Hogarth, David G.; Smith, Cecil Harcourt [Contr.]: Excavations at Ephesus: the archaic Artemisia: Text (London, 1908)

Excavations of 1904-5. 43

interval, deserves special mention (see p. 74). The rest of the area was
covered by Croesus foundations, except for a ragged belt down the axis. In this
belt the lower stratum had been disturbed, and we found practically nothing.
If the disturbance here was Wood's, his workmen, if not himself, must have
anticipated our discovery of Primitive objects ; but there is no record of the
fact. On either side of this belt the Croesus foundation blocks were in situ, and
on their removal, together with the bed-clay, fragmentary structures came to
light which will be described in the following chapter.

It was in this western part of the area that the two most abundant springs
were tapped in the black sand, and thereafter the whole stratum of earth below
— 4' 30 became liquid. The north-west angle of a large cross wall, similar in
character to the Primitive boundary on the north, but broader, was found on
May 25th, and its return eastward was seen to be in line with the north
boundary wall, of which a further fragment, well preserved on the inner face, had
now been found about half-way between the Basis and this north-west angle.
The north wall was seen to continue farther west so as to form an anta. Since,
however, a fragment of such a continuation of the south boundary also was
found, as has been said above, and trenches driven westward from the line of the
west wall just discovered at four points failed to show any trace of a farther
boundary, we concluded that in the latter wall we had found the western
enclosure of the Primitive shrine, and that beyond it projected antae. That
shrine, in fact, was, like its successors, a temple in antis, with the same relative
proportions, but on a smaller scale (see plan, Atlas, I.).

This western wall was eventually traced right across to the southern
boundary, being well preserved to the height of one course above foundations,
except in the middle, where, however, its line was continued by large slabs of a
yellow, red-veined marble laid crosswise at the level of its uppermost foundation.
Both east and west of this wall, at its north-western angle, objects were found in
the bottom stratum, e.g., a small statuette with gold diadem and fragments
of the fine white-faced and painted ware described below on pp. 221-2.

Within the south-west corner the lowest stratum proved very productive
over a considerable area, yielding an iron sword, which was so much corroded
that it fell to dust when lifted ; the fragments of the dish with ibexes ; a wooden
hawk, once covered with gold foil, of which fragments bearing the impression
of the feathers lay near ; among ivories, a statuette with hawks, a large rampant
lion, a duck's head, a comb, the forepart of a horse, and a crouching boar;
also a Bes head in paste, and many smaller objects. But it should be remarked
that these objects were always found in little isolated "pockets," and not

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