Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

88o

Zeus and the Hail

Proklos1 in his account of the Boeotian Daphnephoria states
that the bay-bearing procession used to go to the sanctuary of
Apollon Ismenios and Chaldzios. If the text be sound—and there
is no real reason to doubt it—the second appellative implies that
the Theban Apollon too was a god ' of Hail.'

But, of course, normally it was Zeus the weather-god who sent
both rain and hail2. It is not surprising, therefore, to find that in
Phrygia he was worshipped as Chaldzios Sozon, the god 'of Hail,

Fig. 716. Fig. 717.

who gives Deliverance.' A stele of white marble, found at MahiMW
Keui (Thrakia Kome) near Pandemia and now in the Museum at
Constantinople, has an inscribed relief of perhaps the first century
B.C. (fig. 716)3. A sunk panel between pilasters shows Zeus, 111

1 Proklos ap. Phot. bibl. p. 321 b 30 ff. Bekker n-apiireinrov bk tt)v Satpvycpoplav e^
'AxiXXuvos 'IoynjWou koL XaXafiou (xaXafiov Ah: yaXa^lou £~). K. Wernicke in Paul}'^
Wissowa Real-Enc. ii. 72 says 'Vielleicht die v.l. raXd£ios...voraiziehen ' and WilamoW'2
in Hermes 1899 xxxiv. 224 argues to the same effect. But in Folk-Lore 1904 xv. 41"
n. 220 I retained XaXafiov, and Nilsson Gr. Feste p. 164 n. 3 rightly protests against the
adoption of VaXa^lov from the inferior MSS. O. Jessen in Pauly—Wissowa Real-E,,c'
vii. 571 sets the clock back.

2 Eur. Tro. 78 f. (quoted supra ii. 1 n. 6), Loukian. dial. deor. 4. 2. ^

3 F. W. Hasluck in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1904 xxiv. 21—23 no. 4 fig. i, id. ii. i9°
xxyi. 29, id. Cyzicus Cambridge rgio pp. 223—225 fig. 21, 272 no. 23, Edhem Bey 10