Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits) (Cambridge, 1940)

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Cook, Arthur B.
Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits) — Cambridge, 1940

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Schmutztitel

PART II

Titelblatt

PART II

Appendix P: Floating Islands

975

griechischen LitUratur* Miinchen 1920 ii. 420 f.). Fact and fable are so blended … 4- 370). The poet, anxious to eliminate incredible marvels (supra ii. 989), has

976

Myrleia: see G. Wentzel in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. ii. 1629) ap. schol.

977

Griechische und albanesische Mdrchen Leipzig 1864 ii. 46 in a Greek tale from … cut off a piece of her dress that was caught by the closing cleft, ib. ii. 280 f. in … contains many springs; he is guided to the right one by a bee, ib. ii. 283 f. in a … raven, who brings it to him in a gourd, ib. ii. 194 f. in another tale from Zagori … the Gott. Gel. Am. 1871 ii. 1403 f. no. (S) = id. Kleinere Schriften Weimar 1898

978

Sir J. G. Frazer in his ed. of Apollodoros London—New York 1921 ii. 355—358

980

Wieseler Denkm. d. alt. Kunst ii. 20 pi. 3, 40= Miiller—Wieseler—Wernicke

981

Reliefs i. 115, 190 no. 1, ii. 232 no. 3, iii. 231 no. 2, 370 no. 2, 4S9 no. 2. I add

982

Denkm. i. 87 pi. 9, io = Amelung Sculpt. Vatic, ii. 277 f. no. 97 a pi. 24=Reinach … i. 603 f. fig. 475, ii. 186 figs. 129 f. See also F. Cumont in the Revue de Phistoire … Parisiis 1695 ii. 101 fig., 151 fig., Eckhel Doctr. num. vet? iii. 389, Stevenson—

983

(supra ii. 981 n. 1). If Hypsouranios invented huts made of reeds, grasses, and … we have here a genuine echo of Phoenician cosmogony (supra ii. 1036 ff.), we … Weltcnmantelund'Himmelszelt Miinchen 1910 ii. 576 n. 5 asserts with confidence:

984

i?i Od. p. 1644, 54 f., cp. Arrian. frag. 73 {Frag. hist. Gr. iii. 599 f. Miiller) ap.

985

Enc. ii. 1398, Gruppe Gr. Myth. Pel. p. 813 n. 2). An inscription found there

986

Inselti des dgdischen Mecres Stuttgart—Tubingen 1843 ii. 137 n. 12 '®ic gcgeubc … in an Isiac hymn of J. i B.C. found in Andros (Lebas—Foucart Pe'loponnese ii

987

ourais viroo-Tpa<p(vt(s ol Bopfadai rjvtjavTO tco Ail Xafielv auras. k.t.X. (cp. supra ii. … rives cod.) ovra> KaXouvrai, Theophr. hist. pi. 4. II. I KaXovai fie tov pev loj(0p6v

989

°"K 018' o7rci>s noTe wapal)o£o\oyovi>T(S pdWov fj iiXr;#eVOVTfS = Eustath. in II. … CP- W. Christ Geschichtc der griechischeu LitUratur6 ii. 1. 420 n. 5), in Lydia … But cp. II. 2. 865 vl( TaXaipivfos, ra Tvyair] tckc Xi'/xvi), where TaXatplvip may be

990

F. J. Dolger IX0YC Munster in Westf. 1922 ii. 179 f., iii pi. 12, 2), and the facts … with the pirouette (Apolloph. frag. 1 {Frag. com. Gr. ii. 879 Meineke) ap.

992

of Demeter as described by Kallimachos (Eustath. in II. p. 1208, 38 f., in Od.

993

M. P. Nilsson cj. dvmrdno&ts 'with unwashen feet,' cp. supra ii. 959 f.; but … Phrygia and Etruria {supra i. 107 f., ii. 299). … London 1837 ii. 416 no. 291 fig. 1, R. Lepsius Denkmaeler aus Aegypten und

996

early south-Italian style (P. Wuilleumier in the Rev. Arch. 1929 ii. 197—202 and … i. 36 ff. pi. iii, ii. 815 fig. 781), to the right of … frag. 5 [Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 626 Mii\ler)= frag. 2

998

G. Minervini in the Bull. Arch. Nap. Nuova Serie 1854 ii. 184 pi. 14 facing head

1000

samml. St. Petersburg ii. 299 no. 1778, id. in the Compte-rcndu St. Pet. 1869 … Arch. Nap. Nuova Serie 1854 ii. 183 f. pi. 14, P. W. Forchhammer in the Mon.

1002

with fig. on p. 295 —id. Monuments nouveaux de Part antique Paris 1924 ii. 299 ff. … Ant. Miinz. Nord-Griechenlands ii. 1. I. 71 no. 99 pi. 3, 2, J. N. Svoronos … ii. 1. 1. 71 no. 100 pi. 3, 1 Berlin, J. N. Svoronos in the 'E<£. 'Apx- 1889 p. 99 ff.

1003

pi. 22, Babelon Monn. gr. rom. ii. 4. S97 f. pi. 335, 15 Paris, C. Seltman Greek … Ancient Pottery London 1905 ii. 493 f. pi. 66, 5). Another specimen, in the Loeb

1006

the Vatican Garden is published by Muller—Wieseler Denkm. d. alt. Kunst ii. … (Clarac Mies, de Sculpt, ii. 343 f. pi. 167 fig. 77 and pi. 168 fig. 78 = Reinach … Alt. Denkm. ii. 146—152 pi. 7, 12, L. Stephani loc. cit. p. 60 no. 2, F. Hauser op.

1007

Reinach Rep. Reliefs ii. 531 no. 3 f. Height o-8o'"; diameter c. o-8o,n. The

1008

p. 97 no. 21, Helbig Guide Class. Ant. Rome ii. 38 f. no. 769, W. Helbig Fiihrer … Folge 1895 vi. 36—44 after Visconti Mus. Pie- Clem, iii pi. b, ii, F. Weege op. … Gr. ii. 626 Miiller) ap. Athen. 678 B cited supra p. 996 f.). Such a poet can hardly … Sparta frag. 4 (Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 626 Miiller) =frag. 1 Tresp ap. Athen. 674 A

1009

further the Foiiilles de Delphcs ii. 1 pi. 15 (the column restored by A. Tournaire, … de I'Art Paris 1937 ii. 199 with text by Mme Massoul). But examples of the

1012

pi. 37, 23, Imhoof-Blumer and P. Gardner Num. Comm. Paus. ii. 102 Geta, … by the potter Nikias (Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 218 f. no. 1 fig., J. D. Beazley

1013

London 1883 ii. 29 shakes his head: 'Shall we not rather refer this unsteady,

1015

Dolmens of Ireland London 1897 ii. 591, H. Giintert Kalypso Halle a. S. 1919

Appendix Q: The Prompting Eros

1016

Grece propre Paris 1890 ii. 249 no. 2 pi. 33). Another bronze mirror-stand, Greek

1018

the late Wyndham Francis Cook, Esqre London 1908 ii. 114 Bronze no. 46 pi. 35 … A. Dumont—J. Chaplain op. cit. ii. 249—253: see also Mrs A. Strong loc. cit. … Bronzes du Louvre ii. 43 no. 1687 pi. 77 Hermione, ii. 43 f. no. 1689 pi. 77 … of Aphrodite {supra ii. 1043 fig. 892, 1044). From this it is not a far cry to— … ceramica greca Firenze 1922 ii. 415 ff. fig. 298). … p. 65 ff. pi. 2, 2, Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 185 f. no. 20, Pfuhl Malerei u. … 3, G. Nicole op. cit. p. 69 If. pi. 3, 2, Hoppin op. cit. ii. 1S5 no. 17, P. Ducati

1019

op. cit. ii. 399 ff. fig. 290, Pfuhl op. cit. ii. 593 ff. iii. 240 fig. 594, J. D. Beazley … D. Comparetti in the Museo italiano di antichita classica Firenze 1888 ii. 59—64 … 239—253 pi. 9, G. Nicole op. cit. p. 96 f. pi. 7, 4, Hoppin op. cit. ii. 192 no. 47 … Reichhold op. cit. ii. 102 f. pi. 79, 1: Eros leans on the right shoulder of Paris, … 59, A. Conze in the Wicn. Vorlegcbl. ii pi. 6, 2, 2", P. Ducati op. cit. ii. 427 f. … Second Series 1870 ix. 181 f. pis. 3 and 4, Furtwangler—Reichhold op. cit. ii. … ii. 432 f. fig. 310, Pfuhl op. cit. ii. 712, iii. 244 fig. 598: Eros, reclining above the … Collignon Hist, de la Sculpt, gr. ii. 425) can be recovered from a vase in the

1020

= Reinach Rep. Stat. ii. 376 no. 7), and a gold pendant from south Russia, … Paris 1926 ii. 263 fig. 103). … 4037—4039 pi. 51, 11 and 12 (c. 46 b.c.), supra ii. 99 n. 1) and by C. Egnatius … 1997 no. (27)), and on others issued by Iulius Caesar (Babelon op. cit. ii. 11 f.

1021

Rbmische lko?iographie Berlin und Stuttgart 1886 ii. 1. 254 ff. pi. 6 ('Venus … Band ii) Wien 1902 p. 58 ff. pi. 3, vii and figs. 26, 27) in the Forum Augustum

1022

p. 10 ff., Collignon Hist, de la Sculpt, gr. ii. 686 f., E. Petersen op. cit. p. 187 f., … the Gas. Arch. 1887 xii. 250 ff., id. in the Gazette des Beaux-Arts 1896 ii. 329 ff. … Berlin 1844 ii pi. 31, L. Stephani in the Compte-rendu St. Pet. 1861 p. 123, Helbig … in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 451 fig. 2596, Reinach Rep. Peint. Gr. Rom.

1023

pi. 4, Helbig op. cit. p. 337 no. I427b), 11 and 12 (W. Zahn op. cit. ii pi. 43); to … given add Miiller—Wieseler Denkm. d. alt. Kunst ii. 27 f. pi. 3, 48 6, Welcker … Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 863 fig. 2847, Brit. Mus. Cat. Vases iv. 95 no.

1025

Reinach Rep. Peint. Gr. Rom. p. 191 no. 5, Pfuhl Malerei ic. Zeichnung d. Gr. ii. … W. Zahn op. cit. 1844 ii pi. 30, Helbig op. cit. p. 88 f. no. 340, Herrmann Denkm. … Aldobrandine Milano 1907 p. 23, Pfuhl Malerei it. Zeichnung d. Gr. ii. 771 f., … (O. Waser in Pauly—Wissowa Real-E?ic. vi. 515 f., supra ii. 1050). … '- Kallim. aitia 2 frag. 20 Schneider ap. schol. A.D. II. 1. 609 and Tzetz. in eund. toe. … Reinach Rep. Peint. Gr. Rom. p. 191 no. 5, Pfuhl Malerei ic. Zeichnung d. Gr. ii. … W. Zahn op. cit. 1844 ii pi. 30, Helbig op. cit. p. 88 f. no. 340, Herrmann Denkm. … Aldobrandine Milano 1907 p. 23, Pfuhl Malerei it. Zeichnung d. Gr. ii. 771 f., … (O. Waser in Pauly—Wissowa Real-E?ic. vi. 515 f., supra ii. 1050). … '- Kallim. aitia 2 frag. 20 Schneider ap. schol. A.D. II. 1. 609 and Tzetz. in eund. toe.

Appendix R: The Hieròs Gámos

1026

296, Eustath. hi II. p. 987, 9 ff.). … Westermarck The History of Human Marriage* London 1921 ii. 468 ' in some parts

1027

(Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 215 Mtlller), Kallim. /(. Del. 48 f., Ap. Rhod. t. 187 f. with schol. … at Nauplia (supra p. 224 n. 3). W. M. Leake Travels in the Morea London 1830 ii. 360 … Rom. horn. 5. 18 (ii. 188 B Migne) on another of the same sort at Argos irpbs rtf tov Aibs

1030

4 Paus. 3. 16. 11 (quoted supra ii. 421 n. 5). Asklepios at Sparta was called 'K.yvWa.% … 6 Schol. a //. 11. 105, Eustath. in II. p. 834, 37 ff.

1031

logie des Plantes Paris 1882 ii. 5. See also P. Sebillot Le Folk-lore de France Paris 1906 … AvyoSidfia or Orthia was a tree-goddess (supra ii. 421 n. 8) and that the flogging of

1032

1 A. de Gubernatis op. cit. ii. 4 'Dans les noces helleniques, les jeunes maries port- … 7 Muller—Wieseler—Wernicke Ant. Denkm. ii. 1. 38 f.

1033

of the Cretan mountain. Certainly the woods (supra ii. 932 n. 1), the cult of Rhea … Ide equally well: here too were woods (supra ii. 949 n. 5), a cult of Rhea (Strab. 469: … 9 Herrmann op. cit. i. 17 n. 3 (cp. ii. i. 15 fig. 3) states that their wreaths consist

1034

ous atcqparovs uwo^a^es, papatvovtyiv cirl aol (sc. Hippolytos) ret avdrj and supra ii. 164 n. 6 … koX ffa\apov 71-01177-65 'ii^v tvttos, &i> t6t£ ki5k\c{) | "IptSos aldeplt}^ erep6xpoos &rTe0e popepr) … 6 A. Maiuri in Clara Rhodos 1932 ii. 44—46 fig. 22 ( = my fig. 831).

1035

1 Brit. Mus. Cat. Sculpture iii. 223 f. no. 2150, Reinach Rip. Reliefs ii. 493 no. 2.

1036

Rip. Reliefs ii. 75 no. 1. My fig. 833 is from a photograph), again shows Zeus on his

1038

ii. 399 no. 1. The metope belongs to the temple commonly known as E or R and

1039

of Sir Wf Hamilton 1795 ii. 14m pi. 1, F. KSpp in the Jahrb. d. Mis. deutsch. arch.

1040

Inst, ii 1, E. Gerhard Uber die Lichtgottheiten auf Kunstdenkmdhrn Berlin 1840

1041

foot of Mount Oche, struck in s. ii B.C., show sometimes a laureate head of … 1 Supra ii. 902 n. 1. … C. Bursian Geographic von Griechcnland Leipzig 1868—1872 ii. 434 n. 1, H. Kiepert

1042

4 Plout. lot. cit. iivluKibv two. yuuxoc Kal da\a/j.ov avro(f>vt;. Cp. supra ii. 898 n. 6. … A. Enmann in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 1969 f., to whose references for Ajjtu add … 8 Supra ii. 898 n. 6. … correctum est.' See further O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 3298.

1043

current at Argos also, thirty miles away, in the fifth century ii.c. The cult- … whose sacred bird was the cock (supra ii. 946 f. 11. o figs. 838—841). … niinores Parisiis 1882 ii p. lvii. See W. Christ Geschichte der griechischen Litleratur6 … TapBtvov r/v iv avrri (cp. Eustath. in II. p. 286, 39 ff.). … Supra p. 65 from Paus. 2. 36. 2 (cited supra ii. 893 n. 2).

1044

Severus, cp. p. 152 no. 172 pi. 28, 24 Caracalla, Htmter Cat. Coins ii. 154 no. 23

1045

5 W. H. Roscher in his Lex. Myth. ii. 612 ff., F. Cumont in Pauly—Wissowa Real-

1047

6 Menand. Afelhe frag. 2 (Frag. com. Gr. iv. 162 Meineke) ap. Athen. 243 a—B i/ii … II L. Deubner Attische Feste Berlin 1932 p. 177 f.

1048

3 So on a 'Chalcidian' kylix in the British Museum [supra ii. 771 n. 1 with fig. 734).

1049

Gr. Kunstmyth. Hera pp. 31 (»'), 32 f., Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 233 no. 6, J. D. Beazley … 2 (1) A black-figured kylix at Berlin (supra ii. 776 n. 3 with fig. 740). … ii- 250 f. no. 2 fig., Pfuhl Malerei u. Zeichnuiig d. Gr. i. 431 f., iii. 103 figs. 359 f.,

1050

(3) A red-figured stdmnos in the Louvre, by the 'Providence painter' (supra ii. 735

1051

Keinach Rip. Vases ii. 266, 1, J. D. Beazley op. cit. p. 252 no. 3). Zeus is seated opposite

1052

149 n. 2, 330 n. 4, ii. 259 n. o, 317 n. 2, 960 n. o, 1228 f. More in Gruppe Gr. Myth.

1053

pi. 92 fig. 2401, Reinach Rip. Vases i. 143, 1 f., Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 154 no. 3, … 4 Supra ii. 1135 n. 5 with pi. xliv. … Antiqttitics of Athens London 1787 ii. 13 pi. 24, followed by most modern critics).

1057

2 Clarac Mus. de Scidpt. ii. 1. 170—181 pis. 172—174 figs. 11 — i7 = Keinach Rep. … 4 Supra i. 155, ii. 232 n. o fig. 160, iii. 955.

1060

1 Welcker Alt. Denkm. ii. 14—26 pi. r, r, Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Hera p. 174 ff. … J G. Zoega Li bassirilievi antichi di Roma Roma 1808 ii. 251-257 pi. 101.

1062

W. Christ Geschichte der griechischen Litteratur6 Mtinchen 1924 ii. 2. 876 f.] oi yaiiovvns … 4 Soph. Ion frag. 297 Nauck2, 320 Jebb (cited supra ii. 1021).

1064

Hist. i. 65 f. Jacoby). See also Athen. 83 c (supra ii. 1021). … 6 Supra p. 489 figs. 318 and 319. 0 Supra ii. 37 n. 1.

1065

1 The Iliad of Homer ed. W. Leaf and M. A. Bayfield London 1898 ii pp. xx, xxiii,

Addenda

1066

peracrTOixeitZo-ai (SpevSverai, avTos Si pr; civ e\Kva9rjvai k&tio d\a'£oveveTaf k.t.X., id. in II.

1067

no. 87 pi. 34, Reinach Rep. Stat. ii. 780 no. 1). … V. Ehrenberg 'Asteropos' ii. Jan. 1, 1927 p. 27 ff. rightly demurs.

1068

The Early Age of Greece Cambridge 1931 ii. 484—487 and has of late been vigorously … Cp. Mendel Cat. Sculpt. Constantinople ii. 487 f. no. 688 a limestone slab with the … 64. 1] in Wiener Studien 1930 xlviii. 149—178, W. Kroll ' Etwas vom Werwolf ii.

1070

Paris 1922 pp. 1—72 (summarised by S. Reinach in the Rev. Arch. 1922 ii. 357).

1071

s. ii or iii A.D, [Kap7r]o[0]| [6/>]os /u[t<r] durrty 'H[Xi]jw ko.1 Ai ev\xn"- … 1926 ii. 281)—further proof of the same association.

1072

i. 231 n. 8. P. Couissin deals with ' casques a rouelle' in the Rev. Arch. 1923 ii. 77^ … Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes zu Jerusalem 1906 ii. 44 ff. (S. A. Cook The

1073

cp. Lobeck Aglaophamus ii. 1341 Ad/3 t6 ovpaviov irvp, and see further F. Dornseiff Das … Les Phtmeiens et VOdysste Paris 1902 i. 214, 1903 ii. 261 ff. An altar at Ptolemais … i. 247 n. 2. See now A. de Ridder Lcs bronzes antiques du Louvre Paris 1915 ii. 45 f.

1074

du Louvre ii. 44 no. 1694 pi. 76 ('Oracle d'amour (?)'). A third from Corinth is in the … Haute-Bretagne Paris 1882 ii. 363).

1075

involving the 'No-man' stratagem (supra ii. 989). Hence in the Mycenaean age *Uthissc … Sun' with note ii. ii. 468 'the Fire-Auger, the holy Drill by which some Teutonic … i. 330 n. 1. Eumath. 6. 14 toDto <t>iis rbv aerbv (supra ii. 1141) viraivlTTtcrOai Tjjs tov

1076

p. 605 n. 3 and figured infra Addenda on ii. 635 ff. … the sun, beloved of Hurun of Ramses'' {i.e. of Pi-Ramses, the Deltaic capital of Ramses ii). … reich auf prosopographischer Grundlage Miinchen 1926 i. 1—357, ii. 1—446 ('Kultus und

1077

the Annuaire de I Institut de Philologie el d'Hisloire Oricntales 1934 ii (Melanges Bidez) … Ancient History Cambridge 1924 ii. 275—283 devotes a section to them ('The Keftians

1078

remarks of S. R[einach] in the Rev, Arch. 1928 ii. 334 f. on the Libyan rock-cut … i. 395 n. 2. A. Ii. Krappe Mythologie universelle Paris 1930 p. 45, accepting the … are noted by Walde—Pokorny Vergl. Wbrlerb. d. indogerm. Spr. ii. 332, and a timely

1082

—Erlangen 1924 ii—iv p. ii with fig. 48 illustrates a stile of New Kingdom date at … 203), ii The Inscriptions (pp. 1—92), iii The Plates (pis. 1—173)—a work reviewed by … 47 ff. = Herodian. irepl -jraBGiv frag. 553 (ii. 351, 9 ff. Lentz) Bwcx's Hvopa MoKikov. irapa.

1083

(a glossary of late second or early third century) frag. 3 col. ii, 29 ff. [p.~\£\\i<;o-ai : ]<xi … k6<op and Corp. inscr. Att. ii. 3 no. 1651 an inscription from the Asklepieion in the … frag. 2 (Frag. com. Gr. ii. 674 ff. Meineke) ap. Athen. 441 e—442 a Orthanes, Konisalos, … the dawn' (ii. p. 54). F. Heichelheim in Pauly—Wissowa Keal-Enc. vi a. 906—910 has

1085

couplet eked out by an iambic pentapody. II. N. Couch 'An Inscribed Votive Bronze

1086

A/us. Cat. Sculpt, iii. 231 f. no. 2162 fig. i6 = my fig. 868, Reinach Rip. Reliefs ii. 489, 1). … 557) 587 pi- 6, jo) represents Nandi the bull of Civa {supra i. 637, ii. 791 n. 2). Mosch. … ii. 108. Cp. J. H. Middleton The Lewis Collection of Gems and Rings London 1892 … 1915 ii. 114—125, 348—363, ib. 1916 i. 295—300, 387—398, ii. 119—128, 295—300,

1087

Inscriptions de Ddos Paris 1926 ii. 77 ff. no. 316, 75 ff.].

1090

A. Schulten Numantia Mllnchen 1931 ii. 213 notes the prevalence of the bull-cult … Castillo in Ebert Reallex. ix. 138) renders a couple of bulls. Id. ii. ii. 257 pi. 16 ( = my … \supra ii. n 36 n. 4]. Der Branch hat bereits wahrend der Bronzezeit eine grosse Ver-

1091

Marmora Oxoniensia Oxonii 1763 ii. 105 no. 58 pi. 8, Reinach Rip. Reliefs ii. 526 no. 1, … ii Beiblatt p. 46 fig. t2) and an inscription from the Ephesian stage M[t)]k60iXos Mjjpo- … i. 503 f. bull-carrying. Cp. L. Ziehen in Leges Graecorum sacrae ii. 49 ff. no. 12, … ^</>e/3os hoi] I /«epoxoio[i haipecdov] diaKoaios <=x' ' ABtfylaloy and Corp. inscr. Att. ii. 1 … Hdrnermotiv in den Religionen' in the Archiv f. Rel. 1912 xv. 451—487 [ii. p. 473 f. … ii. 555 n. o, cp. 545 n. o), Gaerte p. 82 takes the Cretan horns to be 'die Kultsymbole … pp. 1—49, W. Deonna ' Mobilier delien ii BOMOI KEPAOTXOI' in the Bull. Corr.

1092

altari ubi Dominicum Corpus asservatur' (Ducange Gloss, mod. et inf. Lat. ii. 829 … i. 542 n. 5. See now Babelon Monn. gr. rom. ii. 3. 92 r ff. no. 1478 pi. 246, 22 London

1093

Berlin—Leipzig 1921. Vol. ii by D. Krencker, T. von Liipke, and M. Winnefeld with … les divinites des planetes' in Syria 192r ii. 40—46, id. 'A quels dieux etaient consacres … base is inscribed in lettering of s. ii—iii A.D. I(ovi) • O(ptimo) • M(aximo) • H(eliopolitano) \

1095

et Vetera (Notes et Ftudes d'Archeologie Orientale. Troisieme Serie, ii) in the Melanges … sanctuaries of s. ii a.d., which could boast life-size statues of terracotta and many … A/us. Cat. Rom. Coijts Rep. ii. 572 no. 8 pi. 121, 4 and no. 9 (Genius Tutelaris Africae

1097

in the Rco. Arch. 1937 ii. 244—249 figs. 1—4. … Rev. Arch. 1937 ii. 256).

1098

J. Dechelette Manuel d'archeologie Paris 1910 ii. 1. 480, 1914 ii. 3. 1310. A couple … 1883 iii. 480 fig. 18 f., J. Dechelette op. cit. ii. 3. 1308 fig. 570, 2). Both are possibly

1100

identify Commodus with Hercules (supra ii. 255 n. o, 903 n. 2). But, since Commodus … fig. 202, ii. 1185 figs. 987, 988), a corresponding figure appears on the shaft. Further

1101

inscription of the proto-Armenian king Rusas II. (b.c. 680),...who says that he had … of Minos London 1928 ii. 1. 169 n. 2. More hazardous conjectures in J. Karst Die … Museum Odescalchum RomEe 1752 ii. 99 fif. pi. 42 shows a marble base with relief of a

1102

"Adas, Eustath. in II. p. 980, 45 f. Schol. B. L. V. II. 14. 229 ura for vwra I) already

1103

II. Gressmann in the Berl. philol. Woch. Juli 26, 1913 pp. 935—938, J. Rendel … 1883 pp. 1—35, W. von Christ Geschichte der griechischen Litteralur Miinchen 1920 ii.

1105

emendation of Glaukos Rheg. frag. 4 (Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 24 Mllller) ap. [Plout] de

1106

Mass. 1918 p. 130 f. fig. 81 (the 'Penthesilea Painter'), Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 339 … be\\-&rater at Lecce published by Furtwangler—Reichhold Gr. Vasenmalerei ii. 106 … Civilization London 1931 ii. 389 fig. 356 on pi. 111 notes two human figures (from

1107

brother of Atys [E. Meyer in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. ii. 1579 f., 2262]. The name … identical.' Not impossibly, then (cp. supra ii. 293), Zeus AC6IC meant ab origine … i. 357—372 pi. 9, Reinach Rip. Vases i. 237, 1 and ii. 260, I, H. Heydemann Dionysos' … American Museums Cambridge Mass. 1918 p. 66 110. i, Hoppin Red-fig. Vases ii. 438 … i. 708 ff. E. Fiechter—R. Herbig Das Dionysos-Theater in Athen Stuttgart 1935 ii … 3. II. 7 = Lyd. de mens. 4. 94 p. 139, 2 ff. Wiinsch koX rb Jiiv TiyefioptKov tt\% Oeias … Gardner Num. Comm. Vans. ii. 90 Fig. 879.

1108

in the Rev. Arch. 1913 ii. 344—352, W. N. Bates in the Am. Journ. Arch. 1914 xviii. … Arch. 1913 ii. 327 n. 2). In any case see Svoronos Ath. Nationalmus. no. 3078 pi. 200.

1110

Der Thron des Apollon' ii. 1918 xxxiii. 107—245 figs. 1—90 pis. 4—20, P. Bersakes … 'Vavpoipivia. at Mylasa (supra ii. 582 n. 5, iii. 570). See, however, Serv. in Verg. Aen. … hollow casting by the cire-perdue process' (cp. L. R. Farnell supra ii. 644 n. 1). But

1111

pi. e, id.-p. 82 no. 663 pi. ii). A second cornelian scarab, from the Blacas collection, … no. 727 pi. 12, cp. Furtwangler Ant. Gemmen i pi. 19, 28, ii-. 93 ('Gefliigelter Damon'), … Melian (?) gem supra ii. 544 fig. 419. From Melos to Ikaros (Ikaria) is a bare hundred … s.v. Mftijros ler), on which see W. Drexler in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 2626 and Scherling … Times of Titian- London 1881 ii. 317 with pi., J. Addison Classic Myths in Art London

1112

Thutmose iii (ii.c. rjoi—1447 Breasted) at Bei'san, which shows two scenes of a lion … Littre (iv. 426 IT. Jones) at the end of s. v Ii.c. and probably also in Demokrit. ap. Aet.

1114

i. 3. 108frag. 3. 4 is still content with Naeke's 6s ovk 15' dorip' oiS' l<5>ii>i> edifyro. … ii. 3 n. o pot-Zeuses. Cp. Aristoph. ran. 22 Atbvuoos, utos 'S.Tap.viov with schol. d£ov … ii. 13 ff. Zeus Kaiaibdtes. See now H. Sjovall Zeus im altgriechischen Hauskult Lund

1115

ii. 19 n. o d\evpofia.vTets, d\<ptTOfMdvT(is, KptOofxdvTcis. See now Boehm 1 Aleuromantie ' … ii. 21 n. 5. G. W. Elderkin in the Am. Journ. Arch. 1934 xxxviii. 32 conjectures … ii. 23 n. 2 Numa's law about the man struck by lightning. E. Bickel in the Rhein. … ii. 30 n. 3 etymology of Brundisium. P. Skok 'Brendisium und Verwandtes' in the … ii. 33 ff. Zoroastres. A masterly exposition of Zoroaster's life, teaching, and works … ii. 44 the 'straight light like a pillar' (Plat. rep. 616 B) without a counterpart in

1116

ii. 45 the 'spindle of Ananke.' P. M. Schuhl in the Rev. Arch. 1930 ii. 58—64 … ii. 52 n. 2 fringes wee. Add Stegemann in the Handworterbuch des deutscken … des deutschcn Aberglaubens 1930 ii. 1527: 'Das Weltgebaude ist nach der Vorstellung … Porsanger Fjord [supra ii. 423 n. 3 with fig. 329].... That these pillars of the Lapps had

1117

ii. 57 ff. Iupiter-Columns. These are now published and illustrated in detail by … ii. 6] n. o Iuno Lucina. In 1934 on the dispersal of the Harland-Peck collection … ii. 62 f. the Wild Hunt or Furious Host. See further E. Liebrecht Des Gervasius von … ii. 63 Wodan. Cp. G. Neckel ' Regnator omnium deus ' [Tac. Germ. 39] in the Neue … ii. 86 n. 3. L. Barbedette ' Le symbolisme des tombeaux gallo-romains ' in the Rev. … ii. 88 the world-pillar in Rhenic Germany. Miss J. R. Bacon in 1929 kindly drew … ii. 88 n. 3 Jack and the Beanstalk. On which see L. Mackensen ' Bohnenranke zum … ii. 107 n. 4. For the spiral column see also the materials collected by M. Avi-Yonah

1118

ii. ii4ff. the Pillar of Light. Kallisthenes of Olynthos frag. 8 (Script, hist. Alex. … Ezekiel (s. ii. B.C. : see A. Jacoby in the Archiv f. Rel. 1927 xxv. 278 n. 1) ap. Euseb. … nativity of the Cretan Zeus (Ant. Lib. 19: supra ii. 928 n. o). … ii. 121 n. 3 vases showing Thracian women tattooed. To the six examples listed add: … ii. 123 n. o ritual tattooing. See further F. J. Dolger Antike und Christentum … ii. 124 ladder as soul-path. Hence perhaps that favourite motif in Pompeian art— … ii. 128 Jacob's ladder. C. F. Coxwell Siberian and other Folk-Tales London 1933

1119

ii. 128 n. 2. See now T. Dombart Der babylonische Turin Leipzig 1930 pp. 1—36 … Gr. Deli ii no. 161 B 35 f. (279 B.C.) (cXi/zd/aoc ^6Xlvo/j. wfpixpvaov '6(j>taiv dpyvpots 5[ief]u|- … ii. 131 f. with fig. 79 Baubo. This terra cotta is now in the Antiquarium at Berlin: … dell' Abruzzo Sulmona 1927 ii. 91 ff. ('II mito Eleusimio (sic) di Baubo ed il simbolo … ii. 142 n. 1. Cp. also A. Taramelli 'Chiaramonti.—Navicella votiva protosarda rin-

1120

ii. 150 n. 2. On the Jains see J. Hastings Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics … ii. 160 ff. Agyieus-Pm&rs. With figs. 104—106 cp. a square bronze weight in the … cp. ii. fig. 6 a tapering limestone cylinder (o'9ora high) hollowed at the upper end to … (supra ii. 161 n. 3). So does A. Rumpf in D. H. Haas Bilderatlas zur Religionsgeschichte … Hektor caught up \aav..., os pa ttvX&wv | icrrriKei irp6ff8e, -rrpvfivbs iraxbs, aiirap ii-n-epdev j … iirl getTToiai XiSois Upip hi KiKkip (II. 18. 504, cp. Od. 8. 6). I suggested to Bonner that … ii. 167 fig. in. Cp. a copper drachma of Byzantion cited by F. Lenormant in … H. Lacoste in the Fouilles de Delphes ii La Terrasse du Temple 1 pi. 4 gives a

1121

EPTOH (F. Courby in the Fouilles de Delphes ii La Terrasse du Temple 2. 163—165). … ii. 176 n. 2 the Delphic E. This famous symbol continues to provoke lively discussion. … ii. 183 n. 3 Rhapso. See U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff in Hcmies 1926 lxi. 281 … hasten to tell their father ASOPOS (Mus. Etr. Gregor. ii. 5 pi. 20, 1 and 1 a, Over-

1122

ii. 189 antithetic grouping. H. R. Hall, lecturing at Cambridge (Oct. 31, 1928) on … ii. 189 n. o. Dr A. H. Lloyd pointed out to me (Dec. 24, 1926) that on certain … condition (cp. supra ii. 657 n. 3). … ii. 193 ff. the Delphic tripod. C. Clemen Religionsgeschichte Pleidelberg 1926 i. 247 … ii. 199 n. 2 with pi. xii the Chigi base. A marble replica of (a) and (c), dredged up … ii. 201 n. 1. J. D. S. Pendlebury tells me (March 2, 1927) that at Delphoi the plane- … ii. 206 n. 1 divining-glass. A. Delatte La catoptromancie grecque et ses derives … ii. 209. On the Pythta as a case of artificial and voluntary possession see T. K.

1124

ii. 222 n, 4. Iambi, v. Pyth. 4 ff. possibly ' geht...durch Apollonios auf Timaios … ii. 224 the ivory shoulder of Pelops. H. W. Parke 'The Bones of Pelops and the … ii. 224 n. 1 the golden breast. J. A. MacCulloch in J. Hastings Encyclopedia of … ii. 228 n. 4. On the sanctuary of Artemis Kalliste see now A. Philadelpheus in the … ii. 243 n. 3. On thepaidn of Philodamos see now W. Vollgraff 'Le pean delphique … ii. 258 n. 3 Zeus Bouleus or Eubouleus grouped with Demeter and Kore. With this

1125

ii, 259 n. o Zeus Boulaios. His cult at Thasos (noted in the Comptes reiidus de … ii. 260 n. o. On the identification of Augustus with Zeus Patrdios as evidenced by … ii. 268 n. o the earth-goddess riding on a bull. See W. Technau 'Die Gdttin auf … ii. 270 n. 5. G. Kazarow in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. vi a. 490 records the proper … ii. 281 Zeus Dlos with grape-bunches and a plough. R. Vallois in the Rev. Et. Gr.

1126

ii. 282 Zeus DUnysos. D. Detschew in the Jcthresh. d. oest. arch. Inst. 1934 xxix … hexameters: Bw/j:6j> rbvb' d.v{\9r]Ka OeCj Ad tw A[i\\ov>uo-ii] AuKOfj.rjdtjs { X-prjarou iepeus … ii. 285 n. o (2). Sir W. M. Ramsay Asianic Elements in Greek Civilisation London … ii. 290 n. o the tombstone of Abirkios and Theuprepia. Sir W. M. Ramsay op. cit.

1127

ii. 291 n. 2 owo0ricr7)s. K. Latte in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. iv A. 1028—1031 … ii. 295 n. 2. A. Carnoy 'Les noms de Demeter et de Core' in the Annuaire de … ii. 296 Attis and the Kouretes. O. Brendel in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch. Arch. Inst. 1933

1128

ii. 297 fig. 189. See now J. Leipoldt 'Eine romische Attisfigur' in "AyyeKos 1926 ii. … ii. 298 fig. 190. F. J. Dblger IX0YC Mttnster in Westf. 1927 iv pi. 168 gives a … ii. 300 n. 3. Photographs in Stuart Jones Cat. Sculpt. Pal. d. Conserv. Rome p. 254 ff. … ii. 307 n. 1 the epitaph of Aberkios. See further A. Abel 'Etude sur l'inscription … ii. 314 f. Axiokersa, Axiokersos, Axieros. O. Montelius La Grice pre'classique … Hesych. nipva- df/x?; and in the other Hesychian glosses (quoted supra ii. 315 n. 1) cj.

1129

Seov /j.eyd\ov KYPZA {supra ii. 1126 figs. 952, 953) and the possibility that Ki/pcra - … ii. 316 Zeus transformed into Eros. Such a concept provides a partial justification for … (Keinach Rep. Stat. ii. 17 no. 4 'Zeus panthee?,' De Kidder Cat. Bronzes du Louvre i. 71

1130

ii. 32r n. 1. A votive inscription to Zeus ''Eiridibras in Messenia is noted by … ii. 322 ff. Janiform deities. C. N. Deedes 'The Double-headed God' in Folk-Lore … ii. 328 ff. the Salian Hymn. On Italian and Dutch reconstructions of the carmen … ii. 337 n. 4 divom deo. Cp. Tertull. ad Scap. 4 (i. 782 A Migne) tunc et populus … ii. 343 Zap! 'EXeuflepioi = Antoninus Pius. W. Peck in the 'Apx- E0. 1931 p. 114 quotes … ii. 343 Tidves. Cp. Epiphan. ancor. 106 (i. 208 Dindorf) Z^ves de oi>x eh 7? duo, ctXXa

1131

ii. 347 ff. IIdj> 6 neyas tIQvukiv. The literature of this famous episode (supra ii. 349 … just as Zan the oxherds' god took that of an ox (supra ii. 345). And the ritual of the dead … ii. 347 n. o Hipta. P. Kretschmer in Glotta 1926 xv. 76 ff. takes Hipta to be an … in the Rev. Arch. 1928 ii. 170 and in the Journ. Rom. Stud. 1927 xvii. 249), M. P. Nilsson

1132

ii. 361 with fig. 254. H. Mattingly in the Brit. Mus, Quart. 1934 ix. 51 pi. 16, 7, … ii. 381 flf. double herms. R. Lullies Die Typen der griechischen Herme Kdnigsberg … gott' (ib. p. 86)—a view questioned by S. Reinach in the Rev. Arch. 1931 ii. 330. … ii. 385 n. o'kpyrXcjibvT-qs. Earlier interpretations in O. Neckel 'Apyei<p6i>T7}s Progr. des … ii. 390 with pi. xxi Janiform aryballos of male and female Dionysiac heads. See now … ii. 392 ff. double herms at Nemi. On Feb. 10, 1930, during the excavation of

1133

ii. 394 foliate faces. T. Tindall Wildridge The Grotesque in Church Art- London … ii. 405 ff. Artemis Ephesia. On all the types of this goddess see now the excellent

1134

ii. 407 n. o. On stags in relation to Artemis (Ma, Anai'tis, etc.) see S. Reinach in the … ii. 410 n. o 'E(petria ypap.p.ara. See further A. Deissmann 'Ephesia Grammata' in … ii. 410 n. o. On the occurrence of Zeus-emblems (thunderbolt and bay-wreath) in … ii. 419 n. 2. A writer in the Times Literary Supplement for June 17, 1926 p. 413 … ii. 422 the divine Sky as a double-faced god. K. F. Johansson Uber die altindische … ii. 424 the temple of Aphrodite Papliia. See further R. Dussaud—P. Alphandery ' Le … ii. 427 fig. 331. A somewhat clearer illustration of this gilded glass is given by … ii. 436 ff. Kastor and Polydeukes. A. Dohring 'Kastors und Balders Tod' in the … Firenze 1932 x. 169 ff. no. iiSj Oxyrhynchos s. ii—iii a.d.): 21 ff. /j.d\' iyy[vS.To] … ii. 440 ff. Romulus and Remus. A. H. Krappe ' Notes sur la legende de la fondation

1135

ii. 445 Zethos and Amphion. J. Rendel Harris in the Bulletin of the John Rylands … ii. 445 ff. double-headed deities in Asia Minor etc. G. Conteuau ' Idoles en pierre … Id. Manuel d'arche'ologie orientate Paris 1931 ii. 824 f. figs. 593 and 594 dates the … and of a Syrian group id. Canaan, Phenicie Paris 1937 ii. 109 fig. c-. On the significance … religione degli Hittiti Bologna 1936 pp. 87—91 ('II Mito del dio della tempesta e del

1136

ii. 460 n. 1 (b) Apollon riding on a swan. A rock-crystal scarab of early archaic style … ii. 462 n. o fig. 362 Zeus drawn by eagles on a disk from Tarentum. Other examples … ii. 469 n. 1 huius folia noctis et lucis imaginem declarant. Miss G. R. Levy 'The … There is a second specimen of the type in Hunter Cat. Coins ii. 96 no. 72. I have a third). … ii. 483 the kif&anu-tiee. F. P. Dhorme ' L'arbre de verite et l'arbre de vie ' in the … ii. 484 n. 6. The etymology of dweWdv is discussed by F. Muller Jzn Altitalisches … ii. 493 n. 2 amber routes. The most thorough and authoritative investigation of the … ii. 493 ff. the Hyperboreans. Rendel Harris 'Apollo at the back of the North Wind'

1137

xliii. 214. The latter, quoting Kallim. h. Del. 283 f. oi ptv rot koX6.ii.tiv Te KoX iepa … the first or last sheaf, cited by Mannhardt (supra ii. 498 n. 2), tempts us to conjecture- … supported by the ritual preservation of Leda's egg (snpra ii. 1015 n. 7). A more remote … ii. 496 n. o fin. C. Picard in the Rev. Arch. 1935 i. 285 n. 1: 'Pour le nom des … ii. 500 Phoibos. W. Schmid '4>oi^os 'AirbWwv' in the Archiv f. Rel. 1923—1924

1138

ii. 511 sliced neolithic celts with added inscriptions. A large oblong axe (?) of brownish … ii. 513 ff. The double axe in 'Minoan' cult. M. E. L. Mallowan in The Illustrated … ii. 516 n. 6 the sarcophagus of Hagia Triada. To the bibliography add R. Vallois … ii. 536 hands raised, one palm outwards, the other in profile. … ii. 543 the 'hour-glass' ornament on the indigenous pottery … ii. 544 fig. 419 gem from Melos. C. Picard in the Revue

1139

ii. 544 n. 3 the Egyptian neter. Miss M. A. Murray ' The sign |' in Studies presented … ii. 547 n. 2 the sacrificial table. H. Mischkowski Die heiligen Tische im Gotterkultus … ii. 549 Kronos swallowing his own children. See now M. Pohlenz in Pauly—Wissowa

1140

ii. 550 fig. 426. F. Imhoof-Blumer in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1898 xviii. 178 f. no. 51 … Paris 1931 ii. 970 f. fig. 672, G. Furlani La religione degli Hittiti Bologna 1936 p. 59 f. … ii. 570 n. o. A propos of Celtic divinities Prof. F. E. Adcock draws my attention to … 'PiKibras \ 02TaTe[\tov j kwiitis 'iKojrapfou iK^rrjs | Ktxl v-mjpeT&ii \ Ad Bovo-aov\pryi(p ^w^l … ii. 578 n. 4. A. W. Persson in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1922 xlvi. 399 ff. adds two more … ii. 587 Zeus Pdlaxos or Spdlaxos. W. H. Buckler—W. M. Calder—C. W. M. Cox in

1141

ii. 587 n. 7. C. Picard in the Revue de riiistoirc des religions 1926 xciii. 73 n. 2 … ii. 594 pectoral ornament (?). In favour of such a TrpoffTijOidiov see also W. Miiller in … ii. 594 the temple of Athena Alia. C. Dugas—J. Berchmans—M. Clemmensen Le … ii. 601. H. J. Rose in The Hibbert Journal 1927 xxv. 380 thinks that I am here … 1528, L. C. Purser in Smith—Wayte—Slarindin Diet. Ant. ii. 86). I adhere therefore … ii. 613 the hidden meaning of knife or double axe. R. Eisler drew my attention … ii. 613 Simias' poem on the axe of Epeios. W. Deonna 'Les "poemes figures'" in the

1142

ii. 614 ff. Zeus (?) and the Centaur. J. C. Hoppin in the Am. Journ. Arch. 1900 iv. … ii. 620 Sucaelus the mallet-god. For a Cornish counterpart of Sucaelus see 'Jack … ii. 620. Thor's hammer used as a pendant or amulet is well illustrated by J. J. A. … ii. 630. Mrs A. Strong 'Sepulchral Relief of a Priest of Bellona' in Papers of the … ii. 632 n. 6 axes with animal heads. Other examples are collected by P. Couissin in

1143

A. M. Tallgren in Ebert Reallex. ii. 121 pi. 62, a, b, S. Casson 'Battle-axes from Troy' … are decorated with a leaf-pattern which points to the beginning of the ' Late Minoan ii' … der Rhea sein [supra ii. 925 n. 1], die manche in Psychro zu finden glaubten?' Reports … ii. 641 n. 2. Recent writers on Charon are B. Schmidt 'Charon' in the Archiv f. Rel. … portended death (cp. Plin. nat. hist. 2. 138)—a view anticipated by me supra ii. 641. … ii. 643 ff. designs incised on double axes of bronze. In a small collection of 'Minoan'

1144

The rocky ground is characteristic. Sir A. Evans The Palace of Minos London 1928 ii.

1146

ii. 645 n. 4 the soul as a butterfly. The Copenhagen gem (fig. 563) is now included … ii. 648 n. 1 axe-pendants from Benin. P. Amaury Talbot Some Nigerian Fertility … ii. 6,56 n. o ingots. C. T. Seltman Athens its History and Coinage before the Persian … ii. 663. W. R. Halliday 'Tenes' in the Class. Quart. 1927 xxi. 36—44 insists on 'the … ii. 664 fig. 603. This bronze plaque is now at Berlin (photograph in F. J. Dolger … ii. 665 n. 1. See further K. Tiimpel 'Der Karabos des Perseus' in Philologus 1894 liii. … ii. 667 n. 3 fig. 606. Cp. Babelon Monti, gr. rom. ii. 1. 1547 f. no. 2328 pi. 78, 12, … ii. 673. A bronze coin of Chersonesos Taurike, struck c. 300—200 B.C., copies the … ii. 675 androgynous deities. See now the important study of J. Halley des Fontaines

1147

ii. 687 rock-carvings of the hafted axe. At the base of Ben Voirlich, not far from the … ii. 688 ff. n. o. M. C. Burkitt 'Rock Carvings in the Italian Alps' in Antiquity 1929 … ii. 690 Penelope's marriage-test. E. Westermarck The History of Human Marriage* … ii. 692 ff. Tereus. M. Bieber 'Tereus' in the Ath. Mitth. 1925 1. 11 —18 pi. 2 … ii. 699 "wine-skin" and "hatchet." ' Y.' in The Cambridge Revieiv 1926 xlvii. 268 … ii. 699 small bronze axes. F. Haverfield in Tke Victoria History of tke Counties of … ii. 704 the spear of Zeus. L. Malten in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch. Arch. Inst. 1925 xl.

1148

ii. 723 n. o Zeus Skylios. An inscription of 120 A.D., found at Rhotasi (Rhytion) and … ii. 724 n. o. On oaths that must be taken in the open, not under a roof, see P. Sartori … ii. 727 Zeus and the boar. The stile of Zeus KaraiSs at Thespiai {infra on ii. 874 n. 2) … ii. 731 fig. 663 Zeus wielding thunderbolt. A. Rumpf Chalkidische Vasen Berlin— … ii. 733 ff. fig. 665 psychostasla. The Paris fragment is re-published by J. D. Beazley

1150

ii. 734 n. 3 the scales of Zeus. Add Kerkidas mcliamb. 4. 24 ff. Powell = 2. 24 ff. … ii. 739 ff. early types of Zeus advancing from left to right. C. D. Bicknell suggests to … human head rises from the ground (Pas central support of the tripod: supra ii. 193). … gauche du dieu; cette main est d'ailleurs perforce'), Reinach Rip. Slat. ii. 1 no. 1,

1152

fighting-man developed into fighting-god (supra ii. 739 ff., 1111 f.) and may be dated

1153

deliberately portraying Poseidon in the guise of Zeus (cp. supra ii. 795 n. 3 figs. 762— … ii. 741 Zeus Ithomcitas. C. T. Seltman in the Cambridge University Reporter 1932

1154

ii. 745 n. 4. F. Mate ' Ein Zeuskopf in Villa Borghese' in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch.

1155

ii. 746 n. 2 pi. xxxii, 1 silver statuette of Zeus. A. W. Van Buren in the Am. Journ■ … ii. 748 f. beardless type of Zeus. T. Birt 1 Auxins und Anxur' in Gtotta 1927 xv. 118 … ii. 752 the eagle of Zeus. R. J. H. Jenkins (June 3, 1930) notes: 'With regard to … ii. 754 n. 1 Tavium. P. Kretschmer in Glotta 1925 xiv. 304 derives the name of the … ii. 757 n. 8 the chronology of Pheidias' career. Recent discussion by G. Lippold ' Das … in the Revue de I'hist aire des religions 1926 xciii. 80 n. 3 (accepts the finding of II. … ii. 759 the marble statuette of Zeus at Lyons. Esperandieu Bas-reliefs de la Gaule … Nike.' C. Picard 'La porte de Zeus a Thasos' in the Rev. Arch. 1912 ii. 43—76, id.

1156

ii. 764 ff. Modifications in the shape of the thunderbolt. E. Unger 'Dreizack' in … ii. 102 with fig. ( = my fig. 902)). … ii. 782 sacrifice to living animals on Greek soil. The goddess Boubrostis, to whom … ii. 784 Keraunos. C. Picard in the Revue de Vhistoire des religions 1926 xciii. 81 n. 3 … ii. 378 no. 118, id. 'Pempobolon' in the Jahrb. d. Dcutsch. Arch. Inst. 1926 xli Arch. … ii. 802. On Jan. 10, 1927 I saw two other specimens of the M. Herennius terra cotta

1157

described by Mr E. J. Seltman (supra ii. 1225) and was obviously modern. The other, … ii. 805 the Etruscan bidental. See further G. Furlani ' II bidenlal etrusco e un' … ii. 807 n. 5 (5) astragalomanteia. E. Riess in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Em: ii. 1793 and … ii. 808 n. o (13) Zeus Keraunios in Thessaly. A. S. Arvanitopoulos in the 'Apx- E0. … ii. 808 n. o (17) Zeus Keraunios at Rome. This inscription is included in the latest

1158

ii. 814 n. 3 with fig. 7S0 the relief from Emesa. Similar reliefs have been found at … 1 —171 with plan of town, ii pis. 1—100). It appears that the Palmyrene temple was

1159

of the ddyton-Aoox (cp. supra ii. 431) showed a great eagle with spread wings seen against … ii. 1934 xv. 155—186. One of them (ii. 1934 xv. 17S—181 fig. 2) renders laribol in … sceptre (Beltis?)—a fairly close parallel to the relief from Emesa. Another (ii. 1934 … —another solar power (W. Drexler in RoscherZ^. Myth. ii. 2293—2301, K. Preisendanz

1160

ii. 823 n. 1 Dionysos as i}pws? W. R. Halliday The Greek Questions of Plutarch … ii. 824 fif. The whip of Zeus. L. Laistner Nebelsagen Stuttgart 1879 pp. 45, 160 f. … ii. 833 n. 8 with fig. 793. See now Mendel Cat. Sculpt. Constantinople iii. 47 f. … ii. 836. … in the British Museum (fig. 6 = supra ii. 837 fig. 794). Ferri goes on to consider analogous … in a cave (supra ii. 836 ff. ei; cti!\?)s, speleum), and note (p. xli) that he and Apollon 'may

1161

Victorious Father' (supra ii. 836). In inscription no. 232 from Seyit Gazi (Nakoleia) … ii. 836. On Zeus as 'Hearer of Prayer' see the valuable article by O. Weinreich … ii. 838 Dionysos Bromios. C. Picard in the Revue de Vhistoirt dcs religions 1926 xciii. … ii. 859 ff. Kairos. A. A. Papadopoulos 'Kcupos' in the 'Erreriipis 'Eraipt/as Bv^afTtvui' … ii. 86r fig. 799. The fragmentary replica at Athens is included in O. Walter … ii. 863 11. 1 fig. 801. H. Volkmann ' Studien zum Nemesiskult' in the Archivf. Bel.

1162

ii. 874 n. 2 Zeus Karaios. A. Plassart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1926 I. 399 ff. no. 17 … ii. 875 n. 1 (1). E. Sittig should have said Erythrai, not Smyrna (L. Robert in the … (10) Thrace. G. Bakalakis in Gpa/ct/ca 1935 vi. 302 f[.=Rev. Arch. 1937 ii. 385 no. … white marble boundary stone Aids | 'Tif/io-rov). Mylasa (A. W. Persson ii. 1922 xlvi. 414 … romana di a'rkcologia Serie iii Memorie 1923 i. 1 ' II sole vindice dei delitti ed il simbolo

1163

is inscribed 6e<ii "txjiiarwi | 'Ein)K&[u]i HX[i'w]i | ev[epnTj? 2d]pav | [k]cu [roc de?]t[bv...] | … —M. Besnier in the Rev. Arch. 1931 ii. 369 no. 114, A. M. Woodward in the Journ. … of Hudhail.' See further W. Drexler in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 2309 f., K. Preisendanz

1164

ii. 890 n. 2 Mt Taygeton. D. W. Freshfield Below the Snow Line London 1923 … ii. 894 n. 3 Zeus Helldnios. J. P. Harland Prehistoric Aigina Paris 1925 pp. 27—29,

1165

ii. 895 n. 1 Zeus Aplu'sios. On the cults of Zeus at Megara—Zeus Olympios (Paus. I. 40. … Flutsage. Stifter des Kultes ist ein aus der Flut geretteter Heros [supra ii. 897 n. 1], … ii. 898. To the mountain-cults of Zeus in Boiotia add that of Zeus Keraibs at

1166

ii. 902 n. 2 Mt Kenaion. N. Pappadakis in 1924 attempted to locate the sanctuary … ii. 903 Akarnania. At Stratos the temple of Zeus occupied a commanding hill-top.

1167

published an inscription which proves that at Stratos in s. ii B.C. slaves were manumitted … ii. 904 n. 1 Zeus Laphystios. N. I. Giannopoulos in the 'Apx- 'Erp. 1925—1926 pp. 183 … ii. 905 n. o. My friend and colleague Mr C. M. Sleeman on Sept. 3, 1926 and again … ii. 906 Mount Tomaros. E. Polaschek in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. vi A. 1697 f.

1168

(supra ii. 693 n. 3). It is probable also that Zeus was worshipped on Mt Tomori near

1171

Christianity and Islam under the Sultans Oxford 1929 ii. 869 Index s.v. Tomor, Mount … ii. 906 n. 3 the stone ship of Agamemnon. W. Dorpfeld Alt-Olympia Berlin 1935

1172

ii. 918 n. 1 Zeus Mllios. See the succinct article by gr. Kruse in Pauly—Wissowa … ii. 918 Mount Kynthos. Three years after the publication of my note the final and … building and a mosaic inscription (supra ii. 919 with fig. 829) of doubtful significance, … Ka/3eip[e]ioj' rb e[Z]s VLvvBov (Inscr. Gr. Deli ii no. 144, A 90) and probably to be identified … ii. 922 Mount Atabyrion. R. Herbig in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch. Arch. Inst. 1928 xliii

1173

to the Crimea (Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2103 b ('Prope Sympheropolin (Akmedschet), hand … ii. 939 n. 1 Mt Juktas as a recumbent face. My friend Mr N. G. L. Hammond … ii. 941 f. n. o. To the references for the tomb of Zeus add Ptol. Hephaist. a/<. Phot. … ii. 946 n. o Zeus Endendros. F. Miller von Gaertringen in Gnomon 1930 vi. 428 cites … ii. 946 ff. n. o Zeus Ve/chdnos. Attempts to connect feXxdvor with Volcanus are still

1174

ii. 951 11. o with fig. 844 the Stroganoff bust of Zeus. O. Waldhauer in Archdologische … ii. 960 n. o contact with Mother Earth. W. Kroll 'Unum exuta pedem—ein volks- … ii. 961 n. o. The cult of Hektor at Thebes in Boiotia (Pans. 9. 18. 5) is handled by … ii. 963 n. o AtoTreTjjs. The word is used in a secondary sense 'struck by lightning' … ii. 970 n. o Agdistis. T. Zielinski La Sibylle Paris 1924 pp. 76—81 distinguishes the … ii. 971 n. 2 Theoi Agrioi. O.Weinreich in the Sitzungsber. d. Heidelb. Akad. d. Wiss.

1176

primarily 'Hunters'—SondergStter in Usener's sense (supra ii. 13 n. t)—who were … ii. 973 n. 1 life-priests of Zeus Solymei'is. F. Schehl in the Jahresh. d. oest. arch. Inst. … ii. 974 n. o festival of Zeus Eleuthirios. Other views in J. N. Svoronos ' TEP- … ii. 977 ff. Mount Argaios. The engineer E. J. Ritter ' Erdjias Dag' in the Zeitschrift

1177

In brief, the coin-type shown supra ii. 979 fig. 862 is here rendered in the round. The … dress {supra ii. 979 fig. 877) can be paralleled by an engraved serpentine of Roman work … ii. 981 n. 1 Mt Kasion in Syria. O. Eissfeldt Baal Zaphon, Zeus Kasios und do … ii. 984 n. 4 Mt Kasion in Egypt. A papyrus at Berlin mentions Zeus Kasios in … ii. 987 n. o anchor inscribed Zeus Kd<ri(o)s Sciffwe]. A 'Campanian' hydria from … ii. 987 n. 1 Zeus Hynnareiis. U. von Wilaniowitz-Mollendorff Der Glaube der … ii. 1017 n. 4 Pegasos as lightning-bearer (?). L. Malten in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch. … Mus. Cat. Coins Lycia, etc. p. 269 f. pi. 41, 10, Hunter Cat. Coins ii. 523 no. 1).

1179

ii. 1024. On the Mandaeans in general see W. Brandt in J. Hastings Encyclopedia … ii. 1025 Erikcpaios. A papyrus of s. iii B.C. found at Gurob addresses 'IpeKciraTye in … ii. 1027. On 'Zeus Schopfer' see J. Amann Die Zcusrede des Ailios Aristeides … des deutschen Aberglaubcns Berlin—Leipzig 1929/1930 ii. 595—644 ('Ei'), especially … figs, (popular), Schrader Reallex.2 ii. I72b—175", L. Curtius in Die Antike 1927 iii. … ii 1044 fig. 893 Helene and Menelaos. See now E. Buschor in Furtwiingler—Reich- … ii. 1046 fig. 896 Eros with thunderbolt and sceptre. Another Roman gem has Eros

1180

ii. 1050 Erotes on early Christian sarcophagi. See now G. Rodenwaldt 'Der Klinen- … ii. 1054 ff. Zeus Ktesios. H. Sjovall Zetis im altgriechischen Hauskult Lund 1931

1181

26>?po[s], cp. Inscr. Gr. Arc. Lac. Mess, ii no. 62 {supra i. 520 a. 2) and W. R. Paton— … ii. 1059 ff. burial in the house. II. J. Rose in the Class. Quart. 1930 xxiv. 130 quotes … ii. 1066 Zeus Kttsios in Thasos. P. Guillon in the Rev. Arch. 1937 i. 195—200 figs. 1 … ii. 1066 Zeus Ktesios at Mylasa. A. W. Persson in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1922 xlvi. … ii. 1069 f. Zeus Agamemnon. I. Harrie 'Zeus Agamemnon in Sparta' in the Archiv … ii. 1070 ff. Zeus Amphidraos. B. Leonardos ''Afupiapelov' in the Apx- 'B0. 1917 … ii. 1072 Zeus amphithaUs. A. Oepke ''AfupiOaAets im griechischen and hellenistischen

1182

ii. 1073 ff. Zeus Trophonios. F. Peeters 'A propos de I'oracle de Trophonios. i. Les … ii. 1075 Demeter Erinys. A. H. Krappe ''EPINTS' in the Rheitt. Mils. 1932 lxxxi. … ii. 1077 f' Zeus Asklepibs. Cp. Galen, irepl avo.TOiJ.iKwv ^yxe'P>Jtre1""' I- 2 224 f- … ii. 1082 metopes from the temple of Asklepios. But K. A. Neugebauer in the Jahrb. … ii. 1082 ff. Asklepios and the Snake. An echo of Asklepios' snake at Epidauros may … nese, etc. p. 144 f. nos. 30—32, McClean Cat. Coins ii. 195 no. 4525 pi. 170, 2) or … ii. 1087. One more effort to find a satisfactory etymology for Asklepids is that of … ii. ioSpff. Telesphoros. G. Seure in the Rev. Arch. 1926 ii. 161 ff. no. 276 fig. 117, A … e. g. in bronze at Amiens (Reinach Rip. Stat. iii. 13 no. 2), Avignon (ii. 470 no. 5),

1183

(ii. 470 no. 4), Treves (iv. 293 no. 3), Troyes (ii. 470 no. 2), in marble at Mantineia … phoros, as Euamerion...in Titane (Paus. II, 11, 7)'), F. M. Heichelheim ' Genii Cucullati' … ii. 1089 Grabphalli. Paus. 8. 34. 2 (near Megalopolis) yrjs X"Ma...e;r/0?7/ia ix°v XWou … ii. 1090 Zeus Hbrios. On Zeus "Opios see also H. J. W. Tillyard in the Ann. Brit. … Abderites to Hadrian as tpaiavCb ' AdpiafU [ 2e/3a<77-ii ZtjW 'E<popiui (G. Bakalakis in … ii. 1095 Kvpfiets. M. Guarducci '"Axones" e "kyrbeis"' in the Rendiconti della … hist. Classe ii. 64 ff. pi. 2 no. 25), E. Schwyzer Dialectorum Graecarum exempla

1184

ii. 1099 n. 2 the altar of Zeus Litaios on coins of Nikaia. On these coins see now … ii. 1103 n. 7 Zeus Sykdsios. H. Vorwahl 'Zum Ursprung des "Feigenblattsin the … ii. 1105 Zeus Meittchios enthroned. A. Plassart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1926 1. 424 … ii. 1114 Zeus Meilichios associated with Helios. S. G. Paraskeuaides in the 'Apx. Et/>. … "HXlov (Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr.'" no. 1212 with n. 2, supra ii. 729 n. o) and uwo … ii. 1124 n. o a goblet inscribed AIOS ZflTHPOZ- Such ypapfiariKa eKTrw/xara … ii. 174—178 (TPAMMATIKA EKflDMATA'). He enumerates sixteen specimens, of … See further C. Picard in the Rev. Arch. 1938 ii. 105—107. … ii. 1132 n. 4 the sceptre of Zeus. Cp. Hes. cat. frag. 123 Kinkel, 103 Rzach, ap.

1186

ii. 1135 n. 4. N. Valmin 'Die Zeus-Stoa in der Agora von Athen' in the K. Human- … (see, however, the suggestions of C. Picard in the Rev. Arch. 1938 ii. 9? f.). An annex … ii. 1137 n. o the basileus about to wear Athena's piffilos(?). Cp. Diod. 1. 14 (each of … ii. 1143. K. A. Neugebauer in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch. Arch. Lnst. 1a.11 xxxvii Arch.

1187

ii. 1146 n. o pyramidal tombs for horses at Agrigentum. C. M. Firth and J. E. Quibell … ii. 1150 tomb-ceiling as mimic sky. Sir A. J. Evans in The Illustrated London News … ii. 1151 Zeus Meillchios at Thespiai, etc. A. Plassart in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1926 … ii. 1153 n- !• See further P. Kretschmer 'Oidipus und Melampus' in Glotta 1923 … ii. 115.5 Zeus Meillchios in Thessaly. Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 145 (Thebae Phthio- … ii. 1156 Zeus Milichios in Samos. E. Premier in the Alh. Mitth. 1924 xlix. 42 no. 9 … ii. 1157 Zeus Meillchios in Kypros. T. B. Mitford in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1937

1188

ii. i r 5S Zeus MeiUchios at Kyrene. U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff in Hermes 1930 … ii. 1158 Zeus MeiUchios at Selinous. K. Lehmann-Hartleben in the Jahrb. d.

1189

ii. 1158 Zeus MeiUchios at Pompeii. For a description of his temple in Reg. viii. … ii. 1159 n- 1. On the names Adfi/ios, Adjos, and the like see H. Krahe Die alien … ii. 1160 ff. Zeus Philios. See H. Sjovall Zeus im altgruchischen Hatiskult Lund 1931 … ii. 1161 ff. Zeus Philios at Athens. Gabriel Welter 'Fine Weihung an Zeus Philios' … ii. 1163 n. 6. H, J. Rose 'The Bride of Hades' in Classical Philology 1925 xx. 238— … ii. 1167 f. Diotima's rftfi Kai l-jroTTTiKa. A. M. Desrousseaux ' Plutarque, Mor. 382cd' … ii. 1176 n. 4 Zeus Ephislios. See now H. Sjovall Zeus im altgriechischen Hauskult

1191

ii. 1179 ff. Trajan and Zeus Philios at Pergamon. VV. H. Buckler 'Auguste, Zeus … ii. 2. 695—698 no. 6 pi. 87, G. Hirschfeld in The Collection of Ancient Greek Inscriptions … ii. 1187 n. o fig. 990 Zeus Nimeios at Alexandreia. His wreath is probably of oak- … ii. 1187 n. 4. D. M. Robinson at Olynthos found Bottiaean pottery of quasi-Aegean … ii. 1191 Olympic contests at Daphne. A bronze statuette (height 6 inches) now in the … ii. 1194 emperors wearing the aigis. J. Arneth Mouumeule des K. K. Miinz- und … ii. 1197 n. 3. To the bibliography of Antiocheia add E. S. Bouchier A short History

1192

id. in the Rev. Arch. 1925 ii. 49 n. 1. C. Picard in the Rev. Et. Gr. 1930 xliii. 136 still … ii. 1219 the Milky Way conceived as a tree. U. Holmberg in J. A. MacCullocli … ii. 1221 the axe from Mallia. J. Charbonneaux in the Mon. Piot 1925—1926 xxviii. … ii. 1221 fig. 1015 relief of lictors' axes. For similar reliefs see Stuart Jones Cat. Sculpt. … ii. 1221 carvings in amber. Other examples (human and simian figures from Vetulonia) … ii. 1228 Zeus Telesiourgds at Miletos. K. Latte 'Zeus 'te\etxiovpy6s' in Philologus … ii. 1229 relief of Agdistis and Attis. A Hellenistic relief (height o-6im), found in the … ' Geryon' in the Gaz. Arch. 1880 vi. 136—138 pi. 22 = Keinach Rip. Stat. ii. 26 no. 7,

1194

(so O. Gilbert Gescliichle und Topographic der Stadt Rom im Allertum Leipzig iSSji ii.

1197

given by the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. Inst. 1890 v Arch. Anz. p. 5 no. II. Hut

Corrigenda

1198

i. 236 n. 10. For ' Li ban. or. ii' read ' Liban. or. li.' … i. 882. For 'Svoronos, J. II. (cont.)' read 'Svoronos, J. N. (eont.).'

1199

ii. 1323 s.v. Syria. The last entry 'Sun, Moon, and Morning-Star in folk-tale from … iii. 400 n. 2. For 'Gabrici' read 'Gabrici,' and so on p. xxi of vol. ii.

1200

Supra ii. 571 n. 6.

Index I: Persons – Places – Festivals

1205

Gods 1055 II. leaning on archaistic

1210

brating Thesmophoria called /ii\t-

1217

i. 2821; 2823, ii. 147, 4204)) 903n … In relation to Zeus 949 II.

1220

Etymology: 737 (cp. ii. 793) 867

1227

Hieros Gamos 1047 See also Index II

1237

Eileithyiai 668 Pandion ii 783x Zeus … -tomb of Pandion ii at 783j wild-

1243

Pandion ii, s. of Kekrops ii

1245

Me7riX7; Beds 2020 Kore !I/)ii>7-o76><>/

1256

Underworld See Index II

Index II: Subjets – Authorities

1265

INDEX II

1266

Index II

1268

Index II

1270

Index II

1272

Index II

1274

Index II

1276

Index II

1277

s. v B.C. scarce 7(i(i f. lioness-head from … types 853 if. in pediment 769 862 II. of

1278

Index II … wheat 3U00 <s> of Pandion ii at Megara

1280

Index II … Kaiser Wilhelm ii. 8459

1282

Index II

1284

Index II

1286

Index II

1288

Index II

1289

(Santnri)ii) 284 in the cult of Zeus

1290

Index II

1292

Index II

1294

Index II

1295

Delos 1172 of Pandion ii at Megara

1296

Index II

1298

Index II

OCR fulltext

Information about OCR text

Addenda

1141

ii. 587 n. 7. C. Picard in the Revue de riiistoirc des religions 1926 xciii. 73 n. 2
doubts the equation TriXeuvs = balag, citing C. Autran 'La Grece et l'Orient ancien' in
Babyloniaca 1924 viii. 185 n. 1 ('balag dont le sens probable est bien plutot de lyre, ou
harpe'), id. Sume'rien et Indo-europien Paris 1925 p. iv n. 1. Further literature on this
disputed question is noted by A. Nehring 'Studien zur indogermanischen Kultur und
Urheimat' in the Wiener Beitriige zur Ktdturgeschichte und Linguistik 1936 iv. 31 n. 11.

ii. 594 pectoral ornament (?). In favour of such a TrpoffTijOidiov see also W. Miiller in
the Rom. Mitth. 1919 xxxir. 93 ff., C. Picard Ephese et Claros Paris 1922 p. 529 ff., id.
in the Revue de Phistoire des religions 1926 xciii. 73 n. 1, and especially G. Furlani
'Ornamenti astrali e corazze di dei dell' Asia anteriore antica' in Studi e materiali di
storia delle religioni 1931 vii. 43 ff.

ii. 594 the temple of Athena Alia. C. Dugas—J. Berchmans—M. Clemmensen Le
sanctuaire d'Alia Athtna a Te'gie au iv6 siecle Paris 1924 i. 1—144 with 41 figs, and
ii Atlas of 116 pis.

ii. 600f. The double axe and the Labyrinth. R. Ganszyniec 'Labrys' in Pauly—
Wissowa Real-Ene. xii. 286—307 gives a well-arranged and interesting survey of the
facts. Humborg ib. xii. 314 f. and G. Karo ib. xii. 321 deal with Xd/Spus and Xa/3t}pti*c9os.
G. Dumezil 'AABPT2' in the Journal asiatique 1929 ccxv. 237—252 derives Xd/3pus and
its congeners ('Tasianique et egeen Xa/3pu-, Xa/3up-, Xa/Sp-') from a pre-Greek word which
he connects witli the classical and modern Georgian lahvari, 'lance.' Early Georgian
lances, preserved in churches and museums, have a bifurcated blade. In Mingrelia they
are regularly taken to be the arms of St George, who mounted on horseback attacks
evil spirits issuing from the sea with his double lance (' il leur porte des coups avec sa
lance; chacun de ces coups s'accompagne du tonnerre que nous entendons, et fait jaillir
des etincelles, qui sont l'eclair'). Dumezil views the double lance lahvari as the lineal
successor of the double axe Xd/Spus, the essential point being its twofold blade ('force
redoublee? perfection? union des sexes?')—a convincing conclusion. PI. Giintert 'Laby-
rinth. Eine sprachwissenschaftliche Untersuchung' in the Sitzungsber. d. Heidelb. Akad.
d. Wiss. Phil.-hist. Classe 1932/3 Abh. i. 1—49 would relate AapupipOos to Xa/as 'stone,'
and takes ~\&f3pvs as 'Steinbeil.' But his contentions are traversed by P. Kretschmer in
Glotta 1934 xxii. 252 f. ('Diese Etymologie scheitert daran, dass AafSijpivdos, XdjSpus,
Aafipavvdos immer nur mit f3, \apas dagegen nur mit v bezeugt ist, die Bed. " Stein" an
die Form mit v gekniipft ist'). See further C. Picard ' Les origines du Labyrinthe' in the
Rev. Arch. 1939 i. 264^

ii. 601. H. J. Rose in The Hibbert Journal 1927 xxv. 380 thinks that I am here
confusing the Quinquennalia of Maxentius, i.e. the celebration of the fifth year of his
reign, with the quinquennial agon Capitolinus of Domitian, which had ceased to exist
centuries before Maxentius was born. But the Quinquennalia of Maxentius would have
fallen in 311, not 312. Also, Lactantius states that the Quinquennalia in question were
ending and that Maxentius' day had not yet come. He is probably alluding to the ludi
Capitolini, which were still being held (G. Wissowa in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Ene. iii.
1528, L. C. Purser in Smith—Wayte—Slarindin Diet. Ant. ii. 86). I adhere therefore
to my view as expressed in the text.

ii. 607 E. Conybeare's suggestion that the labarum was derived from the la'brys. The
same solution of the problem was reached independently by E. Harrison, who however—
so far as I know—did not publish it.

H. Gregoire 'L'etymologie de "Labarum"' in Byzantion 1927—1928 iv. 477—482
comes to the following conclusion: ' La laurea en or qui enferme le Chrisme est l'element
caracteristique du sublime etendard decore en outre des images lauries des pieux em-
peieurs. De meme qu'on disait le dragon ou Vaigle, draco, aquila, pour l'etendard
surmonte du dragon ou de l'aigle, on a du qualifier le nouveau vexillum a la couronne
d'un nom derive de laurea. Et, de meme que le labarum n'est qu'une variante du
lauraium, laureum n'est qu'une variante de laureatum.'

ii. 613 the hidden meaning of knife or double axe. R. Eisler drew my attention
(Oct. 14, 1908) to the small axe received by the Essenes when admitted to the order
(Ioseph. de bell. Iud. 2. 8. 9 rais 8' aXXais rjp.(pa^ fibdpov dpvauovTa fSddos ttoSkuoc ttj
(TKaXfSt, tolovtov yap ecri to oibbp.tvov vir' avTwv 6.^lvl5lov rots veoavararois, kcli irepiKokv^p-
avTes doLfiartov, cos p.7) rds avyas vfiplgoiev rod deou, OaKebovaiv ets avrbv. k.t.X.).

ii. 613 Simias' poem on the axe of Epeios. W. Deonna 'Les "poemes figures'" in the
Revue de philologie de littirature et d'histoire anciennes 1926 1. 187—193 ('II s'agit d'un
procede instinctif et universel, ancien et moderne, europeen ou oriental, qui n'a qu'une
intention: resumer en quelque sorte par une image le sens du texte ecrit, donner de

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