Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

234 Hephaistos and Athena

in early days on Mosychlos, the mountain of volcanic vents1. Be
that as it may, we have in Lemnos ample evidence of the belief
that the fire which leaps up from the ground had erstwhile leapt
down from the sky. Nor in Lemnos only. For what else but this
popular conception underlay the fiery cycle of Herakleitos2, in which
'the way up and down is one and the same3'? The Stoics, influenced
as usual by Herakleitos4, identified Zeus with a single great con-
tinuous fire, which transformed itself into all the vast variety of the
visible world5. In a special sense Zeus was equated with fire in
heaven6, Hephaistos with fire on earth7; and the myth which told

Fig. 151. Fig. 152.

chiton over one shoulder; rev. H<t>AIC TI6HN a flaming torch (fig. 149). A third
shows obv. bust of Hephaistos to right, with full beard, pilos, and no chiidn; rev'
[H]4>AIC|TI6flN a flaming torch between two stars (sc. Kabeiroi or Dioskouroi) (Ani-
Miinz. Berlin Taurische Chersonesus, etc. i. 282 no. 22 fig. (=my fig. 150)). Another has
obv. bust of Hephaistos to right, with slight beard,'pilos, and chitdn over one shoulder; rev-
H*GC]T|ienN Athena, helmeted, standing to left with Nike in right hand, spear
in left (Imhoof-Blumer Gr. Miinzen p. 5 no. 2 pi. 1, 2 (=my fig. 151)). The last gives
obv. AHM|NOC bust of Lemnos to right as city-goddess, with turreted crown and
veil; rev. H<t>AI|CTI6nN a flaming torch between hammer and tongs (Imhoof-Blumei
Gr. Miinzen p. 6 no. 4 pi. 1, 3 (= my fig. 152), Weber Cat. Coins ii. 141 no. 2489 pi- 9$>'
See further Head Hist, num.'1 p. 263.

1 C. Neumann—J. Partsch Physikalische Geographie von Griechenland mit besonderef
Riicksicht auf das Alterlhum Breslau 1885 p. 314 ff., C. Fredrich in the Ath. Mitth- i9°6
xxxi. 74, 253 ff., id. in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. xii. 1928 f.

2 We have more than once found Herakleitos refining upon popular beliefs (supra i-
28 ff., 358 n. 3, ii. 12, 13 n. 1, 130 n. 7, 805 n. 6).

3 liemkl. frag. 69 Bywater, 60 Diels (cited supra ii. 130 n. 7).

4 Supra i. 29 f., ii. 855 n. 2, 856 n. 9, 858 n. 6.

5 Plout. de fac. in orb. lun. 12 6 5e Zeus rjpXv ovtos ob rfj pih avroi tpicrei xp^fie'"'l
e'cm jxiya Tvvp Kai trvvex^i "vvi 5' iHpeirai Kai K^KafnTTai Kai 5ie<rxW"-i<rT(U, ir"" XP7""1
ytyovlis koI yiyvoixevos eV rah p.eraf3o\ah; = Chrysippos frag. 1045 von Arnim.

6 Cornut. theol. 19 p. 33, 12 ff. Lang 6 p.h yap aWrip ko.1 t6 diavyis Kai KaBapbv vvp %evS
euTi, to d' h> XPW*1 K<d uepo/uyis "R^aicrros, Herakleitos t/uaest. Horn. p. 40, 9 ff' ^oC'
Philol. Bonn. d\\' eVei [ij] wvpbs obuia 5i7r\?}, Kai rb p.h aiBipiov...M rrjs d^urd-ru rod Kav