Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

640 Zeus as an ox; Zeus Olbios

Artemis' fawn in the foreground shows to whom that precinct belongs. Finally, in ' e
top right hand corner, partly concealed by a hill, is Pan with his pipes, a frequent adjunc
on South-Italian vases (e.g. supra i. 222 pi. xix, i. 375 fig. 287, ii. 416 with fig. 3")-

On comparing these two vases with the Palatine copy of Nikias' painting it becomes
clear that they have taken over much from the Athenian original—(a) the central n2u^
of Io herself, seated, half-draped, and with budding horns on her brow; (b) the statue
Hera on a pillar or pedestal, unsuitable to its new Egyptian context and therefore trans
formed into a more barbaric Artemis; (c) the helper Hermes on the left, who having nov
slain Argos is free to appropriate his attitude—an exchange the more pardonable becaus
that attitude had belonged to Hermes in fifth-century art (supra ii. 738 fig- 668) l°n

Fig- 437-

before it was borrowed by Argos. On this showing we shall not agree with ~oinan
loc. cit. that the statue of Hera on a pillar was a stagey addition due to the greek
copyist, nor with L. Curtius loc. cit. that Hermes (carefully inscribed, remember,
letters) was merely ' eine Zutat des Malers des zweiten Stils.' Curtius is, howev '
in contending that in other Pompeian frescoes representing Io, Argos, an tj]g
(Helbig op. cit. p. 39 f. nos. 135 and 137, Curtius op. cit. p. 263 f. figs- _i58 an ^cnU°n
figure of Io was copied or modified from the type first devised by Nikias. « cjt.
has gone further and fared worse in paintings of her arrival in Egypt (Helbig
p. 40 f. nos. 138 and 139, Curtius op. cit. p. 215 ff. figs. 127 and 129). j as an

The popularity of this seated Io may be gauged from the fact that she is oI1 a

isolated and purely decorative figure, surrounded by a fantastic floral arao 4 ^ ^e),
hydria from Basilicata now at Naples (Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Zeus p- ^„t%,
Heydemann Vasensamml. Neapel p. 443 no. 2922, O. Hofer in Roscher LeX'
279 with fig. ( = my fig. 437)).