Hogarth, David G.; Smith, Cecil Harcourt [Mitarb.]: Excavations at Ephesus: the archaic Artemisia: Text (London, 1908)

4 The Archaic Artemisia of Ephesus.

Artemision, and named the architect of the first temple of regular Greek form
as the author of the whole.

3. Vitruvius has four passages containing information about early
Artemisia :

(a) iii. p. 70 (ed. Rose). EpJiesi Dianae ionica a Chersiphrone constitute!.

Then follows an architectural description which suits best the
Artemision of Vitruvius' own time.

(b) vii. p. 159. Chersiphron began and his son, Metagenes, completed

the building.
(e) vii. p. 161. Primumque aedis Ephesi Dianae ionico gene re ab Cliersi-
plironc Gnosio ct fdio ejus Metagene est institute, quavi postca Demetrius
ipsius Dianae scrvus et Paconius EpJicsius dicuntur perfecisse. This
same Paeonius, the author adds, was co-architect of " the Apollo
Temple at Miletus."
id) x. p. 249. A record of a certain device invented by Chersiphron
for the transport of the drums of columns from the quarry, and after-
wards adopted by Metagenes for the epistyle blocks. Vitruvius here
implies that Chersiphron built the structure only up to the tops of
the columns, a fact supported by Pliny's ascription to Metagenes
(N.H. xxxvi. 21) of a device for lowering the epistylia into position.

Vitruvius, like Pliny, does not mention Deinocrates as architect of the latest

temple.

From all the foregoing passages, taken together, it may, I suggest,

be legitimately inferred, without reference to any other class of evidence,

that:—

1. There was originally a small Tree-Shrine on the site, not reckoned
by Greek tradition an "Artemision" at all.

2. A stone building was erected round and over this, with whose founda
tion the name of Theodorus of Samos (7th century B.C. ?) was connected.

3. The first temple of any size and of a definite order of Greek architecture
was built by Chersiphron of Knossos, and was remembered by the prevalent
tradition as the original Artemision. If this was in fact distinct from Theodorus'
foundation, it was confounded with it by that tradition. Chersiphron's work
was brought to completion by Metagenes. His was an Ionic temple (cf.
another passage in Vitruvius, iv., p. 55), the first erected in that style in Asia,
the Doric having been used in the earlier Panionion ; and it was the outcome
of a local artistic development in the direction of muliebris graeilitas. Th<
considerations render it improbable that Chersiphron's building was erected