D'Ooge, Martin L.: The Acropolis of Athens (New York, 1908)

37Q THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS

was to make it the centre of the worship of Athena. This function
was fulfilled by the Erechtheum. It was this temple, the work of
the conservative party desirous of restoring the old temple, that became
the shrine of the venerated image of Athena Polias. And when
this image had been removed to it this new temple received the
name of " the old temple of Athena Polias" as an inheritance from
the old Hecatompedon which was then torn down. Furtwangler,
in an article published in the Sitzuwgsberichte d. Kgl. Bayr, Akad.
der Wiss. 1904, comments upon Dorpfeld's recent theory of the
original plan of the Erechtheum (A.M. 1904, p. 101) according to
which the Erechtheum was designed to be a symmetrical building
(see p. 212), and holds that if this theory be accepted this structure
must be regarded as a double temple, having a cella at the west
end corresponding to the east cella. This double temple can be
no other than that dedicated to the common worship of Athena
and of Poseidon-Erechtheus. This view of the original plan of the
Erechtheum, in the opinion of Furtwangler, goes to confirm the view
of Michaelis (Jahrb. d. k. d. Arch. Inst. 1902, p. 1) that the old temple
discovered by Dorpfeld, the Hekatompedon, is a structure of the sixth
century and is to be distinguished from the o.pya.10% v€<iis, which he
holds to be the ancient predecessor of the Erechtheum as a double
sanctuary of Athena and Poseidon-Erechtheus.

3. F. C. Penrose, Journal of Hellenic Studies, 1891, p. 275, and
1892, p. 32, regards Dorpfeld's old temple as the sanctuary of Cecrops,
the Cecropium, and makes it an Ionic Octastyle temple with sixteen
columns on the flanks. To this conclusion- he is led by the existence
of certain architectural fragments of the Ionic style. The archi-
tectural fragments found in the north wall of the Acropolis Penrose
thinks belonged to a temple which preceded the Parthenon on the
same site, and not to the archaic temple discovered by Dorpfeld.
For a discussion of Dr. Penrose's view, see Dorpfeld, A.M. xvii.
p. 158; cf. also Fowler, A.J.A. viii. (1893) p. 16.

4. H. G. Lolling, Topogr. Muller's Handb. iii. p. 347.

Lolling believes that the old temple was the house of Erechtheus
and the temple of Athena, that it was provisionally restored after
the Persian war, but that it was succeeded by the Erechtheum, in
the east cella of which was the shrine of Athena Polias. In the
AcXtiov, 1890, p. 92, Lolling published a newly found inscription
belonging to the first quarter of the fifth century B.C. which is of
prime importance for the history of the old temple. This inscription
(C.I.A. iv. 1, p. 138, 18, 10) is discussed by Dorpfeld, A.M. xv. p. 42°'