DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.6271#0029
( 3 )
OSTEOLOGY;
or,
DOCTRINE OF THE BONES.
Bones are hard, compact, inflexible, and insensible sub-
stances, composed of earth and gluten, which support and
form the stature of the body, defend its viscera, and give ad-
hesion to its muscles.
In order to demonstrate the earth and gluten of bones, it
is only necessary to calcine them, and expose a dried
bone to the action of dilute acids. The earth wliich
remains after calcination, is phosphate and a little
carbonate of lime. The gluten into wliich tl.e bone is
converted by macerating in dilute acids, is gelatin.
The substance of bones is of three kinds:—compact, as in
the bodies of the long bones; spo?igy, as in the extremities of
the long bones ; and reticular, called also the cancelli of bones,
as in the cavities of bones which have marrow..
Take a thigh-hone, macerate it well, make a perpendicu-
lar section, and you will observe the three substances of
bones very beautifully marked : the compact is seen
forming its external part and body, the spongy at the
extremities, and the reticulated in its cavity.
The compact substance is formed of many lamina?, or
plates, composing a firm hard substance. These lami-
na-; are easily distinguishable in bones that have beers
partly exposed to calcination, or boiled for any length (if
time in a strong alkaline ley, or steeped in muriatic acid
and water. In man, and in other living animals, these
laminae mostly separate on exposure to air 3 and hence
the laminated portions are called exfoliations in surgery.
The fibres of the spongy and reticulated substances are
extremely varied in their direction ; and some Variety
occurs in this respect in the compact substance : thus,
in flat bones, as those of the head, they are disposed in
the form of rays, and are seen converging from the cir-
cumference to the centre, in thecylindrical bones tin4 %
seem to be placed in parallel directions.
OSTEOLOGY;
or,
DOCTRINE OF THE BONES.
Bones are hard, compact, inflexible, and insensible sub-
stances, composed of earth and gluten, which support and
form the stature of the body, defend its viscera, and give ad-
hesion to its muscles.
In order to demonstrate the earth and gluten of bones, it
is only necessary to calcine them, and expose a dried
bone to the action of dilute acids. The earth wliich
remains after calcination, is phosphate and a little
carbonate of lime. The gluten into wliich tl.e bone is
converted by macerating in dilute acids, is gelatin.
The substance of bones is of three kinds:—compact, as in
the bodies of the long bones; spo?igy, as in the extremities of
the long bones ; and reticular, called also the cancelli of bones,
as in the cavities of bones which have marrow..
Take a thigh-hone, macerate it well, make a perpendicu-
lar section, and you will observe the three substances of
bones very beautifully marked : the compact is seen
forming its external part and body, the spongy at the
extremities, and the reticulated in its cavity.
The compact substance is formed of many lamina?, or
plates, composing a firm hard substance. These lami-
na-; are easily distinguishable in bones that have beers
partly exposed to calcination, or boiled for any length (if
time in a strong alkaline ley, or steeped in muriatic acid
and water. In man, and in other living animals, these
laminae mostly separate on exposure to air 3 and hence
the laminated portions are called exfoliations in surgery.
The fibres of the spongy and reticulated substances are
extremely varied in their direction ; and some Variety
occurs in this respect in the compact substance : thus,
in flat bones, as those of the head, they are disposed in
the form of rays, and are seen converging from the cir-
cumference to the centre, in thecylindrical bones tin4 %
seem to be placed in parallel directions.