Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

Zeus as an ox; Zeus Olbios

617

right to left1. The Hellenistic age, tiring a little of this hackneyed

'd.id. 1866 p. 106 no. 3 remarks that the said 'Rebzweige' are laden with white fruit, not
grape-bunches, and concludes, on account of the fish in the water and the rocks on either
s>de of it, that after all Europe must be meant. G. Minervini loc. cit., followed by O. Jalm
Die Entfiihrung der Europa auf antiken Kunstwerken Wien 1870 p. 21, supposed that
the rocks in question were merely high-flung waves and quoted //. 13. 29 ^r\8oovvr\ 5i
^i\a<raa Suo-toto of a similar scene. Overbeck loc. cit. hedges. Returning to sanity, we
n°te the impression of speed given by the five dolphins hurrying in the opposite direction
to the bull, the daring though unsuccessful attempt to show the bull's legs underwater,
Europe's hand thrown up in astonishment at sight of the further shore even at the risk of
ettmg go that horn—altogether a brilliant little picture. The apple-tree need be no more
than a conventional background, though Stephani loc. cit. 1866 p. 119 may be right
ln regarding it as a substitute for a flower held in the hand: Europe was certainly a tree-
and-flower goddess (supra i. 525 ff.).

(3) A late black-figured oinochoe with trefoil mouth, now in the possession of Mr C. T.
e|tman and as yet unpublished, shows on a red panel Europe, draped, riding to right
.P- -Brit. Mus. Cat. Vases ii. 242 no. B 486). Her left hand grasps the bull's horn; her
nght hand is empty. Behind her is seen the apple-tree with white fruit. Beneath her the
sea is rendered by a wash of thinned glaze with white curved lines to indicate the waves—
an early

example of naturalism in colour (cp. supra i. 335 figs. 267, 268, where the
'ations are in thinned glaze without white contours).
& } ^ recl"ngured amphora at Petrograd (supra i. 531 fig. 405), attributed by Hoppin
r tfi Vases 288 no- 98 to Douris, by J. D. Beazley Attische Vasenmaler des
iys'"l^m ^l'^s Tubingen 1925 p. 108 no. 3 to 'Der Maler der miinchener Amphora

^"ne famous Europe-Xy'/;> at Munich (supra i. 526 n. 1 with col. pi. xxxii), on
01 alone the bull was inscribed lEVC details were gilded, and the sea was simply
jij 1°re<!~|"le result being a simultaneous appeal to our interest in mythology, our
at fe on °f splendour, and our imaginative powers. As often as the kylix was filled
gro aS'. or festival, the god and his glittering consort would be visible, an appropriate

(61 T m'dst °f a wine-dark sea-
aixQcIi red-figmed fish-plates at Petrograd (supra i. 547 with fig. 414) supply the
antj s1*ax' ^ne galloping bull and the floating Europe, with her train of fish, dolphins,
saui-s 1 powers' would all be literally submerged in the brine that formed a popular

in the'r ^ ^ar ,ne ear''est example of this arrangement is found on a 'Caeretan' hydria
'^inor °Uvre ("<pra i. 471 fig. 327), produced by a brilliant Ionic artist in some Asia
4"cient°p n ''• 550 B"C' 'Pruhl Malerd "• Zeichnung d. Gr. i. 180 f., M. H. Swindler
(2) a,nting Yale Univ. Press 1929 pp. 126, 163 fig. 256 (detail of trees, hare, etc.)).
°f ^haistc*' m °rder of semo"ty is the group that appears c. 500 b.C. on the oldest stater
s' Of this crude and dumpy coin only one specimen has been published

(W. w Fig- 4'7-

Crete'" N'""' Chr0"- Third Series l884 iv- 45 no- 1 PK 3' 6' briu must cal
Ij °n i8q0 -etc' p" 61 p1, '4- '4- J- n. Svoronos Numismatique de la Crete ancienne
d Hist ' pl" 3*' Babelon Monn. gr. rom. ii. 3. 979 f. no. 1620 pi. 255, 1,
P- 47j)- I therefore figure a second, now in my collection (fig. 417),