Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

710 The birth of Athena in art

Kerch and now at Petrograd, which represents his contest with
Marsyas (fig. 525)1 and obviously borrows most of its ideas from
the eastern pediment of the Parthenon.

For Artemis we must depend on a red-figured pelike from Vulci,
now in the British Museum (fig. 526 and pi. lvi)2. This handsome
vase,attributed by Ducati3to Hermonaxand by Beazley4to a painter
akin to Hermonax, should be dated c. 460 B.C.5. Its Artemis cannot,
therefore, have been copied from the pediment, but may well, I con-
ceive, preserve for us the type adopted by Pheidias. The goddess
is seen advancing hastily from the right towards the central group:
she raises her right hand in surprise and holds a bow with her left.
This type in the course of the fifth century made its way from
painting to sculpture. For the Artemis Colonna at Berlin6—t0
mention but one out of many replicas7—gives the goddess approxi-
mately the same attitude and is regarded by Furtwangler8, Bulle ,
Kekule10, and more recently by Schroder11, as a fifth-century
creation12. L. R. Farnell13 says of her: 'The pose and action are

1 L. Stephani Ant. du Bosph. Cimm. ii. 42 ff. pi. 57, 1—4 (in colours) = Reinach
Ant. du Bosph. Cimm. p. 106 f. pi. 57, id. in the Compte-rendu St. Pit. 1862 p. I09'
A. Michaelis Die Verurtheilung des Marsyas Greifswald 1864 p. 9 ff. pi. I, 1 [=m^
fig- 52S)> Stephani Vasensamml. St. Petersburg ii. 328 ff. no. 1795, Overbeck Gr. Runst-
myth. Apollon p. 433 no. 9 Atlas pi. 24, 20.

2 To the literature cited supra p. 676 n. o (3) add Harrison Myth. Mon. Ant- Ath"
P- 433 f- fig. 39> A- H. Smith The Sculptures of the Parthenon London 1910 p. 7 fiS- 10
(= my fig. 526).

3 P. Ducati in the Pom. Mitth. 1906 xxi. 114.

4 J. D. Beazley Attische Vasenmaler des rotfgurigen St Us Tubingen 1925 p. 3°+ n0'
('Der Maler der Londoner Athenageburt. Dem Hermonax verwandt').

5 M. H. Swindler Ancient PaintingYale Univ. Press 1929 p. 192 f.

6 Ant. Skulpt. Berlin p. 30 f. no. 59 fig.

7 W. Klein Praxiteles Leipzig 1898 p. 310 n. 2 enumerates thirteen replicas. ^me^"f.
Sculpt. Vatic, i. 108 adds three more. M. N. Tod and A. J. B. Wace A Catalogue oft'
Sparta Museum Oxford 1906 p. 167 f. no. 326 fig. 47, yet another.

8 A. Furtwangler in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. Inst. 1889 iv Arch. Anz- P-
puts it towards the end of the fifth century.

9 H. Bulle in the Rom. Mitth. 1894 ix. 159 places it 'noch ins v. Jh.' .

10 R. Kekule von Stradonitz Die griechische Skulptur1 Berlin 1907 p. 133

ff. fig- say"

'Diese ist keine originale Arbeit, sondern eine spatere Nachbildung, aber sie funrt '
wahrend der ihr aufgesetzte Kopf einen oft wiederholten Typus aus dem vierten J ^
hundert wiedergibt, in die erste Hiilfte des fiinften Jahrhunderts oder wenigstens in _^
viel jiingere Zeit zuriick.... Wie sehr noch in der Artemis Colonna die altertW1^
Sinnesart und Formensprache vorwaltet, kann der Vergleich mit der sogenannten Irl- '
dem Ostgiebel des Parthenon lehren.' rI

11 B. Schroder 'Artemis Colonna' in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. I»st- ^
xxvi. 34—48 with 7 figs, concludes (p. 44) 'dass Korper und Kopf der Artemis L
zusammengehoren und als Einheit der ionischen Kunst des v. Jahrhunderts entstarn

12 For attempts to refer the 'Typus Colonna' to the fourth century see F. Stn ,
inthePom. Mitth. 1888iii. 278 and K. Wernicke in Pauly— Wissowa Real-Enc. h. 14 3

13 Farnell Cults of Gk. States ii. J44 pi. 36.