Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

54° Zeus Ombrios

human Zeus was not complete without at least some hint of the
aigts1.

Demetrios i, the son and successor of Euthydemos i, expanded
the kingdom of Baktria to include the Indus valley2. About 190 B.C.
he struck silver tetradrachms (fig. 3 50)3 bearing on the obverse his
own bust, on the reverse Zeus standing with thunderbolt and
sceptre. The Greek legend of the one side is translated by the
Kharoshthl legend of the other. And it is at least possible that the

Fig- 35°-

figure of Zeus the storm-god was intended as the Greek equivalent
of the ancient4 native god Indra. The reverse subject was repeat
half a century later on the silver coins of Heliokles, both those
struck in Baktria with a Greek legend and a purely Greek tyPe

1 nf CaSt)'

Atlas pi. 5, 1 (photograph of gem = my fig. 348, a: scale ^) and 2 (photograph 01 ^
Furtwangler Ant. Gemmen iii. 158 fig. 112, Lippold Gemmen pi. 3, 1 (enlarged) P'
My fig. 348, b (scale {) is from a cast by T. Cades Collezione di N" 1400 Impronit ^
migliori pietre incise, si antiche, eke moderne, ricavati dalle piit dislinte CollezioW
sciute deir Europa ima Classe, A.18). 0(

It should be added that all three cameos owe something to the ever-popular "
Alexander, especially the thick neck, the upward glance, and the leonine hair a ^
forehead. If Alexander was figured in the likeness of Zeus (supra i. 57, 279), ^eU^e Qast
borrowed an occasional trait from Alexander (see e.g. the Alexander-like Zeus in
dei Vettii (supra i. 57 n. 4)). The ancients played on the parallel (supra i. 6f>)-

1 E.g. supra ii. 811 n. 5 (Domitian?), 1194 (Nero, Uomitian, Nerva). extant
A bronze statuette in the Fouquet Collection—of which several replicas ar eating
(Reinach Rip. Slat. v. 311 no. 7, 312 nos. 1, 4, 5, 6)—shows Alexander the Great ^

=' in t"e

the/'1"'"'

126 ff. pi. 9, 1, 133 f. pi- 8, 3, C. C. Edgar ' A statue of a Hellenistic King m

Hell. Stud. 1913 xxxiii. 50—52 (Ptolemy ii Philadelphos ?) pi. 2). - Hliil'er'

2 Strab. 516, citing Apollodoros of Artemita frag. 5 (Frag. hist. Gr.iv. 3° ^gscM*
—a historian dating from the first half of s. i B.C. (W. Christ Geschichte der g> Ca0-
Lilleratur* Mlinchen 1920 ii. r. 399, 412 n. 2). See also G. Macdonald in

bridge History of India Cambridge 1922 i. 444 ff. _|. r4> ^

3 R. B. Whitehead in the Num. Chron. Fifth Series 1923 iii. 3l7f' ""'.VlA^.
C. Seltman Greek Coins London 1933 p. 234 f. pi. 56, 3 ( = my fig. 35°): ° The coia >S
ANIKHTOY I AHfiAHTP\OY = Ma/iara/asa aparajitasa \ Demetriyasa-
in the British Museum.

4 Supra i. 190 n. 3, 741 n. 4.