p. 31 no. 12, id. Fouilles d'Epidaure Athenes
…
k.t.X. The restoration is doubtful : see G. Kaibel and E. Cougny ad loc.).
1178
the two deities were certainly of similar origin and somewhat similar character.
…
Within the precinct of the Great Goddesses there is also a sanctuary of Aphro-
…
4 H. Brunn in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. bayr. Akad. d. Wiss. Phil.-hist. Classe 1880
1179
to us Orestes and Pylades were revered by the Scythians as Philioi Daimones\
…
' <Pi\ioi Acti/uoves.' He also mentions a bronze tablet in the Ore'sieion inscribed with the
…
5 Diod. 15. 72, Pans. 8. 27. 3ft'. Prof. J. B. Bury in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1898
…
ii. 285 fig. 201 c, C. Robert in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. Inst. 1887 ii. 245 ft'.
…
is after pi. 34 the restored view) forms a monograph on the Traianeum by H. Stiller.
…
quos ea res pertinebit. The official description ib. 13 = 5 [aywv 5evr~\epos nap' vp.elv iepos
1180
are called in another inscription the Traianeia Deiphileia1. From the double
…
men on the highest point of the hill3. When it was decided to institute the cult
…
1 E. L. Hicks The Collection of Ancient Greek Inscriptions in the British Museum
…
2155), Artemis 'EKfSarTjpia (id. ib. v. 2158). Such epithets denote a deity invoked by the
…
altered to 'E-n-ibri/xios (R. Forster in the Ath. Mitth. 1894 xix. 372 f., citing a marble block
1181
course seemed to be to maintain the old altar of ashes on the hill-top and to
…
Trajan himself more or less on a par with Zeus Philios. Thus the emperor's
…
The southern or townward face of Trajan's Arch at Beneventum, which like the
…
Benevento' in the Rom. Mitth. 1892 vii. 239—264 with cut, especially p. 251 f.,
…
p. 141 pi. 28, 12, H. Stiller in Pergamon v. 2. 53 fig. 2, H. von Fritze in the Abh. d. berl.
1182
seated god within the same temple (fig. 981)1. On the other hand, the coins
…
the reverse type on a larger scale {Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Mysia p. 148 no. 293,
1183
The cult of Zeus Philios on the mountain at Pergamon was, if I am right in
…
gotten, or at best left a mere trace 01 itself in the traditional link between
…
and the like).
1184
the Pergamenes invented an eponymous hero Pergamos1, they portrayed him
…
lay stress on the curious association of Telephos with the vine3. The most we
…
Popular enthusiasm, or policy, having thus raised the emperor to the level of
…
H]epya/.io\_v /cat ^JtXe'rat/joj' veov KT[LaTr]v]. On the hero Pergamos and his cult see further
…
3 When the Greeks sailed against Troy, they lost their way and attacked Mysia by
…
the coin), H. von Fritze loc. cit. p. 100: AVNGPTPAIANO N[c6]reP AAKI-
1185
the cunningly-worded legend : 'The emperor Nerva Traianus [Augustus] Ger-
…
Pergamon, in common with other cities of Asia Minor, frankly regarded the
…
wonderful copper piece from the Pergamene
…
Gaia on the right with a turreted crown and
…
paddle. In the field are busts of Helios and
…
publishes another specimen from the Gotha collection.
1186
to support a nude, youthful Zeus with the features of Geta, who holds a sceptre
…
behind the one corn-ears spring from the ground ; behind the other a dolphin
…
Lastly, we turn to Antiocheia on the Orontes, where the worship of Zeus
…
sort, and abominable modes of purification. He even exhibited before the
…
On the one hand, the Antiochenes had always been devoted to the worship
…
4 In 304 a.d. he did to death S. Theodotos and the Seven Virgins of Ankyra (Acta
…
eiredeiKvvTo. Cp. the loose translation of Rufin. hist. eccl. 9. 3 apud Antiochiam simula-
1187
visited lone and, when a storm burst so that the river Orontes, then called
…
As to the title 'Ettlkclpttlos, my friend Mr G. F. Hill in the
…
saeculorum'—a most ingenious explanation of the alternatives "A\5o? and 'A\8ti/xlos.
…
2 Io. Malal. chron. 8 p. 199 Dindorf says of Seleukos i Nikator after the foundation
…
4 With Zeus Botticuos cp. Zeus Buttlos of Bairrta, a village on the Orontes (Io. Malal.
…
1 ff.), it is possible that Zeus Botticuos was ultimately of Cretan origin. The story of the
1188
' The whole thing was ordained of God. Forty furlongs from this city of ours
…
companion and favourite bird and despatched him to the altar. He flew down
…
century chronicle a Greek abridgment (not to mention the fuller Slavonic
…
were overlaid with beaten gold13. Tiberius either completed or restored the
…
irokei iepbp /j,eya Aibs Ka7reTu>Ai'ou. The word 'inTiaev must not be pressed.
1189
ruler's policy always to foster the cult, and on occasion to assume the role, of
…
idealised portrait-head of himself, sometimes with twin stars at the ends of his
…
hist. eccl. 5. 19 agree that the sanctuary of Apollon Acupvaios was the work of Seleukos i
…
seated on the omphaUs have obv. head of Antiochos with diadem surmounted by a star
1190
retired to Antiocheia and, in order to pay his troops, bade men enter the temple
…
stater of gold, formerly in the Montagu
1191
of unusual significance at Daphne1, not to mention the high jinks2 which earned
…
built a temple of Zeus Olympios with an adjoining portico known as the Xyston6.
…
the take-off of some resurrection-rite ?
…
drizet in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1900 xxiv. 290 f.), 12 pp. 289 f., 307 Dindorf, 16 p. 396
…
Antiquitates Antiochenae Gottingae 1839 P- ^2 ^ thinks it far more likely that the temple
…
Dionys. per. 916 quotes the dedication as ot '$r)cravTes (fyrriaavTes cod. y.) ave<TTri<xa.v deip (ev
1192
Kdsios on Mount Kasion, where Julian offered a belated hecatomb1. The
…
(fig. 996)2—sign and symbol of the Olympic sports that he held at Daphne'■>.
…
Passing from the regal to the autonomous coinage of the town, we have coins
…
meant for the Demoi of Antiocheia and Seleukeia—as obverse and Zeus en-
…
N I KATOPOZ, with ttf (A in exergue, Apollon seated on the omphalos, holding arrow
…
in the Hunter Cat. Coins iii. 141, followed by B. V. Head loc. cit., supposes that the mint
1193
large bay-wreath (fig. 998)1. In imperial times the head of Zeus sometimes
…
on a garlanded altar (fig. 1000)6, or again perched with wreath in beak on the
…
fig. 998 from a specimen of mine, which likewise shows Nike wreathing the city's title),
…
pi. 19, 11 and pi. 20, 3. The reverse shows Boule (?), in chiton and himdtion, dropping a
…
112 of the Caesarean era, reckoned from 49 b.c. : see B. Pick in the Zeitschr. f. Num.
…
5 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Galatia, etc. p. 177 pi. 22, 2 Otho: 6TOYCA (year 1 of the
…
e£oi/<n'as, \nraTos to 8'). See F. Imhoof-Blumer 'Zur griechischen Miinzkunde' in the
1194
a little touch implies that the emperor, whose bust appears on the obverse, is
…
and Nerva the aigis is reduced to a mere fringe of snakes passing over the further shoulder.
…
Augustis nostris), no. 634 Thessalonike Herculi Augusto | Iovius ............. (the
…
A gold medallion of Diocletian and Maximianus, formerly in the Cabinet de Francer
…
bronze medallion, in the Vatican, has obv. iovi diocletiano avg A similar bust of
…
repeat the reverse type, but show the emperor as Iupiter standing with thunderbolt, sceptre,
…
The title Iovius was, no doubt, suggested by the name ZJ/tfcIetianus, the origin of
1195
where she dwelt, he inherited the appellation of Docles or Diodes, which, after his assump-
…
Bekker)), Ato/cA^a [id. ib. 35 (iii. 162 Bekker)) in consequence of the conjecture that
…
Iovio j Maximiano | ordo Sol., no. 8931 Alexandreia (S. de Ricci in the Comptes rendus
…
sources a coin showing the head of Licinius with the legend iovivs licinivs avg. On
…
potin, of the type described by Eckhel.
…
invict. avg. et caes. Laureate busts of the two Licinii supporting between them a
…
inscr. Gr.2 no. 420, 22 ff. ( = G. Deschamps and G. Cousin in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1888
…
caes A bust of the emperor, laureate and armed, holding sceptre and mappa (Cohen
1196
struck perhaps by the fact that, so far as names were concerned, Iovius
…
the harm he did to Christians. On the strength of the xdanon2 that he had set
…
roughly retouched). Another, with the same legend, had for obverse type the bare head
…
with bay-wreath and toga, stands holding Victoria on a globe: to the right is a burning
…
2 For the implications of this term see now an excellent paper by Miss F. M. Bennett
1197
Again, Libanios the Antiochene, when petitioning Theodosios to protect the
…
Antiocheia was a city where Christians and pagans jostled each other in the
…
purifications6 savoured somewhat of Sabdzios, it must be remembered that the
…
3 The most careful and thorough-going monograph on Antiocheia in general is still
…
8 Mr C. L. Woolley in The Times Literary Supplement for July 10, 1924 p. 436
1198
ened danger. The treasure trove, at first divided among the finders and widely
…
situated south of Aleppo, on the Aleppo-Horns railway, about a hundred miles from
…
a group of three antiquity dealers at Aleppo____ I derive my information from the dealers
…
1 In 341 A.D., when the 'Golden' Basilica of Antioch, begun by Constantine the
1199
thick sheet of silver, the rim of which has been bent outwards over itself and
…
towards him raising the right arm with a gesture of salutation. On the reverse
…
of his followers, who raise their arms as before. Most of the ten, if not all5, hold
…
I am indebted to Dr Eisen for sending me his three articles in the New Era
…
1 G. A. Eisen 1'he Great Chalice of Aiitioch p. 7: 'over his head soars the Holy
1200
rolls in their hands. Two (nos. 12 and 9 on fig. 1008) show the right arm wound
…
(s. vi a.d.) landatio S. Barnabae Apost. 1. 13 in the Acta Sanctorum edd. Bolland.
…
ttjs fxa/capias Ma/was, Severus Bishop of El-Eschmounein in Upper Egypt History of the
1202
To determine the date of the chalice is a task of primary importance. Sound
…
Now the outer shell or container is essentially an ovoid bowl, without
…
stem, and small foot1. But silver shekels and half-shekels dating from the First
…
amulet. Again, if 10 is St John, the other beardless figure (11) must be his brother,
…
Accepting the attribution of the Epistle to the Hebrews to St Barnabas, Dr Rendall points
1203
must be dated before the fatal year 79 a.d. Plate was naturally imitated in less
…
York : this, on account of its shallow spiral fluting, has been assigned to the first
…
of a date later than the first century a.d.'3
…
sentation of the Antiochene chalice with two dove-like souls gazing upon it! I see in it
…
6 We can hardly escape from this improbability by urging that the silver holder was
1204
was later, not earlier, than the shell. He argued that the inner bowl appropriate
…
The two handles also are decorated with masks. Earlier still may be placed the
…
Kouchakji in a letter to me (March 4, 1924) replies by anticipation : ' So far all the open-
…
* (a) DOMITIl.LAE I STATILIO CONIVGI, (b) SALVS | GEN • HVM. Below the foot is an
1205
gold' were carried in the pageant of Ptolemy ii Philadelphos3 ? After this it may
…
A third criterion may be sought in the style of the chalice-decoration.
…
4 Mr Pryce's arguments include the following: (a) The vine-scroll is comparable with
…
in the British Museum, has a frame of silver-gilt bronze with a somewhat schematised
…
7 E.g. L. von Sybel Christliche Antike Marburg 1909 ii figs. 45 (sarcophagus in the
…
8 Sir Martin Conway in The Burlington Magazine for Sept. 1924 (xlv. io6ff.)
1206
branches1, on the other hand, the vine-scroll in the Catacomb of Praetextatus,
…
but appear to be idealistic rather than realistic figures. The head of the latter
…
scale6. But if we might assume (a somewhat doubtful assumption) that the
…
faces and there is a glint of light on plastic eyes. Realism returns with the third
…
pi. 19, 1. The vine spreads over the vaulted roof in the oldest portion of the catacomb.
…
5 G. A. Eisen in the New Era Magazine for June 1920 p. 416, id. The Great Chalice
…
6 Whether this individualisation was in any degree due to tooling or retouching of the
1207
Saints to right and left of him. As on the chalice, they occupy high chairs with
…
Archdologie Paderborn 1913 p. 623 fig. 253, 7. On the vestments lettered j£ and J see
…
G In The Cambridge Review 1923—1924 xlv. 254.
1208
Christ above the eagle (no. i) and much of the adjoining space are due {vide
…
recall that Tertullian, writing between 217 and 222 a.d., mentions chalices of the
…
It is a curious coincidence, if nothing more, that the Phoenician Ba'al-hamman is
…
Messrs Kouchakji (March 15, 1924), says : 'An original photograph taken before the
…
6 The seated Shepherd in the mausoleum of Galla Placidia ' is clothed in imperial
Addenda
1211
ii. i n. 4. The: painted marble tablet from Tarragona, though accepted as genuine by
…
ii. 32. The relief of Zeus KparaL/BaTrji is now figured by Svoronos Ath. Nationalnms.
…
ii. 44. Platon's comparison of the Galaxy with ' the undergirders of triremes' perhaps
1212
Amenti (Hades): all mankind that is shall come to the place of judgment. But ye upon
…
ii. 45 n. r. After repeated inspection of the marble (in the spring of 1922) and
…
ii. 51 n. 5. Mr B. Dickins has sent me the following notes in criticism (Oct. 8, 1920)
…
(b) Stephens, No. 9, taken from Cott. Dom. A. 9, the writer or copyist of which was.
…
and name of as z and aer respectively. This is a pretty faithful copy of the A.S. 28
…
Later a more drastic attempt is made to harmonize the Latin alphabet, the English
1213
in O.H.G. it was necessary to find a fresh symbol. Now was the last letter of the
…
Put shortly, the association of the character | with the name of the god Ziu appears
…
ii. 57 n. 4. Recent articles on 'Jupiter-columns' are listed by W. Deonna in the Rev.
…
Frage der Juppitergigantensiiulen ' in the Rbmisch-germanisches -Korrespondenzblatt 1912
…
ii. 86. On the group from Luxeuil see now E. Esperandieu in the Rev. Arch. 1917
…
ii. 90. Mr C. D. Bicknell notes a second example—British Museum: A Guide to the
…
ii. 93 ff. The Column of Mayence continues to provoke discussion. To the biblio-
…
(reviewed by K. Wigand in the Rbmisch-germanisches Korrespondenzblatt 1915 viii. 47 f.),
…
Nerosdule des Samus und Severus Leipzig 1919 pp. 1—32 with 2 figs. (' Nachtrag' to the
…
Of points made since my section on the subject [supra p. 93 ff.) was written the most
1214
drums of the column have hitherto been incorrectly placed. Kessler observed that in its
…
Quilling now maintains that the entire monument refers to its dedicators, the Canabarii.
…
B. Pick in the Zeitschr.f. Num. 1890 xvii. 180ff.).
…
ii. 106 n. 2. Add R. Traquair and A. J. B. Wace 'The Base of the Obelisk of
…
plains the name 'EXacpbcrriKros (Lys. or. 13. 19 Qebtcpirov rbv rod 'EXa^oari'/crou nakovfievov)
1215
1903 lxii. 125—132 (reported in the Am. Journ. Arch. 1903 vii. 4775.).
…
ii. 131 n. 1. W. B. McDaniel ' The Holiness of the Dischi Sacri' in the Am. Journ.
…
de' Liguori Glories of Mary (extr. from The Christian Remembrancer Oct. 1855) London
…
turbam secum agrestem coadunans civitati improvisus advenit. The upshot was un-
1216
nomination and consecration of Germanus to the episcopal throne of Auxerre in the room
…
attenuated, Christianised, form a Gallic parallel to the cult of Diana Nemorensis.
…
all repeat the same type, derived—according to Courby—from a statue of Arsinoe ii with
…
ii. 174. In the Rev. Arch. 1920 i. 172 C. Picard attempts to discredit the omphalos
…
ii. 176 n. 1. On Themis at Delphoi see also F. Courby in the Foitilles de Delphes ii.
…
In the hymn composed by Aristonoos of Corinth and inscribed on the Athenian
…
ypdp.pi.aTa Ae\c/>t/cd' in Philologies 1900 lix. 21—41 labours to prove that the mystic eZ is
…
ii. 190 n. o. Further references for the history of rliytd are given by F. W. von
…
ii. 195 n. 1. A. Furtwangler 'Zum plataischen Weihgeschenk in Delphi' in the
1217
inelvov Te\evT?}s. We have here, apparently, Themis on the Delphic tripod impregnated
…
ii. 229 n. 7. Zeus as Artemis wooing Kallisto is the subject of a painting by
…
on the Name Sabazios :—
…
There seems to be another possible etymology for the first part of the compound. The
…
ii. 285 n. o no. (3). The relief from Philadelpheia (Ala-Shehir) in Lydia, hitherto
1218
a kratir, set on the ground, about which two snakes are twined, apparently drinking out
…
Egypt 1916 pp. 151 —162 draws attention to the existing African custom of treasuring in
…
Mnemosyne 1921 xlix. 286—294 (summarised by S. Reinach in the Rev. Arch. :g2i ii.
…
ii. 345 n. 6. On the survival of this formula into the middle ages see some interesting
1219
ii. 386. The petasos as a sky-symbol possibly meets us again on the tomb of Porsenna
…
see Quatremere de Quincy and the Due de Luynes in the Ann. d. Inst. 1829 i. 304—309,
…
ii. 388 n. 4. Janiform busts of Zeus and Hermes are implied by the word Atep/mt
…
ii. 397 11. o. R. B. Onians in the Class. Rev. 1924 xxxviii. 5 takes Zeus 'HAa/care^s
…
ii. 465. For horned female deer see L. P. Hatch ' A Doe with Horns' in The American
…
ii. 482. For the Milky Way conceived as a tree cp. W. Gundel Sterne und Steru-
…
says : ' The kiskanu is not a common plant, and is rarely, if ever, used in the medical
…
hardly be a very special tree, since it is to be found at the mouth of the rivers.'
…
on the trunk of a bay-tree, holding a
…
ii. 493. I am indebted to Mr B. F. C. Atkinson for the following important com-
…
the unvoiced stops were lenes, that is, pronounced without force, and the voiced stops
1220
transliteration from one language into the other ^(7) and k(n), d (5) and t(r), b (H) and
…
ii. 496 n. o. On Zeus Ilep^eperas or Qepcpeperas as worshipped by the Phrouroi
…
ii. 498 n. 2 : 'Has it been noticed etc.?' The answer is, Yes. See Campbell Bonner
…
the other side, an interesting paper by Mr J. Whatmough ' Inscribed fragments of stags-
…
in the Archiv f. Rel. 1922 xxi. gi n. 2 interprets the problematic object between the
…
ii. 583. E. W. Fay in the Class. Quart. 1917 xi. 215 derives Hor-eiddpuv from *7roTt-,
…
come to hand. The British Museum has acquired an imperial
…
the whole relief, a facsimile of its inscription (which he
1221
ii. 625 n. 3. Mr A. J. B. Wace, lecturing to the Classical Society at Cambridge on
…
double axe, which rises from the centre of a
…
by the British Museum. The main difference
…
yap 6 weXeKvs, and accordingly proposed to call the goddess Kybele (id. in the Journ.
…
ending in the forepart of a lioness, found in a ' Middle Minoan iii' vase at Mallia (Coinptes
…
observed that the haft of every axe is sur-
…
nica in the Fiihrer durch das K. K. Staats-
…
in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1925 xlv. 53 ff.
…
were an ivory fibula of ' spectacle'-type and two bronze pendants of the Hallstatt period.
1222
Zeus ' in the Class. Rev. 1922 xxxvi. 110—112.
…
this statue as it stands in the Galleria dei Candelabri of the Vatican, with a bow restored
…
in the National Museum at Athens (no. 14984. Height o-i65m; with base, o-i88m.
…
Hut. de la Sculpt, gr. i. 318). But that is definitely to reject the testimony of Paus. 4.
1223
served specimen formerly in the Mavrocordato collection (J. N. Svoronos in the Journ.
…
example from the same dies, as I am informed by Mr C. T. Seltman, was in the collection
…
his left wrist. Height 3f inches. Careful work of the Hellenistic age.
…
figured Vases in American Museums Cambridge Mass. 1918 p. 38 ('in the style of the
…
lately come to light. I am indebted to Mr C. T. Seltman for the casts from which my
1224
illustration of it (fig. 1022) is drawn. The obverse is irom the same die as that of fig. 701 ;
…
instead of an eagle in his right hand (B. V. Head in the Num. Chron. New Series 1880
…
during May and June the leaves of the giglio (iris fiorentina) are hung up outside the
1225
ii. 798. Mrs A. Strong 'Treasure from Vatican Rubbish ' in The Illustrated London
…
found by W. Amelung in magazzini of the Vatican, a neo-Attic relief of s. i a.d., which
…
found in the Tomba del Tridente at Vetulonia and is figured by Milani Stud, e mat. a'i
…
seen a terra cotta of the same questionable sort on sale at Naples. He describes it as
…
ii. 805 n. 6. For recent discussion of the three-bodied monster see A. Bruckner in the
…
in the Rev. Arch. 1913 i. 340 ff. adds two from the village Golemo-Selo in the district
…
an inscription from the village Chatrovo in the district Dupnitza Au Z3e[\];<Toi;p5a; | rui
1226
ii. 823. J. Whatmough ' The Tijw'/ae-dedications from S. Maria di Capua' in the Class.
…
ii. 873 n. 2. Cp. Zeus Kapaos of Akarnania (K. A. Rhomaios in the'Ap%. AeXr. 1918
…
Schrader Reallex!1 ii. 245 compares Zeus QaXaxpos with the ancient Roman Divus
…
ii. 897 n. 5. Mr C. W. Blegen has kindly furnished me (Aug. 16, 1924) with the
…
from the Geometric Period; and some of them bear incised inscriptions. The material is
…
Since no trace of a building has yet been discovered, it is possible that the cult
…
this cult; but it is tempting to conjecture that we have here the site of the worship of
…
285 f. and Archaeological Institute of America: \id Annual Report of the Managing
…
ii. 904 n. 1. W. Vollgraff in the Ann. Brit. Sch. Ath. 1907—1908 xiv. 225 : ' Two
1227
Homolion and states that on its akropolis (233111 above sea-level), beneath the unroofed
…
1 : 20,coo) is a special survey made by the author {supra p. 906 n. o).
…
(pp. 237—252). The main conclusions reached by the author are as follows. The temple
…
ii. 920 n. o. C. Picard in 1923 reconstructed from remains of sculpture in the
…
ii. 922 n. o. See now Rubensohn 'Das Delion von Paros' in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch.
…
ii. 929 n. o. W. Aly Der kretische Apollonkult Leipzig 1908 p. 47 n. 4 regards the
…
quotes from two Lydian inscriptions the four following phrases :
1228
lie observes : 1 Hyde was the ancient, or one of the ancient names, of Sardis (->trab.
…
Tzetzes ad loc), so one could probably have mentioned Hudans without the additional
…
form, and it certainly suggests the Greek termination Zap5i-ae6s, or -yjvbs. Or perhaps
…
' Zu den lydischen Inschriften' in the Skrifter utgifna af Kungl. Humanistiska Veten-
…
equates PXdilns with ' AtrbXXwv {-Xd- = -XX-, cp. Carian"TcrcrwASos = KWwXAos in the last-
…
on the point (Dec. 27, 1924), sees no objection.
…
the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1896 xx. 398 f. = Dittenberger Orient. Gr. inscr. set. no. 28 small
…
(2) J. Keil—A. v. Premerstein ' Bericht uber eine dritte Reise in Lydien ' in the
…
taining in late Hellenistic script (s. i or ii (?) b.c.) the regulations of an oTkos, or private
1229
solemn prayer to Zeus "Surrip (vv. 60—64). The first and last portions are as follows :
…
(3) J. Keil 'Denkmaler des Meter-Kultes' in the Jahresh. d. oesl. arch. Inst. 1915
…
elderly god (Zeus), whose hand held a sceptre. On the left margin of the relief is a small
…
ii. 1059 on burial in the house. See further H. J. Rose The Roman Questions of
…
ii. 1089. G. Seure ' T E A£I<bO POX-TI AEXTTOPOS: ' in the Rev. Et. Gr. 1918
…
ii. 1101 n. 3. F. Hiller von Gaertringen in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin
…
ii. 1 r 18. G. Welter 'Das Olympieion in Athen ' in the Ath. Mitth. 1922 (published
1230
with the great Ionic temples of eastern Greece—the Artemision at Ephesos (ic>9*2omx
…
drums of poros show a lower diameter of 2-42m and enable us to conclude that the height
…
(Hdt. 5. 36); and Hipparchos was at one time under the influence of Onomakritos
…
ii. 1143 fig. 964. A specimen in the British Museum (fig. 1024
Index I: Persons – Places – Festivals
1233
The contents of each item are arranged, as far as possible, under the
…
In the Genealogies f. = father, m. = mother, s. =son,d. =daughter, b. ^brother,
…
Abruzzo, Kyklops in folk-tale from the
…
Epithet: 'Lord of the Island' (sc.
1235
nike 1127o Khodes the town 9250
…
9 6 94 castrated by the gods 9694
…
the gods 9700 Bhea 9700
…
970,, 9710 Zeus and the Magna
…
Agyieus, the Hyperborean 169
1237
Kouretes 968! Alexander the Great adopted by Zeus
…
Akrai in Sicily Celts of the Adriatic 55 reverts to
1238
Genealogy: m. of the nymphs Adras-
…
Amasis, the vase-painter 7940
…
the Great 1071 Trophonios (Tre-
…
Cult: Antiocheia on the Orontes 428
1239
the Theban Dioskouroi 317 1014
…
Anien, the river-god 1016
…
Antigoneia on the Orontes
…
Antiocheia on the Maiandros
1240
Autiocheia on the Orontes (cont.)
…
Myths: founded by Alexander the
…
Apameia on the Orontes
…
Myth: birth of the first Aphrodite 1029
…
Apia (Api), the Scythian Ge 2930
1241
on the Orontes (?) 11925 Ardettos
…
the Orontes 1188 Delos 2233 249,
…
Larisa on the Caystrian Plain 958q
1242
in water from the Kydnos 570 f.
…
Priestess : the Pythia 203 ff. 238 3227
…
staios 1042 (?) arranges the limbs
…
the art of playing flute and kithdra
…
initio the twin b. of Artemis 501
1251
and the planet Ares 6940 Zeus
…
-on the column of Mayence 96
…
Basil the Great, St 116 8910
…
Battakes, priest of the Mother of the gods
…
Beda, a goddess of the Prisii
1254
Cult: Laodikeia on the Lykos 1186
…
Centaurus, the constellation 477s
…
Functions: one of the Penates 1059
1255
Functions: ferryman of the dead 6412
…
Cheleidon, eponym of the Chelidoniai
…
the cross 305o descent into Hell 305q
…
Chrysaor, the Carian hero 714 f. 720
…
Chrysor, the Phoenician Hephaistos
…
Chytroi, the festival 1139
1257
Daoi, the nomad Persians 3125
…
Daphnis the mountain-nymph 176!
…
Dea Roma See Roma, the personification
…
Deia, the festival 320q
…
and burial of the Orphic Dionysos
1258
Demoi of Antiocheia on the Orontes (?)
…
Cidts: Antiocheia on the Orontes (?)
…
Deos (Dios), the Phrygian Zeus 278 ff.
…
to people the world 971o Athens
1261
963 various scions of the imperial
…
9250 the Egyptian Herakles 12 Kore
…
- as one of the first three Dios-
…
of 3470 pillars of 423 in the nlural
…
Dios, the Thracian Zeus
…
Epithets: NCcros (hence the Hellenic
1263
Donatus as author of the scholia P.
…
the gods 281 Poseidon 281 Sarapis
…
Drakon, the river See Orontes
…
by the Danaid Polydora 486
…
34x HA of the Double Axe 5450
…
1035 flight of the gods from
1264
Rites: burial within the house 1060
…
Eleutheria, the festival 974(J (?) 11210
…
-ascends to heaven by the Milky
…
Emathia, hill at Antiocheia on the Orontes
1265
Ennius, the twelve deities of 100
…
Ephesos, personification of the town 3195
…
4873(d Ourania, the Carthaginian
…
Er, the Germanic sky-god
1266
Eridanus, the constellation 476 481 4832
…
Eros when about to create the
…
of the sky-god 3153 specialised form
1267
Erysichthon the Giant 6844
…
the Underworld 805 f. 850 Tina
…
Functions: one of the first three Dios-
…
Eukleia, the goddess 1183
…
Cults: Agathos Daimon ( = the em-
1268
Flumen, the constellation 476
…
Function : one of the Penates 1059
…
Laodikeia on the Lykos 1186
1269
- burial within the house in 1059
…
Gargaris, the district 949s
…
Gargaros, the town 9500 9510f.
…
Lachesis, Atropos, the Hekaton-
…
Gelas, the river in Sicily
1270
Function: one of the Penates 1059
…
8880(0) the Virgin 8880(o) Zeus
…
Cult: The&'Tipiffrr) 8810(2o)
1271
Gortynia, district of the Morea, Kyklops
…
Gosforth, the sculptured cross at 305o
…
Greece, burial within the house in 1060 f.
…
HA of the Double Axe
1277
766i 767o -910! winged deities 457 from the orbis annuus held by
…
-bronze rings from 1662 Hyades, the constellation 477
1279
on the Kalendae 3383 Ianuli chanted
…
Iupiter in the Salian hymn 328 ff.
…
Forum 3410 355 ff. in the plural
…
throne strown annually for the god
1281
Islands of the Blest 36 117 465
…
Isthmia, the festival 490q(5) 9510
…
Rite: burial within the house 1059
…
Ithake, coins of 706^ the cave in 42
…
Ithome, the nymph 890q
1283
tainer and sustainer of the world Associated with Fontes 3690 Fontes
…
spear 711 f. 848 thunderbolt 803 f. the Salian hymn 328 ff.
…
104! seated with thunderbolt in James, St, b. of the Lord
…
11030 (fig. 940) sending forth the ' 12020
1284
- of the Dispersion propagate the
…
-on the marriage supper of the
…
eros) conceived as rebirth of the
…
Myth: attack the tree or column or
1285
Ao%ia, Eileithyia, Acheloios, the
…
Karia, personification of the district 3200
…
Kasos, one of the Kyklades 9814
1286
Kaukasos, the giant 694n Keraunos
…
Kenaion, Mt Kerkops, the Pythagorean 1024
…
Kephisos, the river-god Kinyras
1288
Lakereia 484 bears the second As-
…
the child Zeus or Dionysos 1210
…
Tremilos (Tremiles ?) by the nymph
1290
Function: maddens the lover 11640
…
Kyrene, eponym of the town
…
Kyzikos, personification of the town
…
Labrandos, the Koures 587
…
Labryandos, the king 588
1291
Ladon, the dragon 1017
…
Laodikeia on the Lykos
…
Laodikeia, personification of the city on
…
Laodikeia on the sea
…
Lapithes, eponym of the Lapithai
1293
1031 descent to the dead 256 reared
…
Libye, the country
…
9230 Dionysos 9250 Psithyros the
…
Myth: Road of the Birds 38 462
…
Longinus, the blind soldier 3050
1295
Manes, forefather of the Lydians 311 f.
…
Marathon, the hero
…
3762 on the column of Mayence 96
…
Marys, the three 1380
1296
of the gods
…
Demeter, etc. as a form of the
…
the Sithnides 8974 11177(?)
…
of the Molossoi 11130(3)
1297
Genealogy: f. of the nymphs Adrasteia
…
Theon, Mother of the gods
…
Mother of the gods
…
Meton, the astronomer 1130;
1298
Genealogy : s. of a Satyr by the nymph
…
road of the birds 38 462 conceived
…
Milon, the physicist 11
1299
Mother of the gods
1301
Narce in the Faliscan district, celt from
…
Neda, the nymph 8906
…
Identified with Eridanus the constel-
…
Nemea, the festival 490C(5> 1226
…
Antiocheia on the Orontes 11913
1303
Oceanus, the constellation 481
…
Myths: fights the fire-demon Surtr
…
3050 rides through the hall of
…
Oitosyros (Goitosyros, Gongosyros), the
…
Identified with Eridanus the constella-
…
Olor, the constellation 477 4778
1304
Myths: Herakles and the flies 783
…
Olympia, the festival at Daphne, near
…
Olympus (?), s. of Iupiter by the nymph
…
Rite : burial within the house 1060
…
the planet Kronos 6934 6 940
1305
Orontes, personification of the river
…
Ossa the messenger of Zeus 9043
…
Ourania, the Carthaginian goddess
…
the Hekatoncheires Kottos, Gyges,
1306
Pagasos the Hyperborean 169
…
Palaxos or Spalaxos, the Koures 587
…
Genealogy: sons of Adranos (the
…
Panamoros, the Koures 587
1307
Parthenos = Virgo, the constellation 399i
…
Pegasos, the horse
…
Pegasus, the constellation 1017^ 10180
1309
by Zeus of the chthonian Dionysos
…
Perseus, the constellation 464 477§
…
Mater 9694 Mother of the gods 310 f.
1310
after the dpi-rravov of Kronos or
…
Phalakron (Phalakra, Phalakrai), the
…
Phalces, the Corallian 108 f.
1311
Associated with the twelve gods 1137]^
…
Phoibe, one of the Heliades 500n
…
1156 Mother of the gods 9700
1312
Phrygia, personification of the district
…
Phyllis, the river-god
…
Italy 6940 6950 reigns over the
…
Pinalos, eponym of the Lycian town
1313
Polybios, the Giant 713 Pontos 9750 Praisos 7310 Selinous
…
Polygnotos, the painter 1220 plunged into sea 975o sacrifice . of
…
Polyk'leitos 389., 7113 (?) 742 749 749x 893, strikes with trident the Akropolis
1315
Psithyros, the god
…
Pythia, the festival
…
Pythia, the priestess
…
Queen of the Underworld 118 1190 1192
1317
Soma, the personification of Korne
…
Function : one of the Roman Dios-
…
Festival: Feast of the Golden-reindeer-
…
Sabas, St, the Gothic martyr 11043
1319
Saron, the hunter 413 f.
…
Saron, the place-name or river-name 4140
…
Saturn, the planet 139
…
of a Satyr by the nymph Myrice
…
Scandinavia, rock-carvings of 687 the
…
Sekhem, the Great 7740
1321
Simon Magus Cults: Achilles 'Lord of the Island'
…
8830(25) Zeus Zdpaircs UH3 Slingsby and the Snapping Turtle 1151
…
Sipylos, personification of the mountain coins of 319 8730(8) in folk-tale from
…
107o underground effigies of the Kalchedonia 973!
1322
Sosias, the potter 1167
…
Spalaxos or Palaxos, the Koures 587
…
Straton, the sculptor 1079
…
Symaithos, eponym of the river Symaithos
1323
Tahiti, the Scythian Hestia 2930
…
Rite: sacrifice of asses to the Winds
…
Tarentum in the Canrpus Martius 32
…
water from the Kydnos 570 f.
1324
Taurus, the constellation 1030 664!
…
-a parallel to the story of, from
…
Terentum in the Campus Martius 32
1325
Cults: Laodikeia on the Lykos 1186
…
Thamimasadas (Thagimasada), the Scy-
…
Theodoric the Great 1071
…
Theognetos, the Thessalian 1024
1326
Laodikeia on the Lykos 8820(23)
…
the Zeus or Iupiter of Heliopolis
…
the Dispersion 889 f. sacred light
…
at Antiocheia on the Orontes 1186
1327
Rites: burial within the house 1061
…
Rite : burial within the house 1060
…
Myth : gives wings etc. to the gods
…
Identified with the planet Ares and
1328
Thyiad, the principal 242
…
Tiberis, the river-god
…
In relation to the Cretan Zeus or
…
Tloos, eponym of the Lycian town Tlos
…
2a/3afios brings the babe Dionysos
1329
Cults : Antiocheia on the Orontes 981!
…
Tritopatreus as one of the first three
…
911o Ilos founds the city where cow
…
Cults: Antiocheia on the Orontes
1332
Xenokles, the potter 785 7899
…
Xenophilos, the sculptor 1079
…
-in the plural [laves) 3430 349 354
…
Zanes, consecrated men despatched to the
…
Cult: Antiocheia on the Orontes 428
1333
Functions : herdsman 1013 one of the
…
Antandros 815 Antigoneia on the
…
the Orontes 11874 Boutbroton
…
Daphne, near Antiocheia on the
…
Antiocheia on the Orontes 1187 f.
1340
Tmolos 9572 brings the babe Diony-
…
the eagle 7524 comes from Crete to
…
one of the Sithnides 897x Thaleia
1341
and Kronos 1027 creates the world
…
the care of Delphyne 228 4490
…
create the world 316 transforms
…
round the world and ties up the
1342
of Dionysos 317 10980 f. of the
…
by one of the Sithnides 897x 11177
…
by Rhea 9410 s. and h. of the
…
the world 316 1027 crops 1065 1074
…
the one God, of whom all other
…
1023 prayers 1099 preserver of the
…
the bloodguilty 1092 ff. 1104 1112
1345
eagle beside him 1143 1230 standing chanos 9460ff. the world 1028 f.
…
2930 Agamemnon, the god (?) 1069 2590Herakles 4920(0) 1157i Herakles
…
form god 323 Chrysor, the Phoe- and Erinys 11027 Muses 8985 Nike
1346
of Dione 353 Dios, the Thraco-
…
belly of, the earth 1028 blood from
…
men called ZSi/es by the Greeks
…
emit lightning 502 ff. eyes of, the
…
girdle of, the sea 1028 of gold 1190
…
7730 11364 horns of, the Milky Way
…
Aristotle 1167 men the offspring of
…
mysteries) a name common to the
…
the messenger of 9043 sacred eels of
Index II: Subjects – Authorities
1348
The larger numerals refer to pages, the smaller numerals
…
Agape, the 'love-supper' of the early
1351
essentially the weapon of a god, not a
…
Crete, primarily the attribute of
…
847 of Constantine the Great (?) 609
…
Banner of Constantine the Great 603
1352
Base, the Chigi 1992 pi- X1i
…
Bay-leaves chewed by the Pythia and
…
Beanstalk, Jack and the 883
…
Beauty of the Land 1007 1016
1354
cut off by the d. of Gallos' concubine
…
Borne 664! sheathing of the archway of
…
538 f. golden, in the sky 117 1028 sup-
1355
twin's placenta 1064 within the house
…
Burmannus, P., the elder 13f.
…
Catalogue of the gods 11354
1356
Daphne near Antiocheia on the Orontes
…
pion?) on the Orontes 118813 of Zeus
…
on the Orontes 1188 118813 11890 of
1358
Aphrodite (Venus) on site of 984i the
…
Daimon, significance of the term 1125i
…
Day, divisions of the 74 87 89
…
animate the year's vegetation 1172
1361
1026 1033 ff. 1051 cosmic, called 'the
…
Electrum, cup of, modelled on the breast
…
Persephone (?) 1H40(5) the Devil 11127
1362
Father and Son as forms of the same deity
…
'Fig,' a prophylactic gesture known as the
…
beside the Eleusinian Kephisos 1103
1363
Flies as emissaries of a god, if not the god
…
Pheneos 11364 of the Vestal Ilia 1016
…
of Boeotians 8986 of one of the Cha-
…
buried in the house 1059 1060 f. called
…
god of the Underworld (?) 850 of
…
1183 of Antiocheia on the Oi'ontes
1367
outwards, the other in profile 536 sup-
…
of the soul 2900 2910 buried separately
…
Hearth, common, of the Arcadians 1148
1369
precinct of Elektryone 4995 of the Plain,
…
cheia on the Orontes 1188 to Ares in
…
Ianus as parent of the triumphal arch
…
Imprecations by the Theoi Skleroi 9720
1373
to Zeus 'OXv/jiTnos and the Olympians
…
Lightning as an axe 505 ff. 685 as the
…
buried on the spot 23 men struck by,
1376
Constantine the Great 604 Christian, Mowat, R. 3735
…
standard of Constantine the Great Miiller, C. 223 1320 2704 6960 9452 1023
1377
the Orontes 1186 at Eleusis 1322 2952
…
Glykon 1084 of Io (?) 9610 of the
…
Nome, divisions of the Pythian 2390
…
Nudity necessary in capture of the bird
1379
mound under which the navel-string
…
Antiocheia on the Orontes H925 on
…
cheia on the Orontes 1186
1388
as wind 1039 issues from the mouth
…
Spring, the, marriage of sky-god with
…
of the Nativity 12002 (?) of Venus
1390
the Eridanos 477 solar 6482 698
…
the term 2912 1103
…
(fipddu) 981! flourishes on the Maian-
…
at Prousa ad Olympum 9642 the oldest
1393
Apollon 201 ff. as seat of the Pytlua
…
prototype of the monument at Adam-
…
Turtle, the Snapping, and Slingsby 1151
1395
Water as gift to the dead 9770 1056 1058
…
Week, days of the 69 ff.
…
Nemesis 10950 of personification of the
…
the finest tree in modern Greece 470
Tafeln
Maßstab/Farbkeil
992 Appendix E
duly gave the horse's pile of bones to the dog and the dog's heap of straw to the
horse. Whereupon they both ate, and then began to talk. The prince related
his adventures to them. And they informed him that the old woman was the
Good Fate, blinded by the other Fates for her goodness and destined never to
recover her sight till she found somebody to love and pity her. They further
showed him a chamber containing two beautiful captive princesses, whom he was
to set free. The youth did so ; and the princesses gave him the golden wand as
his reward. He next loosed the horse and the dog by leaning the wand against
them. Then he led the princesses downstairs, placed them on the horse, and
took the dog also. But, as he was leaving the palace, the horse and the dog
said : ' Look out of the window and see all those different animals. They were
once handsome princes, who went out hunting, found this palace door open,
and stepped inside. The Drakos saw them and, sprinkling them with a liquid,
transformed them into various animals. Now touch them lightly on their backs
with the wand, and they will become as they were before.' The prince did as he
was bidden ; and the victims of the Drakos, thus restored to human shape,
embraced their deliverer and set out for their respective palaces. The prince
with the horse and the dog, after locking the Drakos' palace, returned the two
princesses to their parents. He also changed the horse and the dog into two
princes, who explained that they, in attempting to rescue the princesses of their
choice from the Drakos, had been turned into animals by him, but now begged
to become the king's sons-in-law. The king bestowed his daughters upon them,
and escorted the prince that had saved them all to the door of the princess of
whom he was enamoured. She lay dying of grief for his absence, and all the
doors of her palace were shut in token of mourning. The prince at once leant
the golden wand against each door in turn, reached the princess, and presented
her with the wand. The princess embraced him, and they were married with
music, drums, and great rejoicings.
(2) The Kyklops in a Folk-tale from Pharasa in Kappadokia1.
' In a time of old there was a priest. He went to find a goat. He went to a
village. There was another priest. He said: "Where are you going?" The
priest said : " I am going to find a goat." He said : " Let me come too, that I
also may get a goat." They rose up. They went to another village. There was
there another priest. And the three of them went to another village. They
found another priest. They took that priest also (with them). They went on.
They became seven priests. Whilst they were on their way to a village, there
was a woman. She was collecting wood. There was also a Tepekozis2. The
Tepekozis hastened (and) seized the seven priests (and) carried them to his
house. In the evening he cooked one priest. He ate him. He was fat. He ate
him. He got drunk. The six priests rose up. They heated the spit. They drove
it into the Tepekozis' eye. They blinded the Tepekozis. They went into the
1 I am indebted for this tale to the kindness of my friend Prof. R. M. Dawkins, who
took it down at Pharasa in the Antitauros district of Kappadokia (July 23-25, 191 j) from
the mouth of an urchin named Thomas Stephanou and dictated the above rendering to
me (Nov. 21, 1911). The original is in the local dialect of Greek with some admixture of
Turkish words. Text and translation in R. M. Dawkins Modern Greek in Asia Minor
Cambridge 1916 p. 550 f. no. 25 (cp. W. R. Halliday id. p. 2i7)=Sir J. G. Frazer lot.
cit. p. 438 f. no. 23.
2 Tepe means 'hill' and here, presumably, 'head.' Koz is for giiz, 'eye.' The name,
therefore, appears to be ' Head-eye' or ' Eye-in-head '—a Turkish Kyklops.
duly gave the horse's pile of bones to the dog and the dog's heap of straw to the
horse. Whereupon they both ate, and then began to talk. The prince related
his adventures to them. And they informed him that the old woman was the
Good Fate, blinded by the other Fates for her goodness and destined never to
recover her sight till she found somebody to love and pity her. They further
showed him a chamber containing two beautiful captive princesses, whom he was
to set free. The youth did so ; and the princesses gave him the golden wand as
his reward. He next loosed the horse and the dog by leaning the wand against
them. Then he led the princesses downstairs, placed them on the horse, and
took the dog also. But, as he was leaving the palace, the horse and the dog
said : ' Look out of the window and see all those different animals. They were
once handsome princes, who went out hunting, found this palace door open,
and stepped inside. The Drakos saw them and, sprinkling them with a liquid,
transformed them into various animals. Now touch them lightly on their backs
with the wand, and they will become as they were before.' The prince did as he
was bidden ; and the victims of the Drakos, thus restored to human shape,
embraced their deliverer and set out for their respective palaces. The prince
with the horse and the dog, after locking the Drakos' palace, returned the two
princesses to their parents. He also changed the horse and the dog into two
princes, who explained that they, in attempting to rescue the princesses of their
choice from the Drakos, had been turned into animals by him, but now begged
to become the king's sons-in-law. The king bestowed his daughters upon them,
and escorted the prince that had saved them all to the door of the princess of
whom he was enamoured. She lay dying of grief for his absence, and all the
doors of her palace were shut in token of mourning. The prince at once leant
the golden wand against each door in turn, reached the princess, and presented
her with the wand. The princess embraced him, and they were married with
music, drums, and great rejoicings.
(2) The Kyklops in a Folk-tale from Pharasa in Kappadokia1.
' In a time of old there was a priest. He went to find a goat. He went to a
village. There was another priest. He said: "Where are you going?" The
priest said : " I am going to find a goat." He said : " Let me come too, that I
also may get a goat." They rose up. They went to another village. There was
there another priest. And the three of them went to another village. They
found another priest. They took that priest also (with them). They went on.
They became seven priests. Whilst they were on their way to a village, there
was a woman. She was collecting wood. There was also a Tepekozis2. The
Tepekozis hastened (and) seized the seven priests (and) carried them to his
house. In the evening he cooked one priest. He ate him. He was fat. He ate
him. He got drunk. The six priests rose up. They heated the spit. They drove
it into the Tepekozis' eye. They blinded the Tepekozis. They went into the
1 I am indebted for this tale to the kindness of my friend Prof. R. M. Dawkins, who
took it down at Pharasa in the Antitauros district of Kappadokia (July 23-25, 191 j) from
the mouth of an urchin named Thomas Stephanou and dictated the above rendering to
me (Nov. 21, 1911). The original is in the local dialect of Greek with some admixture of
Turkish words. Text and translation in R. M. Dawkins Modern Greek in Asia Minor
Cambridge 1916 p. 550 f. no. 25 (cp. W. R. Halliday id. p. 2i7)=Sir J. G. Frazer lot.
cit. p. 438 f. no. 23.
2 Tepe means 'hill' and here, presumably, 'head.' Koz is for giiz, 'eye.' The name,
therefore, appears to be ' Head-eye' or ' Eye-in-head '—a Turkish Kyklops.