DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.68735#0237
GIOVANNI CANDIDA 8iq-2I
In the well-known portrait by Memling in the Antwerp Gallery of a man holding a
coin of Nero, Bode and Hulin de Loo now recognize Candida, instead of Niccold
Spinelli. Hulin de Loo appears to have formed his view independently of Bode, and
to be unaware that medallic portraits of Candida exist. The identification does not seem
to be borne out by the Dreyfus plaquette, on which the portrait has a short nose, whereas
that of Memling’s subject is long and slightly aquiline. Our artist has of course no
connexion with Giovanni Candido of Udine (c. 1450-1528; Riv. Ital., i, 1888, pp. 209 ff.).
Armand, Medailleurs Italiens, i (1883), pp. 58, 106; Candida Gonzaga (Berardo), Casa Filangieri (1887), p. 154 note 2,
p. 156 note 2, p. 355 note 1. L. Delisle in Bibliotheque de I'Ecole des Charles (1890), pp. 310 ff. and Courrier de I'Art, x,
no. 37 (Sept. 1890), p. 295. Alois Heiss, Jean de Candida in Rev. Num. (1890), pp. 453-79. C. von Fabriczy in Repertorium
xv (1892), p. 254. H. de la Tour, Jean de Candida in Rev. Num. (1894), pp. 327-54, 461-512; (1895), pp. 243-73, 417-69.
E. Miintz, Les Arts a la Cour des Papes Innoc. VIII, &c. (Fond. Piot, 1898), pp. 155,173,175. F. Mazerolle, Les Medailleurs
Fran^ais (1902), i, pp. xi, xvi, xxiii; ii, pp. 19-22. C. von Fabriczy, Ital. Medals (1904), pp. 161-7. W. Bode in Zeitschr.f. bild.
Kunst,xx (1904), p. 42. Forrer, Diet, of Medallists, i (1904), pp. 334-8. N. Rondot, Medailleurs et Graveurs (1904), pp. 72,
157. Hill in Thieme-Becker, Allgem. Lex., v (1911), p. 495 (bibliography). The same, Portrait Medals of Ital. Artists of
the Ren. (1912), pp. 36 f. V. Tourneur, Jehan de Candida .. . au service de la Maison de Bourgogne in Rev. Beige (1914),
pp. 381-411; (1919), pp. 7-48, 251-300 (quoted below as ‘ Tourneur ’)• Hill, Roman Medallists in Papers Brit. Sch. Rome, ix
(1920), pp. 37-8. The same, Medals of the Renaissance (1920), pp. 73-4. Habich, Medaillen der italienischen Renaissance
(1924), pp. 83-4. W. v. Bode in Zeitschr.f. Num., 34 (1924), pp. 388 ff. P. d’Espezel, Sur un medaillon de Louise de Savoie,
mere de Francois Ier, in Arethuse, fasc. 6 (Jan. 1925), pp. 1-9. G. Hulin de Loo, Le portrait du medailleur par Hans
Memlinc: Jean de Candida et non Niccold Spinelli in Festschr. fur Max J. Friedlander (Leipzig, 1927), pp. 103-8.
SIGNED
CHARLES THE BOLD, Duke of Bur-
gundy, and MAXIMILIAN I.
819. Obv. -:carolvs:« -bvrgvndvs* Bust
r., wearing round cap with edge turned up all
round, and plate-armour over gorget of mail?
Pearled border.
Rev. • MAXIMILIANVS • AVSTER • and, below,
OPVSCAND Bust r., with long hair falling to
shoulders, wearing round cap with back edge
turned up, and plate-armour over gorget of
mail? Pearled border.
Arm. I, p. 58 (39 mm.). Van Mieris, i, p. 147. Heraeus,
Pl. 14, 12; 21, 3. Herrgott, ii, Pt. i, Pl. x, 1. Rev. Num.
(1895), PP- 457 [«• P1-
(a) Berlin, 40 mm. Simon, no. 198. Bode in Zeit. f.
bild. Kunst, xv (1904), p. 42. Hab., Pl. Ixii, 5.
(Z>) Brussels, 38 mm. After-cast. Tourneur, p. 280,
Pl. v, 12 (no signature), (c) Formerly Rosenheim,
39 mm. Sale Catal., 1923, no. 79. After-cast (BVR
GVNDVS!- and OPVSCARO).
The Berlin specimen is the only one recorded with the
correct signature; the others have either OPVSCARO or
none. The date is probably between 1475 and 1477.
GRATIADEI (Antonio).
820. Obv. MAGTR: ANTHON IVS : GRATIA : DEI
Bust r., with curly hair, wearing plain round
cap, and habit with small hood. On truncation
CANDID Pearled border.
Rev. Within a formal laurel-wreath, round-
based shield with arms: a heart, accompanied
in chief by three estoiles of six points, and in
base by a flaming crescent. Pearled border.
Arm. I, 106, 1 (40 mm.); HI, 33, a. Hab., Pl. Ixii, 9.
p. Pl. 133.]
[213]
MEDALS
(a) Avignon, Mus. Calvet, J 41 mm. (Z») Berlin, 40 mm.
Friedl., p. 162. (c) Paris, 41 mm. Arm., loc. cit.
A. Heiss, Rev. Num. (1890), p. 464, Pl. xi, 2. H. de la
Tour, Rev. Num. (1894), Pl. vi, 1; (1895), p. 244, no. 1.
Tourneur, pp. 267 f., Pl. iv, 7. (<Z) Venice, Mus. Arch.,
f 40 mm. (e) Henry Oppenheimer, | 42 mm. From
Heseltine.
The arms, according to Tourneur, are not those of
Gratiadei (whose seal shows an eagle issuant and a lion
rampant) but of a Franciscan order to which he belonged
and which had a special devotion to the Virgin.
Tourneur places this medal in 1478, when the subject
was in the service of Maximilian, and before he became
professor of theology at Louvain.
GRUTHUSE (Jean de la) and MIETTE
(Jean).
821. Obv. IOHANNESDEGRVTHVSA on r., read-
ing inwardly; CASTELLANVSINSVLARVM on 1.,
reading outwardly. Bust r., with long straight
hair, wearing round cap with back edge turned
up, robe over doublet, and chain; behind,
large A; below, a love-knot with A in each loop.
Plain border.
Rev. •: lefoan: lltiette: Bust r., with curly
hair, wearing round cap, and robe over laced
doublet; below, CVSTOS; behind, a round
tower, on base of which CARCERI CANDIDE, at
either side INS VLIS and below Plain
border.
Arm. II, 87, 17 (52 mm.). Van Mieris, i, p. 167.
[d. Pl. 133.]
(a) Berlin, 52 mm. FL de la Tour, Rev. Num. (1894),
Pl. vii, 6; 1895, p. 255. (b) Brussels, 50 mm. Tour-
neur, pp. 270 ff., Pl. v, 9. (c) Milan (Med. Mun.),
J 52 mm. Two reverses joined; late cast, tooled.
In the well-known portrait by Memling in the Antwerp Gallery of a man holding a
coin of Nero, Bode and Hulin de Loo now recognize Candida, instead of Niccold
Spinelli. Hulin de Loo appears to have formed his view independently of Bode, and
to be unaware that medallic portraits of Candida exist. The identification does not seem
to be borne out by the Dreyfus plaquette, on which the portrait has a short nose, whereas
that of Memling’s subject is long and slightly aquiline. Our artist has of course no
connexion with Giovanni Candido of Udine (c. 1450-1528; Riv. Ital., i, 1888, pp. 209 ff.).
Armand, Medailleurs Italiens, i (1883), pp. 58, 106; Candida Gonzaga (Berardo), Casa Filangieri (1887), p. 154 note 2,
p. 156 note 2, p. 355 note 1. L. Delisle in Bibliotheque de I'Ecole des Charles (1890), pp. 310 ff. and Courrier de I'Art, x,
no. 37 (Sept. 1890), p. 295. Alois Heiss, Jean de Candida in Rev. Num. (1890), pp. 453-79. C. von Fabriczy in Repertorium
xv (1892), p. 254. H. de la Tour, Jean de Candida in Rev. Num. (1894), pp. 327-54, 461-512; (1895), pp. 243-73, 417-69.
E. Miintz, Les Arts a la Cour des Papes Innoc. VIII, &c. (Fond. Piot, 1898), pp. 155,173,175. F. Mazerolle, Les Medailleurs
Fran^ais (1902), i, pp. xi, xvi, xxiii; ii, pp. 19-22. C. von Fabriczy, Ital. Medals (1904), pp. 161-7. W. Bode in Zeitschr.f. bild.
Kunst,xx (1904), p. 42. Forrer, Diet, of Medallists, i (1904), pp. 334-8. N. Rondot, Medailleurs et Graveurs (1904), pp. 72,
157. Hill in Thieme-Becker, Allgem. Lex., v (1911), p. 495 (bibliography). The same, Portrait Medals of Ital. Artists of
the Ren. (1912), pp. 36 f. V. Tourneur, Jehan de Candida .. . au service de la Maison de Bourgogne in Rev. Beige (1914),
pp. 381-411; (1919), pp. 7-48, 251-300 (quoted below as ‘ Tourneur ’)• Hill, Roman Medallists in Papers Brit. Sch. Rome, ix
(1920), pp. 37-8. The same, Medals of the Renaissance (1920), pp. 73-4. Habich, Medaillen der italienischen Renaissance
(1924), pp. 83-4. W. v. Bode in Zeitschr.f. Num., 34 (1924), pp. 388 ff. P. d’Espezel, Sur un medaillon de Louise de Savoie,
mere de Francois Ier, in Arethuse, fasc. 6 (Jan. 1925), pp. 1-9. G. Hulin de Loo, Le portrait du medailleur par Hans
Memlinc: Jean de Candida et non Niccold Spinelli in Festschr. fur Max J. Friedlander (Leipzig, 1927), pp. 103-8.
SIGNED
CHARLES THE BOLD, Duke of Bur-
gundy, and MAXIMILIAN I.
819. Obv. -:carolvs:« -bvrgvndvs* Bust
r., wearing round cap with edge turned up all
round, and plate-armour over gorget of mail?
Pearled border.
Rev. • MAXIMILIANVS • AVSTER • and, below,
OPVSCAND Bust r., with long hair falling to
shoulders, wearing round cap with back edge
turned up, and plate-armour over gorget of
mail? Pearled border.
Arm. I, p. 58 (39 mm.). Van Mieris, i, p. 147. Heraeus,
Pl. 14, 12; 21, 3. Herrgott, ii, Pt. i, Pl. x, 1. Rev. Num.
(1895), PP- 457 [«• P1-
(a) Berlin, 40 mm. Simon, no. 198. Bode in Zeit. f.
bild. Kunst, xv (1904), p. 42. Hab., Pl. Ixii, 5.
(Z>) Brussels, 38 mm. After-cast. Tourneur, p. 280,
Pl. v, 12 (no signature), (c) Formerly Rosenheim,
39 mm. Sale Catal., 1923, no. 79. After-cast (BVR
GVNDVS!- and OPVSCARO).
The Berlin specimen is the only one recorded with the
correct signature; the others have either OPVSCARO or
none. The date is probably between 1475 and 1477.
GRATIADEI (Antonio).
820. Obv. MAGTR: ANTHON IVS : GRATIA : DEI
Bust r., with curly hair, wearing plain round
cap, and habit with small hood. On truncation
CANDID Pearled border.
Rev. Within a formal laurel-wreath, round-
based shield with arms: a heart, accompanied
in chief by three estoiles of six points, and in
base by a flaming crescent. Pearled border.
Arm. I, 106, 1 (40 mm.); HI, 33, a. Hab., Pl. Ixii, 9.
p. Pl. 133.]
[213]
MEDALS
(a) Avignon, Mus. Calvet, J 41 mm. (Z») Berlin, 40 mm.
Friedl., p. 162. (c) Paris, 41 mm. Arm., loc. cit.
A. Heiss, Rev. Num. (1890), p. 464, Pl. xi, 2. H. de la
Tour, Rev. Num. (1894), Pl. vi, 1; (1895), p. 244, no. 1.
Tourneur, pp. 267 f., Pl. iv, 7. (<Z) Venice, Mus. Arch.,
f 40 mm. (e) Henry Oppenheimer, | 42 mm. From
Heseltine.
The arms, according to Tourneur, are not those of
Gratiadei (whose seal shows an eagle issuant and a lion
rampant) but of a Franciscan order to which he belonged
and which had a special devotion to the Virgin.
Tourneur places this medal in 1478, when the subject
was in the service of Maximilian, and before he became
professor of theology at Louvain.
GRUTHUSE (Jean de la) and MIETTE
(Jean).
821. Obv. IOHANNESDEGRVTHVSA on r., read-
ing inwardly; CASTELLANVSINSVLARVM on 1.,
reading outwardly. Bust r., with long straight
hair, wearing round cap with back edge turned
up, robe over doublet, and chain; behind,
large A; below, a love-knot with A in each loop.
Plain border.
Rev. •: lefoan: lltiette: Bust r., with curly
hair, wearing round cap, and robe over laced
doublet; below, CVSTOS; behind, a round
tower, on base of which CARCERI CANDIDE, at
either side INS VLIS and below Plain
border.
Arm. II, 87, 17 (52 mm.). Van Mieris, i, p. 167.
[d. Pl. 133.]
(a) Berlin, 52 mm. FL de la Tour, Rev. Num. (1894),
Pl. vii, 6; 1895, p. 255. (b) Brussels, 50 mm. Tour-
neur, pp. 270 ff., Pl. v, 9. (c) Milan (Med. Mun.),
J 52 mm. Two reverses joined; late cast, tooled.