British Museum <London> [Hrsg.]: Elgin and Phigaleian Marbles (Band 1) (London, 1833)

72 THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

some instances, in the hypsethral temples, it was, as
the name implies, left open to the sky.

The simplest form of the rectangular temple was
that in which the two side walls were carried out from
the naos to form the porch at one or both extremities
of the building. These projecting walls were termi-
nated on the front or on both faces of the building by
pilasters, which thus situated, were called antas; and
hence this kind of temple was said to be in antis.
When columns were placed at one extremity of the
building, in advance of the line joining the antffi, the
temple was said to be prostyle. If columns were
placed in a similar way at both extremities of the
building, it was said to be am/phi-prostyle. A tem-
ple having columns entirely surrounding the walls
was called peripteral. When the exterior ofa temple
was not surrounded by a peristyle or colonnade, the
temple was said to be apteral. A temple was of the
kind called dipteral, when it had two ranges of
columns resting on the pavement, and entirely sur-
rounding the naos. When there were two rows of
columns in front and rear, and only a single row on
each flank, the temple was said to be pseudo-dipteral
A temple was called hypathral when it had a row
of columns in the interior at some distance from each
of the four walls. Hypaathral temples being those ot
the greatest magnitude, had generally the double
range of columns surrounding the naos on the • exte-
rior, and contained in their interior two tiers or orders
of columns, placed one above another*. The walks
round the exterior of the body of the temples were
called pteromata.

Vitruvius says, "If there were nothing to prevent
it, and the use of the edifice allowed it, the temple
was to have such an aspect that the statue in the cell

* As in ihe temple at Pcestum.