Falkener, Edward: Ephesus and the temple of Diana (London, 1862)

OF THE DIFFERENT BUILDINGS OF THE CITY. 81

of war.1 But what principally tended to inspire
new ardour, was to see Agesilaus, followed by his
soldiers, issuing from the gymnasia (ewro rCov yuixvaa-icov)
crowned with garlands, proceeding to the temple of
Diana, to offer them to the goddess."

I should therefore suppose, although there were
several gymnasia in Ephesus, that their uses might
have been different, that they were not all provided
with baths and places of exercise, or that some
possibly had fallen into desuetude, so that in
Strabo's time the only one which combined all the
requisites of a gymnasium, or the only one which
then continued in perfect operation, Avas the one
which he describes ; or else, as Dr. Pococke sup-
poses, that the gymnasium which he refers to was
a recent building, and occupied the site of some
earlier building, devoted to a different purpose.

Finding gymnasia near each of the principal
public buildings, I have considered that such a
position could not have been one of chance, and
therefore have called them by such localities ; as
the Gymnasium of the Theatre, the Gymnasium of
the Stadium, and the Gymnasium of the Agora :

1 Plutarch (in Marcel. 21) remarks that previous to the removal
by Marcellus of the statues aud paintings of Syracuse to Rome, that
city was destitute of all works of the fine arts, and might have been
called the Temple of frowning Mars. It is in the same manner that
Xenophon describes Ephesus as the Workshop of War, (UoXi/jou
ipyd&rfipiov,) and that Epaminondas called Boeotia the Orchestra of
Mars.

M