DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4945#0021
io The Archaic Artemisia oe Ephesus.
to recognise. But the fact was not clearly demonstrated before the end of that
spring season ; nor was the stratification determined till the beginning of 1871.
In January of the latter year the base and lowest drum of a column were found
in position, showing that a stylobate had existed at a level more than 2 ■ 00
above that of the pavement first found. Later discoveries proved this higher
level to be that of the Hellenistic Temple, which, however, had been so
thoroughly quarried by searchers for building-stone and by lime-burners, that
not only the superstructure, but both pavement and foundations had been
almost wholly removed over an immense area, and the underlying stratum
exposed.
Wood's observations of the earlier remains have to be gathered from
scattered notices in his Discoveries at Ephesus, the most connected account
being given on pp. 262-3. He never published afterwards any more precise
account of the earlier stratum, nor even a plan which clearly distinguished the
earlier from the later strata and existing structures from restorations ; and his
posthumous book, a popular account entitled Discoveries on the Site of Ancient
Ephesus (By-paths of Biblical Knowledge Series), did not supply the deficiency.
He states that he found about one half of an early temple pavement in position,
nearly 7 feet 6 inches below that of the latest peristyle. It was composed of
two layers, the upper only being of white marble, laid in irregularly-shaped
blocks, which were accurately fitted and mortised between the western antae to
receive the standards of a metal grille. On the west facade he observed the
plinth of a Croesus column in situ, " as well as part of the base of one of the
inner columns, consisting of the plinth and lowest circular stone." These: plinths,
he noted, corresponded in situation with columns of die uppermost stratum which
were no longer existent, but easily placed by the survival of their foundation-
piers. The first of these plinths he exposed as early as December 1st, 1870.
Wood also observed that parts of the early cella wall, showing a thickness
of 6 feet 4 inches, together with the plinth of the south-western auta, were
still existent at the west end; and that, occupying the centre of the cella, was
a rectangular foundation which he named the Great Altar, but did not further
explore or describe. To determine the character of the early foundations, he
had four pits sunk—two within the cella, a third against the outward face of
its south wall, and a fourth in the northern peristyle. In the two first-named
he observed "at a depth of 5 feet 9 inches a layer 4 inches thick of a
composition which had the appearance and consistency of glazier's putty " ;
but on analysis, this did not prove to correspond to Theodorus' ingenious
bedding of fleeces, but is a species of mortar. Under this he found, however,
to recognise. But the fact was not clearly demonstrated before the end of that
spring season ; nor was the stratification determined till the beginning of 1871.
In January of the latter year the base and lowest drum of a column were found
in position, showing that a stylobate had existed at a level more than 2 ■ 00
above that of the pavement first found. Later discoveries proved this higher
level to be that of the Hellenistic Temple, which, however, had been so
thoroughly quarried by searchers for building-stone and by lime-burners, that
not only the superstructure, but both pavement and foundations had been
almost wholly removed over an immense area, and the underlying stratum
exposed.
Wood's observations of the earlier remains have to be gathered from
scattered notices in his Discoveries at Ephesus, the most connected account
being given on pp. 262-3. He never published afterwards any more precise
account of the earlier stratum, nor even a plan which clearly distinguished the
earlier from the later strata and existing structures from restorations ; and his
posthumous book, a popular account entitled Discoveries on the Site of Ancient
Ephesus (By-paths of Biblical Knowledge Series), did not supply the deficiency.
He states that he found about one half of an early temple pavement in position,
nearly 7 feet 6 inches below that of the latest peristyle. It was composed of
two layers, the upper only being of white marble, laid in irregularly-shaped
blocks, which were accurately fitted and mortised between the western antae to
receive the standards of a metal grille. On the west facade he observed the
plinth of a Croesus column in situ, " as well as part of the base of one of the
inner columns, consisting of the plinth and lowest circular stone." These: plinths,
he noted, corresponded in situation with columns of die uppermost stratum which
were no longer existent, but easily placed by the survival of their foundation-
piers. The first of these plinths he exposed as early as December 1st, 1870.
Wood also observed that parts of the early cella wall, showing a thickness
of 6 feet 4 inches, together with the plinth of the south-western auta, were
still existent at the west end; and that, occupying the centre of the cella, was
a rectangular foundation which he named the Great Altar, but did not further
explore or describe. To determine the character of the early foundations, he
had four pits sunk—two within the cella, a third against the outward face of
its south wall, and a fourth in the northern peristyle. In the two first-named
he observed "at a depth of 5 feet 9 inches a layer 4 inches thick of a
composition which had the appearance and consistency of glazier's putty " ;
but on analysis, this did not prove to correspond to Theodorus' ingenious
bedding of fleeces, but is a species of mortar. Under this he found, however,