Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

Zeus Hyes

B73

the Homeric warfare in her Father's armour. And as in a conjurer's hall Zeus
and the goddess appear together in the same equipment1.'

# * * *

'To sum up, Athena's portion is the agora of the gods, where all business is
transacted. Hence she is nearest to Zeus, and, whatever be the matter in hand,
the same decision always commends itself to both. Here I suppose I ought to
stop; for my speech has returned to its starting point, nay rather has reached
Us goal. If one claimed that she was the very Power of Zeus, one would not—I
contend—be far wrong. Why then go into detail by expounding her particular
activities? Enough to say that the works of Zeus are works common to Zeus
and to Athena2.'

(i) Zeus Hfes.

The whole topic of Athena and her relation to Zeus, which has
occupied us for the last two hundred pages, has been (I am well
aware) something of a digression. It arose naturally, indeed in-
evitably, from a consideration of the Parthenon pediment, the design
of which we found3 to be based, at least in part, on the curious
ritual of the Bouphonia, an Attic equivalent for the rites of Zeus
Hyitios.

If now we rejoin the high-road and pursue the main line of our
mvestigation, we have next to ask whether there is any further
evidence for the worship of Zeus Hyetios, ' the Rainy,' in the
Greek area.

A gloss of the lexicographer Hesychios4, echoed by the
grammarian Theognostos6, explains that Hyes (perhaps better

1 Aristeid. or. 1. 10 (i. 14 Dindorf) Sokcl Si /xoi koX trpeafivTaTi) BeCiv <pvvai, ?} KOfuSi)
tlvujv evapiOp.r]Twv Kai tuiv irpJiTiijv ovtwv ev t£fj rore' ov yap av fiUwi e'Kaora 6 Zeus SieiXev,
ei /J-V irape'Spbv re Kai <rvp.fiov\ov ttjv 'Adyvav TrapeKaOitraTO. Kai ydp Tot ptbvq p.ev ttjv
Q-Lyida Si aiCjvos <popeit p.bvrj Se tois tov irarpbs ottXois els Tbv'Qp.r]piKbv -rrbXepiOV Koafxeirai'
^ b> aiiXrj ffav/MaToiroidv ana roh avrois S re Zeus Kai 17 6ebs xpVT!lt'
Id.ib. 16 (i. 27 Dindorf) ojs 5' e'nreiv ev KetpaXattp, rb -rqs 'Adtjvas p.ipos tj 6eu>v 0.70/10.
^ ou (ins. Casaubon) > irdvT iari rd Trpdyuara. ravr' apa Kai tov Aios iariv iyyvrdrw Kai
vepl Travrbs del ravrbv (v dp.(f>o"iv SoKei. Kap.ol veiraOuOat KaXbv evravBa tov. dveXr/Xv8e yap
eis Tip apxw 6 Xoyos, ptdXXov 5i 4\i/)\v6e Tpbs airb to tcrxaTov. ffxeSbv yap Svvap.tv tov
l°s elvai Xtyuv tis avTT)v ck tovtwv ovk av aaapTavot. wore tI Set lUKpoXoyeiaOai Tas ev
Mepei Tpd^eis avTijs Snjyovpevov, 67t6t' ££eari to. tov Aios Ipya Koiva tov Aios eXvai (pijaai Kai
TV 'AeVvds;

With the description of Athena as 6vvap.1v tov Aids cp. the stone at Thyateira inscribed
AlAs I Kepavvlov | Svvapus (supra ii. 808 n. o (o)).

On Sivapus as a Greek equivalent of mana see Pfister Rel. Gr. Rom. 1930 p. 108 ff.
the literature there cited. Later developments of the ' Mana-Begriff' are discussed
Jjy O. Schmitz 'Der Begriff ATNAM IS bei Paulus' in the Festgabe fiir Adolf Deissmann
JUbingen 1927 pp. 139-167-

Supra pp. 656 f., 661 f., 720, 733, 737.

Hesych. "Ti;s• Zeus opSpios. See M. Schmidt in ed.1 Id. in ed.2 prints T?js for
hs cod.

5 Theognost. can. 104 in Cramer anecd. Oxon. ii. 18, 30 "Tijs Zeus, ouplpios- vibs
"'if. "Ti;s, Zeus o/x/3pios- u!6s).