MONUMENT OF PHILOPAFPUS.

459

On the basement, under the central statue, is sculptured in high
relief the quadriga of a triumphal general, bearing much resemblance
to that in the interior of the arch of Titus at Eome. Behind the car,
beneath the pilaster on the left of the central statue, stands a single
figure having the appearance of a barbarian prisoner. There were, no
doubt, other figures to the west of this, which hare vanished with this
part of the building itself. They probably represented, as M. Breton
conjectures, other prisoners following the car of the victor. On the
other or eastern side, as appears from Stuart's engraving, which repre-
sents the monument in a considerably more perfect state than at present,
is a person leading the horses, while another, under the east pilaster,
precedes the car on foot, and forms a pendant to the prisoner under the
western pilaster. In the eastern compartment of the basement, under
the statue of Antiochus, are five more figures which face the spectator,
and seem intended for persons viewing the triumph. It should be
added that at the top of the still extant pilaster on the right hand of
the statue of Philopappus of Besa is the following Latin inscription :
C(aius) JuUcs C(aii) F(ilius) Fab . Antiochus . Philopappus . Cos.
Frater . Arvalis . Electus . Inter .Prjetorios . ab . Imp . Gesare . Nerva .
Trajano . Optumo . Germanico . Dacico. And on the left one, in the time
of Ciriaco,1 the following one in Greek: BacrtXevs 'Ajtioi^o? <&t\o7ra7r7ro?,
Baa-t\e&>? 'K-n-i(f>dvov<;, tov 'Avricrxpv.

"We take from Leake's work on the ' Topography of Athens' the fol-
lowing explanation of the monument (App. viii.): "We learn from
Josephus that in the fourth year of Vespasian (a.d. 72) Samosata, the
capital of Commagene, was taken by Paetus, whom Vespasian had left
in the government of Syria. Antiochus, the King of Commagene,
retired to Cilicia with his wife and daughter, but his two sons, Epiphanes
and Callinicus, held out for a short time in arms, and even engaged
successfully in action with the Bomans, but at length, having been
deserted by their soldiers, they crossed the Euphrates into the territory
of Vologeses, King of Parthia. Vespasian showed no resentment against
them, but permitted both the father and sons to proceed to Borne,

1 n\>. Leake, vol. i. p. ii)4.