Universitätsbibliothek HeidelbergUniversitätsbibliothek Heidelberg
Metadaten

Cook, Arthur B.
Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index — Cambridge, 1925

DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0287

DWork-Logo
Overview
Facsimile
0.5
1 cm
facsimile
Scroll
OCR fulltext
Zeus Meilichios

1125

drink for the soul of a dead man. As such it was duplicated by the cup of
unmixed wine drunk after dinner in the name of the Agathos Daimon1. Both

tl/j.01 I x^ovloi d-qnas rarexoPTes, | rat Zeus SaiT7?p rpLros, otrac/wXai? \ buLwv dvbpwv, k.t.X.
In Ag. 1385 ff. Klytaimestra describes the third and fatal blow dealt by her hand : rat
TreirruKOTi I Tp'iT7]v eTrevbifjwfu, rod Kara x@ovos \ Atos (so R. Enger for aidov codd.) veicpwv
2coT77pos evKratav x^Plvy where W. Kausche ' Mythologumena Aeschylea ' in the Disserta-
tiones philologicae Halenses Halis Saxonum 1888 ix. 179 and A. W. Verrall (ed. 1889)
adhere to the manuscript reading, but W. Headlam (trans. 1904) and U. von Wilamowitz-
Moellendorff (ed. 1914) rightly accept Atos.

1 With regard to the Agathos Daimon various opinions have been held : see E. Gerhard
Uber Wesen, Verwandtschaft und Ursprung der Ddmonen und Genien Berlin 1852
pp. 12 {., 30 ( = Abh. d. berl. Akad. 1852 Phil.-hist. Classe pp. 248 f., 266), K. Lehrs
Populdre Aufsdtze aus dem Alterthum'2 Leipzig 1875 i. 173 ff. ('Damon und Tyche'),
E. Saglio in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 131, K. Wernicke in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Enc. i. 746 f, Preller—Robert Gr. Myth. i. 541 ff., Rohde Psyche^ i. 254 n. 2,
Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 1087 n. 2, Nilsson Gr. Feste p. 401 f., Harrison Themis
p. 277 ff.

On the whole it seems probable that the Agathos Daimon or ' Good Spirit' was
originally the male ancestor of the family addressed by a euphemistic title (supra p. 1112
n. 7). As such, he was a giver of fertility and wealth, a sort of Plouton or chthonian
Zeus, equipped with a cornu copiae (Cornut. theol. 27 p. 51, ri ff. ' Ay ados be Aalpiuv...
TrpoaTCLTrjs.. .rat o~iOT7jp twv oUelwv iarl Tip au>£eiv raXais tov 15lov oXkov... to Se T77S ' ApiaXdeias
/cepas oiKeiov avrij) (popT]fJ.& ianv, iv cp d/xa iravra a\5r]crKei rd rard roiis oiicelovs ratpoi)?
(pvbfxeva, k.t.X.). An Athenian relief shows him as a bearded man carrying his horn
and associated with his usual partner, Agathe Tyche (L. Stephani in the Compte-
rendu St. Pet. 1859 p. 111, R. Schone Gi'iechische
Reliefs aus athenischen Sammlungen Leipzig
1872 p. 55 pi. 26, 109. The inscriptions run :
...t... I avedrjK... \ 'Ayados Aaft/xcojj' ['A7]a[#r?]
Tvxv) ■ cp. Brit. Mus. Marbles xi. 90 ff. pi. 47,
Brit. Mus. Cat. Sculpture iii. 232 no. 2163,
Reinach Re'p. Reliefs ii. 481 no. 5. A relief
from Thespiai represents a similar figure seated
before an altar (?) with a phidie in his right hand,
a horn in his left (G. Kdrte in the Ath. Mitth.
1878 iii. 408 no. 189, O. Kern ib. 1891 xvi. 24 f.
fig.). And another relief from Thespiai com-
pletes the likeness to Zeus by the addition of
throne, sceptre, and eagle (O. Kern in the Ath.
Mitth. 1891 xvi. 24^ fig.=my fig. 951, Harrison
Proleg. Gk. Rel.2 p. 356 f. fig. 107, infra Append.
N init. Inscribed : 'AyeaTporo[s], Tip.oKpa-
reta, | ilrw't XXeta, j 'EJci7re5o;'ira j 'Ayadol Arjp.ov[i~\
(Jnser. Gr. sept, i no. 1815)). Hence, although
the contention of J. Neuhaeuser De Graecorum
dae?nonibusparticula prior Berolini 1857 p. 10 ff.
that the word dai/iwu was in the beginning ' ipsius
summi numinis appellatio' is justly dismissed
by Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 1087 n. 2, we
can understand the reasoning of Paus. 8. 36. 5
Me7aXo7roXi'T<xts 5e 81a twv eirl to eXos 6vop,a£o-
pAvwv ttvXujv, 5td tovtcov bSevovffiv is MaivaXov
irapa tov Trorap-bv tov 'EXtcrcro^ra 'icfTi Trjs 65ov iv apiffTepq 'Aya8ov Qeou vabs' ei de dyadQv
oi deol boTripis eiaiv dvdpwwoLS. Zevs be viraros deGiv iaTiv, eirbp.evos dv rts tu \6ycp ttjv
 
Annotationen