Head, Barclay V.: Historia numorum: a manual of Greek numismatics (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1887)

552

LYDIA.

cistophori (tetradrachms and drachms) of the usual types, with the
letters NY or NYZA in the field, and bearing the dates IE and KT (15
and 23) of the era of the Province of Asia reckoned from B. c. 133.
The autonomous bronze coins range from circ. B. c. 280 to Roman
times. Inscr., NYZAEflN. Types—Heads of young Dionysos; Hades
and Kore jugate; and of Eirene, with legend EIPHNH, rev. Dionysos
standing ; Rape of Persephone ; Apollo standing, etc.
Imperial — Augustus to Gallienus. Inscr., NYCAEC1N. Magistrates
without titles or with those of rPA[MMATEYC] or IEPEYC. Divinities—
Zeus nAOYTOAOTHC (Eckhel, ii. 587), Apollo TIATPHOC, KOPH,
AIONYCOC, KAMAPEITHC, an epithet of the god Mpr, clearly connected
with the Phoenician Qamar (Arabic J-Ls), the Moon, who is represented
either standing holding patera and sceptre, or seated sideways on a
horse. AOYMBPOC, the Oekist, EIPHNH, CYNKAHTOC, IEPA CYNKAH-
TOC, etc. A bull borne to the sacrifice on the shoulders of six naked
ephebi, an interesting type which is explained by a passage of Strabo
(xiv. 1. 44), as a sacrifice celebrated annually in honour of Pluto at the
village of Acharaca neai’ Nysa, where stood the Plutonium. Dionysos as
an infant seated in a cornucopiae. This god is said by Apollodorus (iii.
4. 3) to have been brought to Nysa by Hermes soon after his birth.
Games— 0EOTAMIA 01 KOYMENlKA, or the Epithalamia of Hades and
Persephone.
Alliance coins with Ancyra and Ephesus.
Philadelphia, one of the most important cities of Lydia, was founded
by Attalus Philadelphos. It stood on the north-west side of Mount
Tmolus, near the river Cogamus. Autonomous bronze of the second
and first centuries b.c. Inscr., $1 AAAEA<t>E<ON, Bust of Artemis; rev.
Apollo seated or standing with lyre. Magistrate—APXIEPEYZ. Imperial,
with head of AHMOC, IEPA CYNKAHTOC, or the Emperor—Augustus to
Valerian. Inscr., <t>lAAAEA0EI1N or <t>AABI. <t>lAAAEA0EDN, often
with addition of NEC1K0PE1N, with or without names of Archon or
Strategos ; and in one instance of Curators EniMEAHO[ENTClN] on a
coin of Vespasian (Hermes, viii. 229.) Types—ZEYC K0PY4>AI0C; FTHTH,
a Fountain nymph; Coiled serpent on the back of ahorse; Herakles
and the Hydra ; Amazon standing holding image of Artemis ; Isis stand-
ing or seated with infant Harpokrates on her arm; Hermes carrying
infant Dionysos; Hermes dragging a Ram ; Aphrodite naked in temple,
arranging her hair and holding a mirror before her ; Agonistic table with
urns, etc.
Alliance coins with Ephesus, Smyrna, and Oresteium, the last town not
otherwise known. Inscr., OPECTElNllN <t>IAAAEA<t>., etc. 0M0N0IA.
Saettae. This city occupied the territory between the rivers Hermus
and Hyllus. Imperial coins, without or with heads of Emperors—Hadrian
to Salonina. Inscr., CAITTHNRN. Magistrate, sometimes, Archon.
Types- IEPA CYNKAHTOC, IEPA BOYAH. and AHMOC, EPMOC or YAAOC,
Rivers Hermus and Hyllus; ZEYC ITATPIOC, Head of Zeus ; AZIOT-
THNOC, a local name of the god Men, written round his head; Men standing
between the two rivers recumbent ; Apollo standing resting on column
or holding lyre; Isis; Kybele enthroned; Dionysos and panther;
Herakles standing, etc.