DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.47495#0079
Type 3
55
Fabric, (analysed nos. 43 and 47)
Visual characteristics
While the fabric of the amphorae is not entirely homogeneous, it is definitely less varied than that of the
amphorae from Rhodes and Kos. There are two groups among the amphorae of the Agora.
1. Knidian Fabric A, Hard, slightly rough fabric. The frequency of the inclusions is common with moderate
sorting. Their size varies between 0.05 and 0.5 mms. In addition to quartz with occasional limestone grains,
there are reddish iron-oxide and dark grey inclusions, nos. 38, 39, 40, 41,43, 45, 46 and 47.
2. Knidian Fabric B, Hard, slightly rough fabric. There are a few brown, some white inclusions and voids, nos.
37, 42 and 44.
Petrology
Samples: nos. 43 and 47
Matrix: Optically inactive groundmass.
Temper: The temper grains are fine to medium grained (average 0.1mm, max: 0.45 mm) and poorly sorted. The sample shows
only natural temper. Dominated by monocrystalline quartz, chert, moulds of former carbonates and iron oxide concretions,
moderate alkali feldspars and muscovite, rare carbonate grains, very rare polycrystalline quartz, oxidised mica, siltstone/sand-
stone and crystalline rock fragments, very rare plagioclase, non-reabsorbed paste fragments, and heavy minerals. The lithic
fragments consist mainly of phyllite, partly? anchimetamorphic sandstone to siltstone and chert. Rare are calcareous sandstone,
limestone (sparite), oxidised serpentine, and colourless volcanic ash fragments.
The heavy mineral assemblage (arithmetic mean of two samples) consists of chromium spinel (58%), zircon (11%), rutile (8%),
hornblende (4%), diallage (4%), garnet (3%), titanite (2%), disthene (2%), epidote/zoisite (2%), diopsidic clinopyroxene (2%),
unidentified grains (2%), augitic clinopyroxene (1%) and brookite/anatase (1%).
Comment: Both samples are very similar. Typical is the abundance of phyllitic rock fragments and a heavy mineral composition
dominated by chromium spinel. A “Knidian” provenance is very likely, possibly from the western part of the Istmus of Datga.
It seems to be very similar to Fabric Class 1 described by Whitbread 1995, 73 f., geological map.
R .S.
Catalogue
Tetragonos Agora
37. Base fr., 95/025 (91), Trench 95/2—III, BD = 6 cm,
H = 7.6 cm, yellowish red (5YR 5/6), PLATES 4, 59
38. Rim, neck, handle fr., 89/018 (1675), Trench 89/2,
D = 14 cm, V = 0.9 cm, HD =1.1 cm, H = 8.3 cm, red
(2.5YR 4/8), PLATES 4, 59
39. Rim, neck, handle fr., 89/016 (1674), Trench 89/2,
D = 14 cm, V = 1 cm, HD = 1 cm, H = 6.3 cm, light red
(2.5YR 6/6), PLATES 4, 59
40. Neck, handle fr., 98/107 (1292), Trench 98/1, Stamp: palm
leaf, H = 5.9 cm, S = 2x4 cm, red (10R 5/6), PLATES 4, 59
41. Rim, neck, handle fr., 96/047 (261), Trench 96/1, D = 11.5 cm,
V = 1.2 cm, HD = 1.2 cm, H = 32.1 cm, S = 2.1x3.6 cm,
reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4), SF: red (10R 5/8), PLATES 4, 59
42. Base fr., 89/015 (314), Trench 89/2, BD = 4.3 cm, H = 7.3 cm,
reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), SF: light red (10R 6/8), PLATES
5,59
43. Handle fr., 93/040 (1261), Trench 93/2, Stamp: bull's head,
H = 8 cm, S = 2.7x4.5 cm, light red - red (between 2.5YR
6/6 and 5/6); PLATES 5, 59
44. Base fr., 87/008 (1147), Trench 87/2, BD = 6.5 cm, H -
8.5 cm, reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), SF: grey (10YR 6/1),
PLATES 5, 59
45. Base fr., 87/009 (1151), Trench 87/2, BD = 5.2 cm, H = 9
cm, red (2.5YR 5/6), PLATES 5, 59
46. Base fr., 95/161 (156), Trench 95/1, BD = 5.1 cm, H = 7.4
cm, light red (2.5YR 6/6), PLATES 5, 60
47. Handle fr., 99/063 (1271), R-sewer, Stamp: Bunch of
grapes?, H = 5.5 cm, light red - red (between 2.5YR 6/6
and 5/6); PLATES 5, 60
Terrace House 2
507. Base, 99/257 (602), AB9, Stray find, DF = 8 cm, H = 9.3 cm,
reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), PLATES 38, 85
508. Handle, 99/309 (219), WT 2 Stone-cutting saw, Stamp:
Etu Exico..., H = 12.8 cm, S = 4.4x3 cm, reddish yellow
(5YR 6/6), PLATES 38, 85
509. Handle, 99/570 (351), C3, Stairway 3, H = 8 cm, S -
4.1x2.1 cm, yellowish red (5YR 5/6), surface: pink (5YR
7/4), PLATES 38, 85
Magnesian Gate
701. Base fr., MT 99/1-1, H = 10.3 cm, DF = 4.9 cm, yellowish
red (5YR 5/6), PLATES 51, 95
702. Base fr., MT 99/1-2, H = 7.5 cm, DF = 4.7 cm, reddish
yellow - red (5 YR 6/6 - 2.5YR 5/6), PLATES 51, 95
55
Fabric, (analysed nos. 43 and 47)
Visual characteristics
While the fabric of the amphorae is not entirely homogeneous, it is definitely less varied than that of the
amphorae from Rhodes and Kos. There are two groups among the amphorae of the Agora.
1. Knidian Fabric A, Hard, slightly rough fabric. The frequency of the inclusions is common with moderate
sorting. Their size varies between 0.05 and 0.5 mms. In addition to quartz with occasional limestone grains,
there are reddish iron-oxide and dark grey inclusions, nos. 38, 39, 40, 41,43, 45, 46 and 47.
2. Knidian Fabric B, Hard, slightly rough fabric. There are a few brown, some white inclusions and voids, nos.
37, 42 and 44.
Petrology
Samples: nos. 43 and 47
Matrix: Optically inactive groundmass.
Temper: The temper grains are fine to medium grained (average 0.1mm, max: 0.45 mm) and poorly sorted. The sample shows
only natural temper. Dominated by monocrystalline quartz, chert, moulds of former carbonates and iron oxide concretions,
moderate alkali feldspars and muscovite, rare carbonate grains, very rare polycrystalline quartz, oxidised mica, siltstone/sand-
stone and crystalline rock fragments, very rare plagioclase, non-reabsorbed paste fragments, and heavy minerals. The lithic
fragments consist mainly of phyllite, partly? anchimetamorphic sandstone to siltstone and chert. Rare are calcareous sandstone,
limestone (sparite), oxidised serpentine, and colourless volcanic ash fragments.
The heavy mineral assemblage (arithmetic mean of two samples) consists of chromium spinel (58%), zircon (11%), rutile (8%),
hornblende (4%), diallage (4%), garnet (3%), titanite (2%), disthene (2%), epidote/zoisite (2%), diopsidic clinopyroxene (2%),
unidentified grains (2%), augitic clinopyroxene (1%) and brookite/anatase (1%).
Comment: Both samples are very similar. Typical is the abundance of phyllitic rock fragments and a heavy mineral composition
dominated by chromium spinel. A “Knidian” provenance is very likely, possibly from the western part of the Istmus of Datga.
It seems to be very similar to Fabric Class 1 described by Whitbread 1995, 73 f., geological map.
R .S.
Catalogue
Tetragonos Agora
37. Base fr., 95/025 (91), Trench 95/2—III, BD = 6 cm,
H = 7.6 cm, yellowish red (5YR 5/6), PLATES 4, 59
38. Rim, neck, handle fr., 89/018 (1675), Trench 89/2,
D = 14 cm, V = 0.9 cm, HD =1.1 cm, H = 8.3 cm, red
(2.5YR 4/8), PLATES 4, 59
39. Rim, neck, handle fr., 89/016 (1674), Trench 89/2,
D = 14 cm, V = 1 cm, HD = 1 cm, H = 6.3 cm, light red
(2.5YR 6/6), PLATES 4, 59
40. Neck, handle fr., 98/107 (1292), Trench 98/1, Stamp: palm
leaf, H = 5.9 cm, S = 2x4 cm, red (10R 5/6), PLATES 4, 59
41. Rim, neck, handle fr., 96/047 (261), Trench 96/1, D = 11.5 cm,
V = 1.2 cm, HD = 1.2 cm, H = 32.1 cm, S = 2.1x3.6 cm,
reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4), SF: red (10R 5/8), PLATES 4, 59
42. Base fr., 89/015 (314), Trench 89/2, BD = 4.3 cm, H = 7.3 cm,
reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), SF: light red (10R 6/8), PLATES
5,59
43. Handle fr., 93/040 (1261), Trench 93/2, Stamp: bull's head,
H = 8 cm, S = 2.7x4.5 cm, light red - red (between 2.5YR
6/6 and 5/6); PLATES 5, 59
44. Base fr., 87/008 (1147), Trench 87/2, BD = 6.5 cm, H -
8.5 cm, reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), SF: grey (10YR 6/1),
PLATES 5, 59
45. Base fr., 87/009 (1151), Trench 87/2, BD = 5.2 cm, H = 9
cm, red (2.5YR 5/6), PLATES 5, 59
46. Base fr., 95/161 (156), Trench 95/1, BD = 5.1 cm, H = 7.4
cm, light red (2.5YR 6/6), PLATES 5, 60
47. Handle fr., 99/063 (1271), R-sewer, Stamp: Bunch of
grapes?, H = 5.5 cm, light red - red (between 2.5YR 6/6
and 5/6); PLATES 5, 60
Terrace House 2
507. Base, 99/257 (602), AB9, Stray find, DF = 8 cm, H = 9.3 cm,
reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), PLATES 38, 85
508. Handle, 99/309 (219), WT 2 Stone-cutting saw, Stamp:
Etu Exico..., H = 12.8 cm, S = 4.4x3 cm, reddish yellow
(5YR 6/6), PLATES 38, 85
509. Handle, 99/570 (351), C3, Stairway 3, H = 8 cm, S -
4.1x2.1 cm, yellowish red (5YR 5/6), surface: pink (5YR
7/4), PLATES 38, 85
Magnesian Gate
701. Base fr., MT 99/1-1, H = 10.3 cm, DF = 4.9 cm, yellowish
red (5YR 5/6), PLATES 51, 95
702. Base fr., MT 99/1-2, H = 7.5 cm, DF = 4.7 cm, reddish
yellow - red (5 YR 6/6 - 2.5YR 5/6), PLATES 51, 95
