DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0222
io6o
Appendix H
evidently a family god of some kind, not to be confused with the Genius Iovis
(Min. Fel. Oct. 29. 5, Corp. inscr. Lat. i no. 603, 16 with tab. lith. 82 = ix no. 3513,
i6 = Orelli Inscr. Lat. sel. no. 24887?;/., cp. no. 1730, = Wilmanns Ex. inscr. Lat.
no. 105, 25 = Dessau Inscr. Lat. sel. no. 4906, 16) who was but the Genius of an
anthropomorphic Iupiter—, that the Genius was not only affiliated to Iupiter
(Fest. p. 359 a 14 f. Miiller, p. 492, 6 f. Lindsay Tages nomine, Geni films, nepos
Iovis) but actually identified with Iupiter (Aug. de civ. Dei 7. 13 cjuid est Genius?
...hie est igitur quern appellant Iovem. This, however, is a quasi-philosophical
conclusion based on the general similarity between the functions of the Genius
and those of Iupiter as conceived by Valerius Soranus in his famous couplet
{ib. 7. 9, cp. Myth. Vat. 3 prooem. p. 152, 28 ff. Bode): Iuppiter omnipotens,
regum rerumque deumque {rerum regimique repertor Myth. Vat. G. H. Bode
cj. creator) | progenitor genetrixque {genitrixque Myth. Vat.) deum, deus unus
et omnes {idem Myth. Vat.)), etc.), who appeared in the form of a snake (Herr-
mann Denkm. d. Malerei pi. 48 Text p. 59, A. Mau in the Rom. Mitth. 1896
xi. 29, id. Pompeii: its Life and Art1 trans. F. W. Kelsey New York 1902
p. 271 f. fig. 127, A. Sogliano in the Mon. d. Liitc. 1898 viii. 268, Talfourd Ely
in Archceoiogia 1897 Iv. 305 ff. a painting on the back wall of a shrine in the Casa
dei Vettii at Pompeii, which shows the Genius with patera in right hand, acerra
opened in left, and a face resembling that of Nero {supra p. 96); he stands
between two dancing Lares, each of whom bears a goaX-rhyton (cp. supra i. 108)
and a pail; beneath him a great bearded and crested snake approaches an altar,
on which is an egg and fruit. For the snake as a manifestation of the Genius
see further T. Birt in Roscher Lex. Myth. i. 1623 ff. fig., J. A. Hild in Darem-
berg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 1490 with fig. 3543, W. F. Otto in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Enc. vii. 116 if., E. Kiister Die Schlange in der griechischeu Kunst und
Religion Giessen 1913 pp. 146 n. 3, 153 f. ; and for the egg as an offering to the
dead, M. P. Nilsson Das Ei im Totenkultus der Griechen Lund 1901 pp. 3—12
figs. 1, 2 (Sonderabdruck aus Fran Filologiska Fdreningen i Lund, Sprakliga
uppsatser ii Lund 1902)).
Similarly we may suppose without any undue temerity that in Greece the
forefather of the family, once buried in the house (Plat. Minos 315 D ot S' av
(k.e'iva>v ert jrporepoi avrov kcli edarrrov iv rfj olnia tovs drrodavovTas. No Other
literary testimony to this custom can be cited; but the assertion here made
is fully borne out by actual remains. H. Bulle Orchomenos Munchen 1907
i. 67 f. shows that at Orchomenos in Boiotia during early Mycenaean times
(c. 1700—1500 B.C.) the dead were buried as a rule inside the houses, and
quotes parallels from Thorikos, Athens, and Eleusis. In the small settlement
of early Mycenaean date on the summit of Mt Velatouri at Thorikos round, or
in two cases oblong, holes were found hewn in the rock within the houses: the
round holes had certainly served as graves, for in them stood large ftithoi
the upper parts of which were safeguarded by circular walls, and in these
pithoi were remains of human bones (B. Staes in the npaxr. dpx- er. 1893 p. 15 f.
pi. B, 3, id. in the 'Ecp. 'Ap^. 1895 p. 228 ff. pi. 11, 3, Frazer Pausanias v. 524 f.,
A. J. B. Wace—M. S. Thompson Prehistoric Thessaly Cambridge 1912 p. 222).
At Athens a grave of unbaked brick, dating from the same period and con-
taining four bodies, one of them in a crouching attitude, was discovered between
'Pelasgian' house-walls on the S. slope of the Akropolis (A. N. Skias in the 'E(p.
'Apx- 1902 p. 123 ff. figs. 1—4, A. J. B. Wace—M. S. Thompson op. cit. p. 221).
In the nekropolis at Eleusis two graves of unbaked brick were found under
hearths and mistaken for small altars (A. N. Skias in the 'Ecp. 'Apx- 1898 p. 49 ff.
Appendix H
evidently a family god of some kind, not to be confused with the Genius Iovis
(Min. Fel. Oct. 29. 5, Corp. inscr. Lat. i no. 603, 16 with tab. lith. 82 = ix no. 3513,
i6 = Orelli Inscr. Lat. sel. no. 24887?;/., cp. no. 1730, = Wilmanns Ex. inscr. Lat.
no. 105, 25 = Dessau Inscr. Lat. sel. no. 4906, 16) who was but the Genius of an
anthropomorphic Iupiter—, that the Genius was not only affiliated to Iupiter
(Fest. p. 359 a 14 f. Miiller, p. 492, 6 f. Lindsay Tages nomine, Geni films, nepos
Iovis) but actually identified with Iupiter (Aug. de civ. Dei 7. 13 cjuid est Genius?
...hie est igitur quern appellant Iovem. This, however, is a quasi-philosophical
conclusion based on the general similarity between the functions of the Genius
and those of Iupiter as conceived by Valerius Soranus in his famous couplet
{ib. 7. 9, cp. Myth. Vat. 3 prooem. p. 152, 28 ff. Bode): Iuppiter omnipotens,
regum rerumque deumque {rerum regimique repertor Myth. Vat. G. H. Bode
cj. creator) | progenitor genetrixque {genitrixque Myth. Vat.) deum, deus unus
et omnes {idem Myth. Vat.)), etc.), who appeared in the form of a snake (Herr-
mann Denkm. d. Malerei pi. 48 Text p. 59, A. Mau in the Rom. Mitth. 1896
xi. 29, id. Pompeii: its Life and Art1 trans. F. W. Kelsey New York 1902
p. 271 f. fig. 127, A. Sogliano in the Mon. d. Liitc. 1898 viii. 268, Talfourd Ely
in Archceoiogia 1897 Iv. 305 ff. a painting on the back wall of a shrine in the Casa
dei Vettii at Pompeii, which shows the Genius with patera in right hand, acerra
opened in left, and a face resembling that of Nero {supra p. 96); he stands
between two dancing Lares, each of whom bears a goaX-rhyton (cp. supra i. 108)
and a pail; beneath him a great bearded and crested snake approaches an altar,
on which is an egg and fruit. For the snake as a manifestation of the Genius
see further T. Birt in Roscher Lex. Myth. i. 1623 ff. fig., J. A. Hild in Darem-
berg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 1490 with fig. 3543, W. F. Otto in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Enc. vii. 116 if., E. Kiister Die Schlange in der griechischeu Kunst und
Religion Giessen 1913 pp. 146 n. 3, 153 f. ; and for the egg as an offering to the
dead, M. P. Nilsson Das Ei im Totenkultus der Griechen Lund 1901 pp. 3—12
figs. 1, 2 (Sonderabdruck aus Fran Filologiska Fdreningen i Lund, Sprakliga
uppsatser ii Lund 1902)).
Similarly we may suppose without any undue temerity that in Greece the
forefather of the family, once buried in the house (Plat. Minos 315 D ot S' av
(k.e'iva>v ert jrporepoi avrov kcli edarrrov iv rfj olnia tovs drrodavovTas. No Other
literary testimony to this custom can be cited; but the assertion here made
is fully borne out by actual remains. H. Bulle Orchomenos Munchen 1907
i. 67 f. shows that at Orchomenos in Boiotia during early Mycenaean times
(c. 1700—1500 B.C.) the dead were buried as a rule inside the houses, and
quotes parallels from Thorikos, Athens, and Eleusis. In the small settlement
of early Mycenaean date on the summit of Mt Velatouri at Thorikos round, or
in two cases oblong, holes were found hewn in the rock within the houses: the
round holes had certainly served as graves, for in them stood large ftithoi
the upper parts of which were safeguarded by circular walls, and in these
pithoi were remains of human bones (B. Staes in the npaxr. dpx- er. 1893 p. 15 f.
pi. B, 3, id. in the 'Ecp. 'Ap^. 1895 p. 228 ff. pi. 11, 3, Frazer Pausanias v. 524 f.,
A. J. B. Wace—M. S. Thompson Prehistoric Thessaly Cambridge 1912 p. 222).
At Athens a grave of unbaked brick, dating from the same period and con-
taining four bodies, one of them in a crouching attitude, was discovered between
'Pelasgian' house-walls on the S. slope of the Akropolis (A. N. Skias in the 'E(p.
'Apx- 1902 p. 123 ff. figs. 1—4, A. J. B. Wace—M. S. Thompson op. cit. p. 221).
In the nekropolis at Eleusis two graves of unbaked brick were found under
hearths and mistaken for small altars (A. N. Skias in the 'Ecp. 'Apx- 1898 p. 49 ff.