Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

488

Rain of stones

Theseus1. The vicinity of Lyra justified two other interpretations—
Thamyris at the knees of the Muses who had blinded him2, and
Orpheus slain by the women of Thrace for intruding upon the
Dionysiac rites3.

But such attempts too often involved a misconception of the old
starry schema. E. Bethe4 has done well to urge that Engonasin was
first represented on some Ionic globe of the sixth century B.C. aS
an anonymous man in the attitude of Knielauf dear to archaic art •
Hence Aratos' professed inability to expound 'the mysterious
phantom6.' Hence also the total absence of attributes both in tlie
detailed descriptions given by Aratos7, Hipparchos8, Ptolemaic^
and in the clearly cut relief that adorns the Farnese globe (fig. 3 l7) •
Since, however, the attitude of Knielauf'was frequently employ^
by early artists to express the energetic action of Herakles11, it wraS

1 Our earliest evidence for the lyre of Theseus is the kratir of Klitios and Ergotin10^'
c, 600—550 B.C. (supra i. 481 n. 9). Next in date is the fragment of Anakreon, c. 53° B'
(supra p. 485 n. o): Theseus with the lyre seems to have been an Ionian rival of the t>
known lyre-playing Herakles (Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 500 n. 1). „

2 Hyg. poet. astr. 2. 6 alii autem Thamyrim a Musis excaecatum, ut supplicem ad gen
iacentem dicunt, schol. Arat. phaen. 74 aXAoi Qa/j.vptv. .. rj

3 Hyg. poet. astr. 2. 6 alii Orphea a Thraciis mulieribus interfici, quod viderit i>
Patris initia. Supra i. 111 n. 1, ii. 121 fig. 76 with n. 3. jvj

4 E. Bethe 'Das Alter der griechischen Sternbilder' in the Khein. Mus. l9°°
426 f.

6 Supra i. 204 n. 4, 296 fig. 219, ii. 544 fig. 419, 731 fig. 663, etc. 'ssaien'
W. Deonna Dtdale Paris 1930 p. 249 'Certaines attitudes memes, qui jadis pa,a n ^
anormales, sont justifies par la chronophotographie2...et cette course "a£en0U''e* potif
l'attitude exacte du saut, le corps etant saisi au moment oil il se ramasse sur lui-wenie
franchir l'obstacle3' (id. ib. nn. 2 and 3 adds a useful bibliography).

6 Arat. phaen. 270 airevBtos a'5u>\oto.

7 Arat. phaen. 63—70. ns'at'°n

8 Hipparch. in Arati et Eudoxiphaen. comment. 1. 2. 6 Manitius with the tra
of Sir T. L. Heath Greek Astronomy London & Toronto 1932 p. 119. r jyjanitHlS

9 Ttol. syntaxis mathematica 7. 5 (ii. 52 ff. Heiberg) with the translation of K-
Leipzig 1913 p. 36 f. (tiflt c0,,i-

10 J. B. Passeri Atlas Farnesianus marmoreus insigne vetustatis monume nQn a"
mentario inlustratus Florentiae 1750, Clarac Mus. de Sculpt, v. 25 ff. pi- 793 fiS' ^? [, 6a<
Reinach Rip. Stat. i. 468 no. 1, Miiller—Wieseler Denkm. d. alt. JCunstn- 4- l-> £0Scher
S22, E. Vinet in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 527 fig. 615, A. Furtwangler in ^gS(,
Lex. Myth. i. 711 with fig. on p. 710, A. Baumeister in his Denkm. i. 224 f- are a"
a photograph), Guida del Mus. Napoli p. 169 no. 579. But these publicatW ^ ff.
eclipsed by the careful study of G. Thiele Antike Himmelsbilder Berlin 1898 PP^ ^.tf,
('Die Neapler Statue'), 27 ff. ('Der Globus des Hipparchos') with figs. 1—7 an<: 1

My fig. 317 is from Thiele's pi. 6. M inche" !9°9

11 E. Schmidt 'Der Knielauf in the Munchener archaologische Studien M-U ^ p,ate
p. 309 fig. 28, p. 312 fig. 31, p. 313 fig. 32 (Herakles attacking Centaurs ™aJ^v' dt'",s
from 01ympia(A. Furtwangler in Olympia iv. 101 no. 696 pi. 38), on a 'Rac ^ 0>
in the Louvre (O. Puchstein in the Arch. Zeit. 1881 xxxix. 219, 240 I3'" n' /5ievek'nS't
1 = Reinach Rip. Vases i. 433, 8 and 435, 6), on an Ionian amphora at Mumch ( ^ attitude
Hackl Vasensamml. Munchen i. 103 no. 836 fig. 106)). A modification 01