Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits) (Cambridge, 1940)

Addenda

1177

I take this opportunity of publishing two small bronzes illustrative of the cult on
Mt Argaios. They were obtained from a Greek refugee formerly resident in Kaiserieh
and are now in my collection. The one is a tiny model of the mountain with a dis-
proportionately large eagle perched on the top of it (fig. 917: height 2 inches). There
is some indication of the aigidlles near the summit, also of streams descending from the
snows, of a cavern high up in front, of two foothills (? breasts of the mountain-mother), etc.
In brief, the coin-type shown supra ii. 979 fig. 862 is here rendered in the round. The
other little bronze (fig. 918: height i\ inches) represents an eagle on a pillar, the top of
which is shaped like a cone and decorated with six leaves. The waist has a band round it.
The base is patterned with crisscross lines and rests on a square plinth. Akin to these
diminutive exvotos is a bronze (height o'ts"1) in the Louvre, assigned to the latter half
of the second millennium B.C., which figures an eagle perched proudly on the antlers of a
stag {Encyclopedicphotographiqut de Part v. 292 fig. c with text by Mile Ratten).

The coin-type of Tranquillina as Tyche of Kaisareia wearing Mt Argaios as a head-
dress {supra ii. 979 fig. 877) can be paralleled by an engraved serpentine of Roman work
c. 250 a.d., which has on one side a solar charioteer in his quadriga, on the other the
veiled head of Kaisareia in profile to the right with Mt Argaios as a crown and the
inscription EVTVXI BOKONTI ivrbx{A<- BoKbvn(e) {Brit. A/us. Cat. Gems- p. 179
no. 1663 pi. 22). Another rare coin-type of Kaisareia shows Zeus standing with a
kdlathos on his head and Mt Argaios in his left hand (F. Lenormant in Daremberg—
Saglio Diet. Ant. iii. 1996 fig. 5140 after Mionnet Descr. de mid. ant. iv. 432 no. 178
Alexander Severus (' Serapis'), id. Suppl. vii. 742 pi. 13, 4 ( = my fig. 919)).

ii. 981 n. 1 Mt Kasion in Syria. O. Eissfeldt Baal Zaphon, Zeus Kasios und do
Durchzug der Israelite!! durchs Meer Halle (Saale) 1932 pp. 1—72 with sketch at begin-
ning and map at end, especially p. 30 ff. ('Zeus Kasios')—reviewed by G. Bertram in
Gnomon 1933 ix. 554 f., by F. Notscher in the Wiener Zeiischrift fiir die Kuiuie des
Morgenlandes 1933 xl. 140?., and by A. Wendel in the Orientalistische Literaturzeituug
1934 xxxvii. 105 f.—holds that the Semitic Baal Zaphon became by interpreiatio Graeca
Zeus Kasios both in Syria and in Egypt, where his rescue of the Israelites was attributed
to Jahwe.

ii. 984 n. 4 Mt Kasion in Egypt. A papyrus at Berlin mentions Zeus Kasios in
s. ii a.i). {Agyptische Urkunden aus den Museen zu Berlin Berlin 1903 iii. 142 no. 827,
2 f. (P. 7150) to TrpoaKuvT)/j.d gov rrapa rui At ru) Kao-lip, F. Preisigke Wbrterbuck der
griechischen Papyrusurkuiidcn Berlin 1931 iii. 388).

ii. 987 n. o anchor inscribed Zeus Kd<ri(o)s Sciffwe]. A 'Campanian' hydria from
S. Maria di Capua, now at Karlsruhe, represents a scene of departure, in which a young
man bids farewell to a woman and is about to step on board his ship. The stern of the
vessel has, not only an &tp\aarop adorned with light and dark fillets, but also a oti'Wkos
set on the steersman's seat and labelled l[EjY2I SI/TTHP (Winnefeld Vasensamml.
Karlsruhe p. 83 f. no. 350, dated by F. von Duhn in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch.
Inst. 1888 iii. 229 ff. c. 300 B.C., H. Diels 'Das Aphlaston der antiken Schiffe' in the
Zeitschrift des Vereins fiir Volkskunde 1915 xxv. 69 fig. 4, L. Deubner in the Jahrb. d.
Deutsch. Arch. Inst, igiy xlii. 180 ff. fig. 12).

ii. 987 n. 1 Zeus Hynnareiis. U. von Wilaniowitz-Mollendorff Der Glaube der
llellenen Berlin 1931 i. 127 n. 3: ' Wer Hesiod mit AlyeXov das kretische 'Tvvapiov
wiedergeben lasst, traut ihm eine verwunderliche Sprachkenntnis zu.'

ii. 1012 n. 1. Similar tales in C. F. Cox well Siberian and other Folk-Tales London
1933 p. 414 ('Three Sisters') and pp. 540—552 ('The Story of a Wise Maiden').

ii. 1015 n. 8. The Moliones as figured by a Boeotian fibula from the Idaean Cave
and by a geometric sherd from the Argive Heraion have one body, but two heads, four
arms, and four legs (C. Blinkenberg Fibules grecques el orientates (Del Kgl. Danske
Videnskabcrnes Selskab. Historisk-filologiske Meddelelser xiii. 1) K^benhavn 1926 p. 163 ff.
figs. 197, 198). See also O. Weinreich in the Archiv f. Rel. 1925 xxiii. 63 f.

ii. 1017 n. 4 Pegasos as lightning-bearer (?). L. Malten in the Jahrb. d. Deutsch.
Arch. Inst. 1925 xl. 15J fig. 63 adduces bronze coins of Termessos with olw. head of
Zeus, rev. forepart of bridled horse galloping with winged thunderbolt behind {Brit.
Mus. Cat. Coins Lycia, etc. p. 269 f. pi. 41, 10, Hunter Cat. Coins ii. 523 no. 1).

ii. 1021 Nyx in the Orphic theogony. W. K. C. Guthrie Orpheus and Greek Religion
Cambridge 1935 p. 103 notes Aristot. met. 1071 1) 26 f. oi #60X6701 ol ex Nuktos yevvwvrts
and ib. 1091 b 4 ff. ol 5e Trot-oral ol apxaloi ravrr] 6/j.olws, rj fiaaCktv'eiv Kal dpx^t-v (paalv ov
rods Trpuirovs, olov Ni'/cra Kal Ovpavbv r} Xdos r) 'ilKcavbv, dXXd rbv Ala with Alex. Aphrod.
ad loc. (p. 821, 10 ff. Hayduck) aivlrrerai bi rbv 'Opqiia' Kal oStos yap <j>-naiv Sri rb